• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.40-41
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• 2000

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2001

Purpose : We investigated the reproducibility of language lateralization by 4 different word generation paradigms or the rest contents in each paradigm using functional magnetic resonance imaging in normal volunteers Materials and Methods Nine normal volunteers with left-handedness (mean age: 25 yrs) were examined on a 1.57 MR unit using a single-shot gradient echo epibold sequence. Four different word generation paradigms of noun, verb, adjective and adverb were used in each normal volunteer for investigating language system. In each paradigm, two different rest contents consisted of only seeing the " +" symbol or reading the meaningless letters. Each task consisted of 96 phases including 3 activations and 6 rests of 2 different contents. Two activation maps in one task were obtained under two different rest contents using the correlation method. We evaluated the detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas and the differences of language lateralization among four different word generation paradigms, or between the rest contents. Results : The detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas were over 67 % in 4 different language paradigms and there was no significant difference of them among language paradigms, or between two different rest contents. Language dominances, in all 4 different language paradigms, were shown to be consistent in 66 %, but were contrary with language paradigms in some subjects. The rest contents made no significant effect on dominant language dominance determination, but the success rates of the dominant language dominances determined from 4 language paradigms were higher in reading the meaningless letter (100%, n=9) than in only seeing "+" on screen at the rest task (78%, n=7).

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.208-219
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• 2011

This study is intended to formulate the issues through the status analysis and image evaluation for each street on the basis of colors for the outdoor advertisements for part of street side in the oldest downtown for its construction year. Analysing the business type of the street side, it displays the identity of the fashion business area and the color status shown on the outdoor advertisement did not consider the harmony on the other business type and building improvements that it displays chaotic street views in overall. Status of color for the outdoor advertisement compared and analyzed for each street-side to be analyzed with high color contrast with the building structure and outdoor advertisements than the Street B side where there are many businesses of fashion sundries and fashion clothes to form more complicated street scenery visually for the Street A side. The color combination principle of building structure and outdoor advertisement was shown to be the factor for the contrasting unity and diversity. In order not to stimulate this visual confusion, the colors of outdoor advertisement has to be applied on the basis of the color guideline based on the color combination principle of outdoor advertisement and building structure to have the aesthetic harmony overall. As a result of analysis using the KJ method, the present image of the old downtown area was shown with the adjective vocabularies of "complicated", "out-dated", "chaotic", "disorganized", "dirty", "suffocating", and "unilateral", and its image to strive for would be in a total of 6 adjective vocabularies of "well-arranged", "young", "dynamic", "sophisticated", "personable" and "neat", and it has presented the basic foundation of color guideline of outdoor advertisement fit for its image.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2002

The success of a product is only possible on the basis of user preference for products and the user preference for products is greatly influenced by the design. Designers have to understand user preference and convert it into the combination of specified design attribute, and after that they should design products which have the image that they want to get. Then the product will be sure to be a hit. Therefore, on the point of view of design, it is necessary to find oui definitely the consumer preference frame : the relationship among design preference - design images - design attribute. This study will give you guidelines on which designers can select and design some more objective and reliable design factors, finding out the relation of cause and effect by which they can know what kind of product designs their consumers like and how the popular image which that products offer is composed of. Therefore, in this study, after we developed the consumer response framework which is proposed by Bloch(1995) : distinct relationship model among preference - design image adjective - design factors, we analyzed the relationship among preference-design image adjective - design factors through the empirical researches. And then we give the way of design.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.14-21
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• 2010

In this study, the preferences with regard to floral design in a public space and the correlation between such preferences and the image features of the floral design types were identified. Based on the review of the related literature, the floral designs placed in a public space were classified into three types(the flower bed, container, and three-dimensional sculpture types) according to physical factors, and were classified into two types(the indoor and outdoor types) according to environmental factors. In the floral-design type classified by physical and environmental factors, the flower bed and outdoor types, respectively, were highly preferred. The factor that was found to have the greatest influence on the preference for the flower bed type was 'well-orderedness', which included the adjective categories 'harmonious', 'clean', and 'simple'; that which was found to have the greatest influence on the preference for the outdoor-type floral design was 'identity', which included the adjective categories 'symbolic', 'distinctive', 'harmonious', 'impressive', and 'clean'. It can thus be concluded that the plants that are effectively displayed in a public space can express the nature and identity of the city itself, can be a yardstick for giving value to the city and for evaluating it, and can be important components of the urban landscape. A design that is suitable for the purpose of each public space and that reflects the factors that exert an influence on the users' floral-design type preference should thus be developed.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.25
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• pp.19-23
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• 2007

This research to streets at Daegu, and view adjective how people react when draw a bird into interior in city utilize and examine becoming direction of street trees system. Findings on survey, citizens appear by average 2.87 in management degree of street trees and average 2.76 in various of species of trees, discontent thing more or less by average 2.91 in satisfaction of the beauty, and demonstrate high shame from satisfaction for season stuff to comparative high 3.24, generally, citizens appear by there are parts to improve by do dissatisfaction about street trees system at Daegu. Also, street trees 2 lines plantings for a bird is average 3.05, shows affirmative feedback about that shrub utilization for a bird see high numerical value by average 3.4 and people draw a bird to space of city. Therefore, construct street trees friendly to the nature and be considered to need to re-establish set street trees environment in citizens preference to recover city ecosystem. As result that examine reaction which treat in street trees planting programs to draw birds into city through view adjective, Likert scales about 2 lines plantings of street trees and additional planting of shrub show affirmative feedback by average 3.4 both ordinary people and specialist group, if people want to draw birds into city by various of method, various research should be accomplished.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.315-323
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• 2008

Based on the result of extraction of common factors executed in order to elucidate the visual attributes of street scenery by types through the rotation of 23 adjective variables by Varimax, the visual attributes expressed after the construction of the facilities using street scenery were anylized to be 4 factors including factor 1 through factor 4. Theexplanation of the 4 factor groups to explain the entire distribution was 65.3% and these factor groups are the psychological attributes felt when using facilities are constructed by securing the street spaces in downtowns and the factors were named as naturalness(factor 1), locality(factor 2), identity(factor 3) and clarity(factor 4) respectively. Based on the result of one-way layout distribution analysis, the preferences for street scenery by types were found out to show considerable differences at 1 % significance level. Based on the result of multiple regression analysis, all of the factors explaining preferences including factor 1 through factor 4 were significant at 1 % significance level. In case other conditions are constant, if the values of the adjective variables related to locality(factor 2) increase by 1 unit, the preferences which are the values of dependent variables will increase by 0.709. The variable with the largest relative contribution among the 4 factor groups was the locality(factor 2) factor group and on the contrary, it was found that the independent variable with least influences was the clarity(factor 4) factor group.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.105-115
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• 2008

This study examines and analyzes a variety of apartment roof style for 147 apartment complexes built in the Gwangju metropolitan city in order to determine the style that is most preferred. The results of this study are as follows. Most of apartment houses built in the Gwangju metropolitan city are 11 to 15 stories followed by apartments that have less than 5 stories, with fewer apartments that have 16 to 20 stories. According to roof styles, the eyebrow roof A type is the most common, followed by the plane roof A type, the sloped roof B type and the sloped roof C type, while 2/3 of all roof types have either an eyebrow roof A type or a plane roof A type. Using images of these roof types to determine those that are preferred, the decorative roof C type is most preferred, followed by the sloped roof B and C types. According to recognition of adjective pairs, decorative roof C type showed a higher recognition for the categories of unique, decorative, three dimensional and novel, the sloped roof B type showed a higher recognition for the categories of three dimensional, decorative and structured while the sloped roof C type showed a higher recognition in the decorative, novel, varied and three dimensional categories. In the correlations between image preference and recognition scale of roof styles of apartment houses, decorative roof C type showed a significant correlation between adjective pairs with the calm image, the sloped roof B type with the intimate image, while the sloped roof C type showed a correlation between static and ordered with the easy image. Therefore, for the design of future apartment roofs, decorative roof C type requires more consideration of visual aspects that are related to a sense of unity, while further morphological factors needs to be adopted with sloped roof B and C types.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to determine aesthetical characteristics of the Korean traditional wedding dress for women by analyzing such dresses'aesthetical senses. For the purpose, the study showed four types of the dress, jukyee, whalot, weonsam and private weonsam and their photographed stimuli to subjects and then obtained data using the seven scale measures of meaning differentiation consisting of 25 pairs of adjective words. Results of the study are described as follows; Aesthetical senses shown in the Korean traditional dressing dress for women included six factors in total, among which attractiveness was found as the main factor, followed by chastity. For the four types of the dress, whalot adpated revelation as its main factor while the remaining three types, or jukyee, weonsam and private weonsam were found having dignity as their main factors. Adjective words which largely accounted for aesthetical senses included uncomfortable, warn, chaste, intellectual, bright, unique, regular, luxurious, classical, ornamental and beautiful suggesting that the Korean traditional wedding dress for women is somewhat unfunctional, but high in attractiveness and aesthetic beauty and has a better classical harmonization of dignity and revelation. Aesthetical senses were most different according to nationality(Korean and Japan) when they were analyzed in terms of nationality, gender and whether of specialization or non-specialization. Japanese people had unique and interesting senses while Korean people, chaste, calm and delicate aesthetical senses. According to gender, men revealed free senses and women, classical ones. According whether of specialization or non-specialization those who specialized in a related field had more unique, straight, regular, luxurious and interesting aesthetical senses that those who did not specialize.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.773-777
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• 2009

In recent years, the field of synthesizing voice has been developed rapidly, and the technologies such as reading aloud an email or sound guidance of a car navigation system are used in various scenes of our life. The sound quality is monotonous like reading news. It is preferable for a text such as a novel to be read by the voice that expresses emotions wealthily. Therefore, we have been trying to develop a system reading aloud novels automatically that are expressed clear emotions comparatively such as juvenile literature. At first it is necessary to identify emotions expressed in a sentence in texts in order to make a computer read texts with an emotionally expressive voice. A method on the basis of the meaning interpretation that utilized artificial intelligence technology for a method to specify emotions of texts is thought, but it is very difficult with the current technology. Therefore, we propose a method to determine only emotion every sentence in a novel by a simpler way. This method determines the emotion of a sentence according to an emotion that words such as a verb in a Japanese verb sentence, and an adjective and an adverb in a adjective sentence, have. The emotional characteristics that these words have are prepared beforehand as a emotional words dictionary by us. The emotions used here are seven types: "joy," "sorrow," "anger," "surprise," "terror," "aversion" or "neutral."