• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.495-500
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• 2016

This study aimed to explore the neuroprotection and mechanism of isoflurane on rats with spinal cord ischemic injury. Total 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the four groups (n=10). Group A was sham-operation group; group B was ischemia group; group C was isoflurane preconditioning group; group D was isoflurane preconditioning followed by ischemia treatment group. Then the expressions of TWIK-related $K^+$ channel 1 (TREK1) in the four groups were detected by immunofluorescent assay, real time-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) and western blot. The primary neurons of rats were isolated and cultured under normal and hypoxic conditions. Besides, the neurons under two conditions were transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-TREK1 and lentivirual to overexpress and silence TREK1. Additionally, the neurons were treated with isoflurane or not. Then caspase-3 activity and cell cycle of neurons under normal and hypoxic conditions were detected. Furthermore, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate (NADH) was detected using NAD+/NADH quantification colorimetric kit. Results showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of TREK1 increased significantly in group C and D. In neurons, when TREK1 silenced, isoflurane treatment improved the caspase-3 activity. In hypoxic condition, the caspase-3 activity and sub-G1 cell percentage significantly increased, however, when TREK1 overexpressed the caspase-3 activity and sub-G1 cell percentage decreased significantly. Furthermore, both isoflurane treatment and overexpression of TREK1 significantly decreased NADH. In conclusion, isoflurane-induced neuroprotection in spinal cord ischemic injury may be associated with the up-regulation of TREK1.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.777-786
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• 2016

Raillietina species are prevalent in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Phayao province, northern Thailand. Their infection may cause disease and death, which affects the public health and economic situation in chicken farms. The identification of Raillietina has been based on morphology and molecular analysis. In this study, morphological observations using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopies (SEM) coupled with molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) gene were employed for precise identification and phylogenetic relationship studies of Raillietina spp. Four Raillietina species, including R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus, and Raillietina sp., were recovered in domestic chickens from 4 districts in Phayao province, Thailand. LM and SEM observations revealed differences in the morphology of the scolex, position of the genital pore, number of eggs per egg capsule, and rostellar opening surface structures in all 4 species. Phylogenetic relationships were found among the phylogenetic trees obtained by the maximum likelihood and distance-based neighbor-joining methods. ITS2 and ND1 sequence data recorded from Raillietina sp. appeared to be monophyletic. The query sequences of R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus, and Raillietina sp. were separated according to the different morphological characters. This study confirmed that morphological studies combined with molecular analyses can differentiate related species within the genus Raillietina in Thailand.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2001

우리나라 주요 과수류중 하나인 포도의 경정배양을 통하여 증식재료로 이용할 수 있는 다아체의 형성 및 이들의 신장에 미치는 생장조절물질의 영향에 관해 검토하였다. 경정배양 시 재료의 살균은 5월 초순에 생육이 왕성한 신초를 채취하여 NaOCl 1%용액에 10분간 살균한 것에 비해 Wilson액에 5분간 침지 살균했을 때 생존율이 높았다. 다아체의 증식은 3/4 MS 기본배지에 NAA 0.1 mg/L와 BA 3.0mg/L에서 양호하였다. 다아체로부터 신초의 신장은 3/4 MS배지에 AdSO$_4$80 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L와 BA를 1.0~2.0 mg/L 혼합한 배지에서 양호하였으며 품종간 생장조절물질의 적정농도 차이는 거의 없었다.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2013

Natural photosynthesis utilizes solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to energy-rich carbohydrates. Substantial use of sunlight to meet world energy demands requires energy storage in useful fuels via chemical bonds because sunlight is intermittent. Artificial photosynthesis research focuses the fundamental natural process to design solar energy conversion systems. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ($NAD^+$) and $NADP^+$ are ubiquitous as electron transporters in biological systems. Enzymatic, chemical, and electrochemical methods have been reported for NADH regeneration. As photochemical systems, visible light-driven catalytic activity of NADH regeneration was carried out using platinum nanoparticles, molecular rhodium and cobalt complexes in the presence of triethanolamine as a sacrificial electron donor. Pt nanoparticles showed photochemical NADH regeneration activity without additional visible light collector molecules, demonstrating that both photoactivating and catalytic activities exist together in Pt nanoparticles. The NADH regeneration of the Pt nanoparticle system was not interfered with the reduction of $O_2$. Molecular cobalt complexes containing dimethylglyoxime ligands also transfer their hydrides to $NAD^+$ with photoactivation of eosin Y in the presence of TEOA. In this photocatalytic reaction, the $NAD^+$ reduction process competed with a proton reduction.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.280-287
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• 1980

發癌物質과 DNA 鹽基雙間의 分子錯物形成에서 可能性있는 配置(orientation)를 決定하였다. 아데닌-티민 염기쌍에서는 티민쪽에서, 구아닌-시토신 염기쌍에서는 구아닌쪽에서 分子錯物을 形成한다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.937-942
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• 1993

Immobilon-AV Affinity membrane에 L-glutamate dehydrogenase를 고정하여 유리질 탄소전극에 부착시킨 전극을 사용하여 암모니아를 전류법으로 정량하였다. 이때 환원형의 NADH가 $NAD^+$로 산화될 때 전류를 +1.0 volt vs. Ag/AgCl에서 측정하였다. 효소 고정화된 membrane을 부착시킨 전극의 감응 특성은 다음과 같다. 곧 직선 감응 농도 범위는 $4.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}\;{\sim}\;4.0\;{\times}\;10^{-4}$ M이었으며, 정량한계는 2.0 ${\times}\;10^{-6}$ M이었다. 또한 감응 시간은 2분이었으며 효소 고정화된 막의 최적 pH와 수명은 각각 pH 7.3∼7.6 (Dulbecco's buffer 용액)과 25일이었다. 그리고 다른 생리활성 물질의 방해는 없었다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.148-156
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• 1994

Chloral hydrate(CH), an intermediate metabolite of trichloroethylene(TRI) is reduced to trichloroethanol(TCE-OH), and is oxidized to trichloroacetic acid(TCA) by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD)-dependent enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) in liver. This study was performed to find out the change of activity of ADH and ALDH with increasing amount of TRI. Intraperitoneal injection of TRI were done to the male Sprague Dawely rats(mean body weight, $170{\pm}10g$) in com oil at the dosage of 150, 300, 600 mg/kg for 2 days. The results of experiments are following : 1. The contents of xenobiotic metabolic enzymes in liver are tended to be decreased with increasing amount of, but not significantlly (p>0.05). 2. Activity of ADH in microsome is decreased(p<0.05), and activity of ALDH is increased with amount of TRI(P<0.05). 3. Total trichloro-compounds(TTC) concentration in urine are increased with amount of TRI, but the ratio of between the TCE-OH and the TCA were not shown any critical change. These results suggests that the ALDH in microsome may be related to metabolism of TRI, but ADH was nothing less than the effected to metabolism of TRI.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.423-432
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• 2008

In this study, we investigated the possibility of auto control and the proper operating factors in the BNR(Biological Nutrient Removal) process using an NADH(Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) fluorometer, which characterized the emitted fluorescence when activated by flashes of UV light at 460 nm. In terms of finding adequate operating parameters, results indicted that nitrification efficiency decreased in the controlled DO while denitrification efficiency decreased in the controlled pH. The above results indicated that controlled operating condition after combination with NADH, DO and pH was resonable. Result obtained from the correlation between NADH and pH showed that variation trend of influent loading was similar to those of NADH and pH, and also the variation cycle was repeated on a daily basis. Consequently, this result showed the increase of BOD loading caused the nitrification efficiency to decrease because air-flow, required for nitrification, was reduced, and so the NADH value was increased. From these results, it is possible to use NADH flourimetry to assess the variation of organic load and nitrification efficiency in the case of small change in influent pH such as in sewage and also to handle and operate the load variation in the auto control system using the NADH fluorometer.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2000

본 연구는 Streptomyces sp. BH-405의 배양액으로부터 유기용매로 추출하여 지질과 산화에 대한 항산화 효과를 실험하였다. Streptomyces sp. BH-405의 배양액을 ethylether로 추출한 후 silica gel column(100$\times$10 cm) chromatography로 분획한 획분을 POV로 측정한 결과 fraction 3에서 향산화 활성이 가장 높았다. 항산화 활성이 높은 fraction 3 획분을 다시 preparative TLC와 column chromatography로 더욱 정제하여 band 2를 얻었다. Band 2의 항산화 효과를 알아보기 위해 기존의 항산화제와 비교한 결과 이-$\alpha$-tocopherol, BHA보다 산화억제 효과가 높았으며 DPPH에 의한 수소 공여능은 실험결과가 우수하였다. 한편 band 2는 쥐 간의 microsome에 있어서 유리기의 소거기능이 있었고 NADPH 및 Fenton 시액에 위한 효소적 과산화 지질의 생성을 억제하였다. 그리고 mitochondria와 리놀산의 과산화 유도계에서도 지질의 과산화 과정에 생성하는 유리기의 형성을 차단하였다. 결론적으로 Streptomyces sp. BH-405의 배양액에서 얻은 획분인 band 2는 산화를 억제하는 활성이 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3573-3577
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• 2015

Background: Sirtuin7 (SIRT7) is a type of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized form (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase and the least understood member of the sirtuins family; it is implicated in various processes, such as aging, DNA damage repair and cell signaling transduction. There is some evidence that SIRT7 may function as a tumor trigger for human malignancy. Here, we aimed to explore the biological function of SIRT7 in ovarian carcinoma cells and its potential mechanism. Materials and Methods: Expression of SIRT7 in ovarian cancer cell lines was detected by western blotting. Transduced cell lines with SIRT7 knockdown or overexpression were constructed. Cell viability, cologenic, apoptosis-associated and motility assays were performed to elucidate the biological function of SIRT7 in ovarian cancer cells. Results: SIRT7 demonstrated a higher level in ovarian cancer cell lines compared with normal cells. On the one hand, down-regulation of SIRT7 significantly reduced ovarian cancer cell growth, repressed colony formation and increased cancer cell apoptosis; on the other hand, up-regulation promoted the migration of cancer cells. Additionally, repression of SIRT7 also induced change in apoptosis-related molecules and subunits of the NF-${\kappa}B$ family. Conclusions: In the present study, our data indicated that SIRT7 might play a role of oncogene in ovarian malignancy and be a potential therapeutic target.