• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2014

Ambiguity in the root morphology of the mandibular second molars is quite common. The most common root canal configuration is 2 roots and 3 canals, nonetheless other possibilities may still exist. The presence of accessory roots is an interesting example of anatomic root variation. While the presence of radix entomolaris or radix paramolaris is regarded as a typical clinical finding of a three-rooted mandibular second permanent molar, the occurrence of an additional mesial root is rather uncommon and represents a possibility of deviation from the regular norms. This case report describes successful endodontic management of a three-rooted mandibular second molar presenting with an unusual accessory mesial root, which was identified with the aid of multiangled radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography imaging. This article also discusses the prevalence, etiology, morphological variations, clinical approach to diagnosis, and significance of supernumerary roots in contemporary clinical dentistry.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.116-121
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• 2017

상악 제2유구치의 부가치근은 드물게 관찰된다. 본 증례보고에서는 두 증례를 통해 상악 제2유구치의 부가치근과 하방 영구 계승치의 변위 및 회전이 연관되었을 가능성에 대해 논의하였다. 상악 제2유구치의 치관 형태를 관찰함으로써 부가치근의 존재 가능성을 의심할 수 있으며, 부가치근이 존재하는 경우 영구 계승치의 맹출 양상을 주의 깊게 관찰해야 할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 만약 소구치 치배가 비정상적인 맹출 양상을 보인다면 선행 유치의 조기 발거 및 공간유지가 보존적인 치료법이 될 수 있다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of reduced nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertigation as additional fertilizer on tomato yield and nutrient contents in excessively nutrients-accumulated soil. Shoot and root dry weights (DW), dry matter rate for shoot, root and fruit and number of fruit in both AF50 and AF100 (50 and 100% levels of additional fertilizer) treatments were increased in comparison with those in AF0 (0% level of additional fertilizer) treatment. In case of nutrient uptake by tomato, nitrogen, phosphorous (P) and potassium contents in all tomato parts (leaf, stem, root and fruit) in AF50 and AF100 treatment were lower than those in AF0 treatment. On the contrary, soluble sugar and starch contents in all tomato parts in AF50 and AF100 were higher than those in AF0 treatment. There were differences between AF0 and AF50 or AF100 in tomato growth, yield, nutrient level and contents of soluble sugar and starch. In contrast, the level and initiation point of fertigation did not significantly affect the parameters. Based on our results, the application of properly reduced level of additional fertilizer is possible to maintain the productivity of tomato and alleviate the nutrient accumulation in plastic film house soils.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2020

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical benefit of additional toothbrushing accompanying non-surgical periodontal treatment on oral and general health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We conducted a doubled-blind randomized controlled trial in 60 T2DM patients between June 2013 and June 2014. The patients were randomly assigned to the scaling and root planing (SRP) group; the scaling and root planing with additional toothbrushing (SRPAT) group, in which additional toothbrushing was performed by toothpick methods; or the control group. Microbiological and oral examinations were performed for up to 12 weeks following treatment. Non-surgical treatment was conducted in the experimental groups. The SRP group received scaling and root planing and the SRPAT group received additional toothbrushing with the Watanabe method once a week from the first visit through the fifth visit. The primary outcomes were changes in haemoglobin A1c (or glycated haemoglobin; HbA1c) levels, serum endotoxin levels, and interleukin-1 beta levels. Periodontal health status was measured by periodontal pocket depth, the calculus index, and bleeding on probing (BOP). Results: Both the SRP and SRPAT groups showed improvements in periodontal health and HbA1c, but the SRPAT group showed significantly less BOP than the SRP group. Furthermore, only the SRPAT group showed a statistically significant decrease in serum endotoxin levels. Conclusions: Non-surgical periodontal treatment was effective in improving HbA1c and serum endotoxin levels in T2DM patients. Furthermore, non-surgical treatment with additional tooth brushing had a more favourable effect on gingival bleeding management. Trial RegistrationClinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT000416.

• 치과방사선
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 1993

저자들은 평행촬영법으로 촬영된 총 6,082명(남자 2,918명, 여자 3,164명)의 구내전악 표준방사선사진을 판독하여 하악 제1대구치와 소구치에서 과잉치근이 발생된 경우를 조사하고 성별, 발생률, 발생부위를 분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 하악 제1대구치에서 과잉치근의 발생은 9.32%였으며, 남성은 11.35%, 여성은 7.46%으로서 여성에 비해 남성에서의 발생률이 더 높았다. 양측성으로 발생된 경우는 4.26%이었다. 2. 하악 소구치에서 과잉치근의 발생은 3.57%이었으며, 남성은 4.28%, 여성은 2.91%으로서 여성에 비해 남성에서의 발생률이 더 높았다. 제1소구치에서 양측성으로 발생된 경우는 1.53%이었다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the apical root canal system of maxillary second molars, in which conventional endodontic treatment had failed. Materials and Methods: One hundred eighteen extracted endodontically failed maxillary second molars were examined to investigate the root canal morphology using clinical photographs. High-resolution cross-sectional images at the 3mm level from the root apices were taken to evaluate the anatomic variations and canal cleanliness. The incidence of anatomic variations and canals containing debris were evaluated statistically. Results: One (0.85%) maxillary second molar had four separate roots, while 52 (44.07%) had three separate roots. The remaining 65 (55.08%) showed 6 different types of fusion in their roots. As the number of fused roots increased from none to three, the incidence of isthmuses in the cross-sectional images increased significantly from 43.40% to 76.92% in 2-root fusion and 88.46% in 3-root fusion. In addition, the occurrence of less-cleansed canals increased from 22.64% to 38.46% and 53.85%, respectively (p<0.05). Sixty four teeth (54.24%) had 3 canals while 38(32.2%) had additional canals; most of them were located in the MB roots (81.58%). Seventy six (64.41%) had isthmuses in the apical region and 58 out of 76 were located in MB roots. Condlusions: Logistic analysis indicated that the less division of roots was associated significantly with the occurrence of insufficient cleaning during endodontic treatment (OR=1.765, p<0.05), while the presence of an additional canal showed no association.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.524-529
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• 2016

Controlling the production of diverse cell/tissue types is essential for the development of multicellular organisms such as animals and plants. The Arabidopsis thaliana root, which contains distinct cells/tissues along longitudinal and radial axes, has served as an elegant model to investigate how genetic programs and environmental signals interact to produce different cell/tissue types. In the root, a series of asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) give rise to three ground tissue layers at maturity (endodermis, middle cortex, and cortex). Because the middle cortex is formed by a periclinal (parallel to the axis) ACD of the endodermis around 7 to 14 days post-germination, middle cortex formation is used as a parameter to assess maturation of the root ground tissue. Molecular, genetic, and physiological studies have revealed that the control of the timing and extent of middle cortex formation during root maturation relies on the interaction of plant hormones and transcription factors. In particular, abscisic acid and gibberellin act synergistically to regulate the timing and extent of middle cortex formation, unlike their typical antagonism. The SHORT-ROOT, SCARECROW, SCARECROW-LIKE 3, and DELLA transcription factors, all of which belong to the plant-specific GRAS family, play key roles in the regulation of middle cortex formation. Recently, two additional transcription factors, SEUSS and GA- AND ABA-RESPONSIVE ZINC FINGER, have also been characterized during ground tissue maturation. In this review, we provide a detailed account of the regulatory networks that control the timing and extent of middle cortex formation during post-embryonic root development.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2016

목적: 임플란트가 대중화 되어 있는 시대에서 치근절제술의 다양한 적용사례와, 장기적 관점에서 보철 치료 또는 임플란트 치료에 있어 긍정적인 부가적 효과를 소개하고자 한다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 본 연구는 다양한 원인으로 치근절제술을 시행한 증례들의 임상적, 방사선학적 평가를 통해, 치근절제술의 부가적 효용을 평가하였다. 결과: 모든 증례에서 부작용 보고 없이, 양호한 치료결과를 보여주었고, 장기적으로 잘 유지되고 있다. 다근치에서 유지하는 치근 주변의 치조제는 잘 보존되고, 절제된 치근부의 치조제는 양호한 회복을 보여주었다. 결론: 손상된 치주조직을 가진 임상증례에서, 다양한 치료 접근법에 대한 고려가 필요하며, 차후 임플란트를 대비한 치조제 회복을 도모하는데, 치근절제술의 부가적인 장점이 있을 것이다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.34-34
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• 2019

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.88-88
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• 2019