• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.107-123
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 선행요인인 서번트 리더십, 매개요인인 리더에 대한 신뢰, 그리고 결과요인인 리더만족, 추가적 노력 사이에 어떠한 관계가 있는지에 대한 모형을 제시하고 이들 요인 상호간의 관련성을 검증해 보고자 한다. 실증분석을 위한 측정대상은 서울, 경주, 부산 대구 지역의 특1급 관광호텔 종사원으로 한정하였으며, 특히 호텔종사원을 측정대상으로 한 것은 호텔 조직이 리더와 구성원간의 행동반응이 민감하게 나타나므로 본 연구의 유용성을 정확하게 판별하기 위해서이다. 본 연구에서는 서번트 리더십에 대한 기초이론을 체계화하였고 다음으로 서번트 리더십 관련 기존 연구에서는 서번트 리더십에 대한 요인구조를 제시하여 주지 못하고 있으나, 본 연구에서는 호텔종사원을 대상으로 서번트 리더십의 요인구조를 탐색적으로 보여 주었다는 점이고 또한 호텔기업의 인사관리자의 입장에서 리더십 프로그램을 분별하는데 있어 하나의 기준이 될 수 있다. 특히, 신입사원의 서번트 리더십을 배양하기 위해서는 서번트 리터십의 하위 행동특성이라고 할 수 있는 도덕성과 자긍심 정도는 검증해 볼 필요가 있다. 그리고 조직의 목표를 효과적으로 달성하기 위한 중간관리자의 변화를 위해 서번트 리더십 육성프로그램을 개발하는데 사용될 수 있다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.230-239
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the dietary patterns (DPs) of women during pregnancy. The present study aimed to identify the DPs of pregnant Malaysian women and their associations with socio-demographic, obstetric, and anthropometric characteristics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 737 participants enrolled in Seremban Cohort Study between 2013 and 2015. Food consumption was assessed using a validated 126-food item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) at four time-points, namely, pre-pregnancy and at each trimester (first, second, and third). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify DPs. RESULTS: Three DPs were identified at each time point and designated DP 1-3 (pre-pregnancy), DP 4-6 (first trimester), DP 7-9 (second trimester) and DP 10-12 (third trimester). DP 1, 4, and 7 appeared to be more prudent diets, characterized by higher intakes of nuts, seeds & legumes, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, eggs, fruits, and milk & dairy products. DP 2, 5, 8, and 11 had greater loadings of condiments & spices, sugar, spreads & creamer, though DP 2 had additional sweet foods, DP 5 and 8 had additional oils & fats, and DP 11 had additional tea & coffee, respectively. DP 3 and 6 were characterized by high protein (poultry, meat, processed, dairy, eggs, and fish), sugars (mainly as beverages and sweet foods), and energy (bread, cereal & cereal products, rice, noodles & pasta) intakes. DP 9 had additional fruits. However, DP 12 had greater loadings of energy foods (bread, cereal & cereal products, rice, noodles & pasta), sugars (mainly as beverages, and sweet foods), and good protein sources (eggs, nuts, seeds & legumes). Malays were more likely to have lower adherence (LA) for DP 1 and 10 than non-Malays. DP 2, 8, and 11 were more prevalent among Malays than non-Malays. Women with a higher education were more likely to have LA for DP 10, and women with a greater waist circumference at first prenatal visit were more likely to show LA for DP 11. CONCLUSIONS: DPs observed in the present study were substantially different from those reported in Western populations. Information concerning associations between ethnicity, waist circumference and education with specific DPs before and throughout pregnancy could facilitate efforts to promote healthy dietary behavior and the overall health and well-being of pregnant women.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.125-138
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to explore the types of mother's language and literacy information as they collaborated to write a letter during a 10-minute session. Subjects of the study consisted of 60 mothers and their children 10 boys and 10 girls each at the age of 3,4 and 5 The mothers' teaching language was analyzed on the basis of hoffman(1987)'s study and the types of information thant mothers and children exchanged during writing letters was analyzed by Burns and Casbergue (1992)'s categories. Frequency percentages and χ2 tests were used to analyze the data. The resuls of this study were as follows. 1. The types of the mothers' teaching language from the most to the least were mother-initiated statements mother-initiated questions and mother's responses to child's efforts. There were significant differences according to children's age in mothers' language. In the mother-initiated questions request questions were used most frequently and followed by interrogation questions and invitation questions next. The statements initiated by mothers were directive comments informative comments supportive comments insistence comments and invitation comments in order. Mothers' responses to child's efforts were corrects/controls additional cues confirmation promotion and praise in order. In all three types of the teaching language significant promotion and praise in order. In all three types of the teaching language significant differences were found according to children's age. 2. The types of information about writing were spelling content off task/preparation mechanical conventions and conceptual meaning of writing in order. Significant differences were found according to children's age. In the age group of 4-and 5-year-olds the mothers exchanged more information about spelling than the mothers of 3-years-olds who frequently used information about content and off task or preparation of writing the letter.

• 복식
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• 제34권
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• pp.135-150
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to inves-tigate the economic performance of the textile industry for the Korean traditional clothes. The content of this paper had two pars; The first part was for the macroeconomic aspects such as location production employments and the produc-tion facilities of the textile industries. The second part was for the microeconomic aspects such as business type branding method fabric type R&D efforts sourc-ing and the distributional channel The major results were as follows: 1.) Most textile firms for the korean traditional clothes were located in Gongju for man-made fibers and in Jinju for silk fabrics. 2) The size of the textile industry in terms of the number of business produc-tion amount the number of employee de-creased during 1994 and 1995 due to the decreasing demand. 3) Over the half of the textile firms produced raw fabric products while only 20% of them were involved in additional dyeing and /or printing finish which re-sulted in low value added production 4) The R&D effort of the textile indus-try for the Korean traditional clothes was very low due to the market uncertainty lack of technological knowledge and most of all small size of the firms 5) Most raw materials for the textile in -dustry were imported with high(25%) tariff rates resulting in price increase and thus low competitiveness in the market. 6) The textile producers sole about the 70% of their products to the wholesalers while selling the rest to the retailers di-rectly. This showed the dual structure of the distribution channel in the textile products. These results suggested some implica-tions for the firms the policy makers and the researchers. The firms should develop new and improved products to increase and create consumer demand by intensive R&D efforts. The government policy ma-kers should give financial supports the firms with R&D investment and legal help such as lowing tariff rate for the raw ma-terials. The researchers from the academy could help the textile industry with the advanced technological knowledge and up-date information for the consumer fashion demand.

• 소프트웨어공학소사이어티 논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

최근 무기체계에서 소프트웨어가 차지하는 비중이 증가함에 따라 소프트웨어 개발환경 또한 매우 다양해지고 있다. 무기체계 소프트웨어 분야에서는 국방 규격자료로 소프트웨어 기술문서, 소프트웨어 소스코드, 소프트웨어 실행파일을 제출하도록 하고 있다. 국방 규격을 통해 소프트웨어 실행파일을 재생성하기 위한 소프트웨어 파일목록 및 개발환경을 문서화하도록 요구하고 있다. 하지만 연구개발 종료 후 해당 규격자료를 기반으로 소프트웨어 실행파일을 생성하기 위해서는 기술문서에 작성된 개발환경 정보를 참고하여 개발환경 재구축 등의 추가적인 노력이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 가상화 기술을 활용하여 소프트웨어 규격자료의 품질을 향상하는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 통해 소프트웨어 개발환경 재구축에 대한 노력 절감 및 개발환경 단종으로 인한 문제를 해결할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2012

Background: The C-arm fluoroscope is known as the most important equipment in pain interventions. This study was conducted to investigate the completion rate of education on radiation safety, the knowledge of radiation exposure, the use of radiation protection, and so on. Methods: Unsigned questionnaires were collected from the 27 pain physicians who applied for the final test to become an expert in pain medicine in 2011. The survey was composed of 12 questions about the position of the hospital, the kind of hospital, the use of C-arm fluoroscopy, radiation safety education, knowledge of annual permissible radiation dose, use of radiation protection, and efforts to reduce radiation exposure. Results: In this study, although most respondents (93%) had used C-arm fluoroscopy, only 33% of the physicians completed radiation safety education. Even though nine (33%) had received education on radiation safety, none of the physicians knew the annual permissible radiation dose. In comparing the radiation safety education group and the no-education group, the rate of wearing radiation-protective glasses or goggles and the use of radiation badges or dosimeters were significantly higher in the education group. However, in the use of other protective equipment, knowledge of radiation safety, and efforts to reduce radiation exposure, there were no statistical differences between the two groups. Conclusions: The respondents knew very little about radiation safety and had low interest in their radiation exposure. To make the use of fluoroscopy safer, additional education, as well as attention to and knowledge of practices of radiation safety are required for pain physicians.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2011

Objectives: The questionnaire of occupational stress index (OSI) has been popular in the workplace, and it has been tailored for bus drivers in Taiwan. Nevertheless, its outcomes for participants are based on self-evaluations, thus validation by their physiological stress biomarker is warranted and this is the main goal of this study. Methods: A cross-sectional study of sixty-three city bus drivers and fifty-four supporting staffs for comparison was conducted. Questionnaire surveys, 24-hour urine cortisol testing, and blood draws for dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) testing were performed. The measured concentrations of these biological measures were logarithmically transformed before the statistical analysis where various scores of stressor factors, moderators, and stress effects of each OSI domain were analyzed by applying multiple linear regression models. Results: For drivers, the elevated 24-hour urine cortisol level was associated with a worker's relationship with their supervisor and any life change events in the most recent 3 months. The DHEA-S level was higher in drivers of younger age as well as drivers with more concerns relating to their salary and bonuses. Non-drivers showed no association between any stressor or satisfaction and urine cortisol and blood DHEA-S levels. Conclusion: Measurements of biomarkers may offer additional stress evaluations with OSI questionnaires for bus drivers. Increased DHEA-S and cortisol levels may result from stressors like income security. Prevention efforts towards occupational stress and life events and health promotional efforts for aged driver were important anti-stress remedies.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2022

Fisheries is known as a high-risk industry in Korea, and various efforts have been made to reduce occupational accidents. Trap fisheries represent crustacean production, accounting for 4.7% of total fisheries production and 10.7% of its production value, which is classified as a relatively high-risk industry. With the disaster insurance payment data of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives (NFFC) from 2016 to 2020, the accident rate of the entire fishery, the accident rate of trap fisheries, and the type of disasters in the past five years were analyzed. As a result, the average fishery accident rate for the past five years was 5.31%, but it was high at 6.15% for coastal trap fisheries and 5.59% for offshore trap fisheries. Slips and trips, struck by objects and contact with machinery were the most common types of the accident according to the characteristics of the work, and hand injuries were analyzed the most. Additional efforts, including education for accident prevention, development of personal protective equipment and improvement of the working environment, are needed to prevent accidents caused by repeated types of disasters.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant surge in glove usage, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Despite efforts to ensure the quality and safety of gloves, glove-associated skin diseases such as hand dermatitis have become ubiquitous, particularly among health care workers. This review discusses the prevalence, causes, and risk factors of hand dermatitis, as well as research efforts in medical gloves in the past decade to overcome glove-related hand dermatitis. Research papers from 2013 to 2022 were reviewed, selecting only 49 relevant papers from the Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus databases. The average prevalence of hand dermatitis among health care workers increased from 21.08% to 37.24% upon the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The cases are likely due to allergies to latex proteins, rubber additives, and accelerators commonly found in gloves. Using alternatives to latex gloves, such as accelerator-free and latex-free glove options, can help reduce allergy-induced hand dermatitis. Strict hand hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing and the use of sanitizers, are also contributing factors in contracting hand dermatitis. Over the past decade, glove research advancements have focused mainly on reducing or immobilizing latex proteins. These include the use of biodegradable dialdehyde, sodium alginate, arctigenin, bromelain, papain, UV-LED, prototype photoreactors, and structure-modified nanosilica with silane A174. Two effective hand dermatitis preventive measures, i.e. an additional layer of glove liners and the use of gentle alcohol-based hand sanitizer, were recommended. These advancements represent promising steps towards mitigating hand dermatitis risks associated with glove usage.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2013

Background: This study designed to evaluate the homogeneity of Korean diagnosis related group (KDRG) version 3.4 classification system. Methods: The total 5,921,873 claims data submitted to the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service during 2010 were used. Both coefficient of variation (CV) and reduction in variance of cost were measured for evaluation. This analysis was divided into before and after trimming outliers at the level of adjacent DRG (ADRG), aged ADRG (AADRG) split by age, and DRG split by complication and comorbidity. Results: At the each three level of ADRG, AADRG, and DRG, there were 38.9%, 38.7%, and 30.0% of which had a CV > 100% in the untrimmed data and there were 1.4%, 1.4%, and 1.9% in the trimmed one. Before trimming outliers, ADRGs explained 52.5% of the variability in resource use, AADRGs did 53.1% and DRGs did 57.1%. The additional explanatory power by age and comorbidity and complication (CC) split were 0.6%p and 4.6%p for each, which were statistically significant. After trimming outliers, ADRGs explained 75.2% of the variability in resource use, AADRGs did 75.6%, and DRGs did 77.1%. The additional explanatory power were 0.4%p and 2.0%p for each, which were statistically significant too. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that KDRG showed high homogeneity within groups and performance after trimming outliers. But there were DRGs CV > 100% after age or CC split and the most contributing factor to high performance of KDRG was the ADRG rather than age or CC split. Therefore, it is recommended that the efforts for improving clinical homogeneity of KDRG such as review of the hierarchical structure of classification systems and classification variables.