• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.3
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• pp.241-265
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• 2017

This study was conducted to propose anti-stigma strategies by verifying the social stigma on behavioral addiction under the premise that social stigma is a main obstacle to the treatment of addiction. A research model was constructed by applying the attribution affection theory and the modified attribution affection theory, which are very useful for explaining emotional and behavioral responses to the persons with mental illness. In other words, when attributing the causes of behavioral addiction to the personally controllable things such as personality, will and lifestyle, social distance can be increased by the mediate of anger. However, when attributing the causes of behavioral addiction to biological factors that can not be controlled by an individual, there can exist two pathway, one is the arising of helping behaviors by the mediate of sympathy (the attribution affection theory), and the other is the aggravation in the social distance due to rising fear (the modified attribution affection theory). In order to verify the research model, 383 adult subjects mainly in South Gyeongsang Province were randomly presented with the vignettes of gambling addiction and internet game addiction, and asked about the causes of the problems and their emotional, prejudicial, and behavioral responses to them. As a result, all pathway had statistically significant predictive effect. Therefore, in the case of attributing to personal causes, social distance increased by the mediate of anger. In the case of attributing to biological causes, both pathway had significant predictive effect, but the indirect effect of the pathway predictive of the helping behavior by the mediate of sympathy was greater. Researchers suggested that anti-stigma strategies, which emphasize that behavioral addiction is a mental health problem requiring treatment, are necessary.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1551-1560
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• 2017

The aim of this review is to analyze the trend of using Virtual Reality (VR) in addiction treatment by categorizing the types of addictions and methods of Virtual Reality Therapy (VRT) for substance use disorders. VR has been utilized as a new paradigm for treating various mental and psychological problems. In recent years, a number of researches have been done to demonstrate the effectiveness of VRT for addiction treatment, specifically substance use disorders. In order to comprehend the tendency of these researches, the current study performed a systematic review of published book and journal articles using the following bibliographical databases: ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, ProQuest, and Embase. Forty-five (45) articles were retrieved; out of these researches, nicotine/smoking has garnered the highest number of studies (73%, n=33); alcohol (18%, n=8); cannabis/marijuana (2%, n=1); and other drugs such as heroin, cocaine and methamphetamine (7%, n=3). This paper analyzed the results of those studies, found some limitations as well as strengths, and made suggestions for further research on VRT for addiction treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2017

Information ethics, which is closely related to changes that occur in information technology, had been comprised of one unit ever since the curriculum was revised in 2007 from whence 'informatics' was established as the first course, and has remained so even after the curriculum was revised in 2015. The purpose of this study was to analyze the degree of content knowledge required of informatics teachers who will teach information ethics by distinguishing the subject from general ethics, and to grasp the status of information ethics education at graduate schools of education. In order to achieve this, the information ethics questions of the informatics teacher appointment exam from years 2002 to 2015 were analyzed as well as the curriculums of 32 graduate schools of education. The results of the study revealed that, first, questions related to information ethics were included in 10 exams, since the 2004 exam. Second, questions related to dysfunction were mainly addressed from the beginning of administering the exam but since 2010 many items related to copyrights, information security, and various addictions were added. Third, 11(33%) of the 32 graduate schools of education with informatics teacher training provide information ethics courses. This study is meaningful in that it will help to better understand the changes needed to update the information ethics related questions of the informatics teacher appointment exam, and to present a direction for information ethics education at graduate schools of education.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2011

Highly enriched oxygen is used in energy-efficient combustion due to decreased non-flammable nitrogen, while high purity nitrogen is used for explosion proof in the LNG ships and keeping the freshness of green stuffs. Membrane technology can be used in these $O_2$ and $N_2$ generation with low energy consumption. In this study, PES was used as a membrane material and 1-methyl-2-pyrollidone (NMP) and acetone were employed as a good solvent and nonsolvent addictive (swelling agent to PES), respectively. Dope solutions were prepared by changing the content of acetone (0, 6.5, 15, 25, 31.5 wt%) in 37 wt% PES solutions. Hollow fiber spinning was performed at 0~10 cm of air-gap distances for each dope solution. $O_2/N_2$ selectivity and permeability were investigated by comparing of hollow fibers coated or not by silicons. $O_2/N_2$ selectivity increased and permeance of $O_2$ and $N_2$ decreased with increasing air-gap height independently of acetone addictions. Optimized PES hollow fibers were obtained with 37/6.5/56.5 wt% PES/acetone/NMP dope solution and 10 cm air-gap, which showed 7.3 of $O_2/N_2$ selectivity and 4.3 GPU of $O_2$ permeability after silicon coating.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.659-674
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to verify the path of the motivation, the flow, and problem gambling and intervention points. To this end, we verified the mediation effect of the motivation of the users outside sales offices influences the problem gambling through a flow and the moderated mediation effect of the frequency of the use of a bicycle racing tracks in that process. A total of 411 cases were analyzed using surveys conducted for one day on a weekday and weekend (September 13th and 15th 2018) for adults using an outside sales office in Jangan. According to the analysis, the causality of gambling by gambling motivation(amusement, excitement, avoidance, society, money) showed its effect positively by mediating the flow. The adjusted effect of the frequency of the use on the intermediary effect of the motivation ${\rightarrow}$ flow ${\rightarrow}$ problem gambling behavior, which is the main concern of this study, was found to be statistically significant. More specifically, the effect of adjusting the frequency of the use was statistically significant in both paths: motivation/flow and flow/problem gambling. It was also shown that, in the model with excitement, avoidance and social motivation, the adjustment of the frequency was only significant in the causal relationship between the flow and problem gambling. Based on these findings, this study made clinical and policy suggestions for intervention for gamblers and user protection regulations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.242-251
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• 2021

This study investigates the effects of availability and accessibility on an individual's risk of developing a gambling problem. A total of 24 off-track betting facilities located in 12 districts of Seoul were examined in an effort to identify any association between their presence and citizens' gambling habits. Study participants included 1,490 online recruits residing in Seoul who participated in gambling activities in the 12 months prior to the study. To examine the differences in addiction rates and gambling frequency, a survey of demographics, gambling addictions, and gambling frequency divided the participants into two groups: those who resided in a district where off-track betting facilities were available, and those who resided elsewhere. Analysis results indicate that gambling frequency and addiction rates were significantly higher among participants residing in a district where off-track betting terminals are available. Additional analysis was performed with participants who mainly gambled on horse racing, with results similar to the previous analysis-significantly higher rates of gambling addiction and frequency were observed among participants residing in close proximity to off-track betting facilities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.580-595
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• 2022

This study looked at the relationship between lifestyle choices and various substance addictions in young adults by applying the Relapse Prevention model of addiction. The data was obtained from a cross-sectional questionnaire (Depression and Anxiety Assessment Test) of 926 young adults aged 18~24 from 24 countries. Of these, 17.6% reported that they had a serious substance addiction, with alcohol addiction being the highest (11.2%), followed by nicotine (10.3%) and illicit drug (8.7%) usage. Results of chi-square test and logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between various lifestyle factors (exercise patterns, intake of dietary nutrients like tryptophan, folic acid, omega-3 fatty acids and micronutrients, spiritual habits such as Bible reading and prayer) and addiction to various substances (illicit drugs, alcohol and nicotine). Depression was also found to be a significant factor influencing substance addiction. Interestingly, the risk of alcohol abuse was the highest at 9.870 (95% CI: 4.525-21.525) times among those who didn't have the habit of daily Bible reading. The highest risk of nicotine and illicit drug addiction was among those who consumed 'less than 1 serving' of dietary micronutrients per day compared to those who consumed '5 or more servings', with odds ratios of 9.606(95% CI: 2.726-30.111) and 8.642(95% CI: 2.022-37.378), respectively. These findings suggest that holistic lifestyle interventions may help prevent and reduce substance addiction in young adults.