• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1146-1151
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• 2003

In this paper, results of an analysis of driving behavior characteristics and a driver-adaptive control algorithm for adaptive cruise control systems have been described. The analysis has been performed based on real-world driving data. The vehicle longitudinal control algorithm developed in our previous research has been extended based on the analysis to incorporate the driving characteristics of the human drivers into the control algorithm and to achieve natural vehicle behavior of the adaptive cruise controlled vehicle that would feel comfortable to the human driver. A driving characteristic parameters estimation algorithm has been developed. The driving characteristics parameters of a human driver have been estimated during manual driving using the recursive least-square algorithm and then the estimated ones have been used in the controller adaptation. The vehicle following characteristics of the adaptive cruise control vehicles with and without the driving behavior parameter estimation algorithm have been compared to those of the manual driving. It has been shown that the vehicle following behavior of the controlled vehicle with the adaptive control algorithm is quite close to that of the human controlled vehicles. Therefore, it can be expected that the more natural and more comfortable vehicle behavior would be achieved by the use of the driver adaptive cruise control algorithm.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2006

A vehicle adaptive cruise control strategy based on human drivers' driving characteristics has been investigated. Human drivers driving characteristics have been analyzed using vehicle test data obtained from 125 participants. The control algorithm has been designed to incorporate the driving characteristics of the human drivers and to achieve natural vehicle behavior of the controlled vehicle that would reduce the workload of the human driver. Vehicle following characteristics of the cruise controlled vehicle have been compared to real-world driving radar sensor data of human drivers using a validated vehicle simulator. and compare nominal cruise control and adaptive cruise control.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2006

Nowadays, with the advancement of computers, computer simulation linked with VR (Virtual Reality) technology has become a useful method for designing the automotive driving system. In this paper, the VR simulation system was developed to investigate the driving performances of the ASV (Advanced Safety Vehicle) equipped with an ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) system. For this purpose, VR environment which generates visual and sound information of the vehicle, road, facilities, and terrain was organized for the realistic driving situation. Mathematical models of vehicle dynamic analysis, which includes the ACC algorithm, have been constructed for computer simulation. The ACC algorithm modulates the throttle and the brake functions of vehicles to regulate their speeds so that the vehicles can keep proper spacing. Also, the real-time simulation algorithm synchronizes vehicle dynamics simulation with VR rendering. With the developed VR simulation system, several scenarios are applied to evaluate the adaptive cruise controlled vehicle for various driving situations.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2004

Nowadays, to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the automotive driving system, the computer simulation linked up with VR(Virtual Reality) technology is treated as the useful method with the improvement of computing ability. In this paper, the VR simulation system has been developed to investigate the driving characteristics of the ASV(Advanced Safety Vehicle) equipped with an ACC(Adaptive Cruise Control) system. For the purpose, VR environment which generates 3D graphic and sound information of the vehicle, the road, the facilities, and the terrain has been organized for the driving reality. Mathematical models of vehicle dynamic analysis including the ACC model have been constructed for computer simulation. The ACC modulates the throttle and brake functions to regulate the vehicle speed so that vehicles could keep proper spacing. Also, the real-time simulation algorithm synchronizes vehicle dynamic simulation with the graphic rendering. With the developed VR simulation system, simple scenarios are applied to analyze the dynamic characteristics. It is shown that the VR simulation system could be useful to evaluate the adaptive cruise controlled vehicle on various driving conditions.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.619-624
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• 2006

This paper presents design of a vehicle stop-and-go cruise control strategy based on analyzed results of the manual driving data. Human drivers driving characteristics have been investigated using vehicle driving data obtained from 100 participants on low speed urban traffic ways. The control algorithm has been designed to incorporate the driving characteristics of the human drivers and to achieve natural vehicle behavior of the controlled vehicle that would feel comfortable to the human driver under low speed stop-and-go driving conditions. Vehicle following characteristics of the cruise controlled vehicle have been investigated using a validated vehicle simulator and real driving radar sensor data.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.717-722
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• 2003

A driving simulator is a computer-controlled tool to study an interface between a driver and vehicle response by enabling the driver to participate in judging vehicle characteristics. Using the driving simulator, human factor study, vehicle system development and other research can be effectively done under controllable, reproducible and non-dangerous conditions. An Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system is generally regarded as a system that can be achieved in the near future without the demanding infrastructure components and technologies. ACC system is an automatic vehicle following system with no human engagement in the longitudinal vehicle direction. And the influence of the driver is substantial in developing the system. Driving characteristic is very different according to the accident riskiness, gender, age and so on. In this research, experiments have been carried out to investigate driving characteristics with the ACC system, using a driving simulator. Participants are 21 male and 19 female. Driving characteristics such as preferred headway-time, lane keeping ability, eye direction, and head movement have been observed and compared between the driving with ACC and the driving without ACC.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.202-213
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• 1999

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is one of key features on intelligent Transportation System(ITS). In ACC, the steering is done by a driver, but the engine throttle valve and the brake are controlled electronically. The relative velocity and distance from the preceeding vehicle are measured by radars or image processing units and relevant vehicular spacing is maintained in ACC control systems. In this study, vehicle longitudinal dynamics are modeled to simulate vehicle longitudinal maneuver and to design longtitudinal controllers for ACC vehicles. The control algorithm is designed based on the modeled vehicle longitudinal dynamics using a non-linear sliding mode control method. To verity the performance of the control algorithm, a real time numerical simulation program is developed on a Silicon Graphics workstation using C-language . A real time graphic program is alos develpe and integrated with the numerical simulation program.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.993-1000
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• 2005

A vehicle cruise control strategy designed based on human drivers driving characteristics has been investigated. Human drivers driving patterns have been investigated using vehicle driving test data obtained from 125 participants. The control algorithm has been designed to incorporate the driving characteristics of the human drivers and to achieve natural vehicle behavior of the controlled vehicle that would feel comfortable to the human driver. Vehicle following charac­teristics of the cruise controlled vehicle have been investigated using real-world vehicle driving test data and a validated simulation package.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2006

As an important and relatively easy to implement technology for realizing Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS), Adaptive Cruise Control(ACC) automatically adjusts vehicle speed and distance to a preceding vehicle, thus enhancing driver comfort and safety. One of the key issues associated with ACC development is usability and user acceptance. Control parameters in ACC should be optimized in such a way that the system does not conflict with driving behavior of the driver and further that the driver feels comfortable with ACC. A driving simulator is a comprehensive research tool that can be applied to various human factor studies and vehicle system development in a safe and controlled environment. This study investigated driving behavior with ACC for drivers with different driving styles using the driving simulator. The ACC simulation system was implemented on the simulator and its performance was evaluated first. The Driving Style Questionnaire(DSQ) was used to classify the driving styles of the drivers in the simulator experiment. The experiment results show that, when driving with ACC, preferred headway-time was 1.5 seconds regardless of the driving styles, implying consistency in driving speed and safe distance. However, the lane keeping ability reduced, showing the larger deviation in vehicle lateral position and larger head and eye movement. It is suggested that integration of ACC and lateral control can enhance driver safety and comfort even further.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.312-313
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• 2010

In this paper, the ACC(Adaptive Cruise Control) method of Electric Vehicle using sliding mode controller is proposed. The IPMSM is safely controlled as safe distance using distance sensor at front of vehicle. The speed of EV is controlled to ensure safe distance using sliding mode controller. The sliding mode controller is suitable to apply nonlinear system like EV. In this paper, IPMSM speed control ability is verified by simulation using PSIM.