• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.169-186
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• 1993

The grassland regions of Australia, the Pacific and Asia share common latitudes albeit in opposing hemispheres. However, the environmental and socio-cultural context of pasture development in the subtropical and tropical regions of Australia, the Pacific Islands and Asia differ greatly. Successful technology transfer for improved productivity of grazing livestock is beset by three broad challenges; technical, logistical and socio-cultural. The technical challenge of defining the grassland environment and adapting known technology to local conditions can be successfully addressed by local technicians supported by a reservoir of appropriate international expertise. Logistical difficulties that impede provision of infrastructure and continuity of support services are the responsibility of indigenous organizations. Socio-cultural factors are fundamentally pervasive. These challenges, though outwardly obvious, require careful consideration by both donors and recipients of pasture technology to ensure success with pasture development for viable grazing industries.

• 음성과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2004

Packet loss, jitter, and delay in the Internet are caused mainly by the shortage of network bandwidth. It is due to queuing and routing process in the intermediate nodes of the packet network. In the Internet whose bandwidth is changing very rapidly in time depending on the number of users and data traffic, controlling the peak transmission bit-rate of a VoIP. system depending on the channel condition could be very helpful for making use of the available network bandwidth. Adapting packet size to the channel condition can reduce packet loss to improve the speech quality. It has been shown in [1] that a VoIP system with an AMR speech codec provides better speech quality than VoIP systems with fixed rate speech codecs. With the adaptive codec mode assignment. algorithm proposed in [1], in this paper, we performed the voice transmission experiments using the wireless LAN through the real Internet environment. Experimental results are analyzed and discussed with our findings.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.857-863
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• 2023

Pathogenic bacteria that colonize the human intestinal tract have evolved strategies to overcome acidic conditions when they pass through the gastrointestinal tract. Amino acid-mediated acid resistance systems are effective survival strategies in a stomach that is full of amino acid substrate. The amino acid antiporter, amino acid decarboxylase, and ClC chloride antiporter are all engaged in these systems, and each one plays a role in protecting against or adapting to the acidic environment. The ClC chloride antiporter, a member of the ClC channel family, eliminates negatively charged intracellular chloride ions to avoid inner membrane hyperpolarization as an electrical shunt of the acid resistance system. In this review, we will discuss the structure and function of the prokaryotic ClC chloride antiporter of amino acid-mediated acid resistance system.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.423-433
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• 2011

This paper introduces an adaptive and integrated utterance verification (UV) framework using minimum verification error (MVE) training as a new set of solutions suitable for real applications. UV is traditionally considered an add-on procedure to automatic speech recognition (ASR) and thus treated separately from the ASR system model design. This traditional two-stage approach often fails to cope with a wide range of variations, such as a new speaker or a new environment which is not matched with the original speaker population or the original acoustic environment that the ASR system is trained on. In this paper, we propose an integrated solution to enhance the overall UV system performance in such real applications. The integration is accomplished by adapting and merging the target model for UV with the acoustic model for ASR based on the common MVE principle at each iteration in the recognition stage. The proposed iterative procedure for UV model adaptation also involves revision of the data segmentation and the decoded hypotheses. Under this new framework, remarkable enhancement in not only recognition performance, but also verification performance has been obtained.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.827-829
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• 1999

The identification of nonlinear system using Extended GMDH(EGMDH) is studied in this paper. The proposed EGMDH algorithm is based on GMDH(Group Method of Data handling) method and its structure is similar to Neural Networks. The each node of EGMDH structure utilizes several types of high-order polynomial such as linear, quadratic and cubic, and is connected as various kinds of multi-variable inputs. As the operating condition changes, the parameters of EGMDH will also change, so the proposed scheme by means of the EGMDH method is capable of adapting rapidly to the changing environment. The simulation result shows that the simple nonlinear process can be modeled reasonably well by the proposed method which are simple but efficient.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.569-576
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• 2006

Recently, many Korean firms have been adopting $360^{\circ}$ Degree Feedback System as a way of adapting to the environmental changes in business world. The reason is that the traditional top-down way of personnel evaluation pattern can not but have many limits in this turbulent changing environment. The main purpose of this article is to depict some aspects of $360^{\circ}$ Degree Feedback System including its current status quo, its positive and negative side, and the effective ways of its improvement focusing on the railway-related "A firm".

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
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• pp.668-672
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• 2009

In wireless ad-hoc network, knowing the available bandwidth of the time varying channel is imperative for live video streaming applications. This is because the available bandwidth is varying all the time and strictly limited against the large data size of video streaming. Additionally, adapting the encoding rate to the suitable bit-rate for the network, where an overlarge encoding rate induces congestion loss and playback delay, decreases the loss and delay. While some effective rate controlling methods have been proposed and simulated well like VTP (Video Transport Protocol) [1], implementing to cooperate with the encoder and tuning the parameters are still challenging works. In this paper, we show our result of the implementation experiment of VTP based encoding rate controlling method and then introduce some techniques of our parameter tuning for a video streaming application over wireless environment.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2005

진화 하드웨어(evolvable hardware)는 재구성 가능한 디지털 회로에 진화연산이 적용되어 실시간으로 환경에 적응함으로써 필요한 기능을 자동적으로 구현하는 기술이다. 이는 하드웨어 회로의 자동설계 가능성을 열어 주었지만, 아직 복잡한 회로를 얻기에는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 진화 하드웨어의 적합도 공간을 분석하여, 다양한 개체가 동시에 진화되는 종분화 기법을 제안하고 그 효율성을 실험적으로 보인다. 또한 종분화 기법으로 얻은 다양한 회로를 분석하여 유용한 부가 기능이 창출될 수 있음을 보인다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2003

방송환경은 서버(server)와 클라이언트(client)간 대역폭이 서버에서 클라이언트 쪽으로는 크고 클라이언트에서 서버쪽으로의 대역폭은 상대적으로 많이 작은 비대칭적(asymmetric) 특수한 환경이다. 또한 대부분의 방송 환경 응용 시스템들은 클라이언트 측에서 발생한 주로 주식 데이타, 교통 정보와 새로운 뉴스와 같은 여러 가지 다양한 정보를 검색하는 읽기전용 즉 질의 거래들을 허락한다. 그러나. 기존의 여러가지 동시성 제어 기법들은 이러한 특수성을 고려하지 않음으로써 방송 환경에 적용된 때 거래들의 불필요한 철회를 일으킨다. 이 논문에서는 방송환경에서 질의 거래를 위한 효율적인 동시성 제어 기법을 제안한다. 이 기법은 서버에 의해 관리 유지되고 클라이언트에 의해 읽혀지는 데이타의 상호 일치성과 데이터의 현재성을 만족시키기에 가장 적절한 정확성 검증 기준인 약한 일치성(Weak consistency)을 채택하였다. 또한, 그것을 효율적으로 실행할 수 있도록 직렬화 그래프(serializability graph)를 이용하였다. 그 결과, 전역적 직렬화를 적용할 때 발생되는 질의 거래의 불필요한 철회 및 재시작의 횟수를 줄임으로써 성능향상을 도모하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.477-491
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• 2002

방송환경은 서버와 클라이언트간 대역폭이 서버에서 클라이언트 쪽으로는 크고 클라이언트에서 서버 쪽으로의 대역폭은 상대적으로 많이 작은 비대칭적(asymmetric) 특수한 환경이다. 또한 대부분의 방송 환경 응용 시스템들은 클라이언트 측에서 발생한 주식 데이타, 교통 정보와 새로운 뉴스와 같은 여러 가지 다양한 정보를 검색하는 주로 읽기전용 즉 질의 거래들을 허락한다. 그러나, 기존의 여러 가지 동시성 제어 기법들은 이러한 특수성을 고려하지 않음으로써 방송 환경에 적용될 때 거래들의 불필요한 철회를 일으킨다. 이 논문에서는 방송환경에서 타임스탬프 구간에 기반을 둔 낙관적 동시성 제어 기법을 제안한다. 이 기법은 서버에 외해 관리 유지되고 클라이언트에 의해 읽혀지는 데이타의 상호 일관성 데이타의 현재성을 만족시키기에 적절한 정확성 검증 기준인 약한 일관성(weak consistency)을 채택하였다. 또한, 그것을 효율적으로 실행할 수 있는 타임스탬프 구간 기법을 적용하였다. 그 결과, 전역적 직렬화를 적용할 때 발생되는 질의 거래의 불필요한 철회 및 재시작의 횟수를 줄임으로써 성능향상을 도모하였다.