• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2020

Along side with the rapid growth of local governments' advertising bills, there are few studies focused on the effectiveness of these ads. Especially one of the media being used by the local governments is the Korea Express Train (KTX), where they advertise in the train coaches' KTX video monitor. Unfortunately the ads in KTX are exposed without audio mostly. The current study, therefore, probed on the effectiveness of these ads. This study utilized transportation theory and content analysis methodology to give insight to its discourse. We established two analysis units (camera and subtitles), and then analyzed 107 local government ads. From the camera analysis, it is observed that local governments' festival and tour promotion ads more often employ dynamic angles such as drone shot and long shot. Also, from subtitles usage analysis, it is observed that many of the ads make use of large size titles and subtitles which could prevent viewers seeing visual shots. In the special case audio-less KTX ads, this study recommends emphasis on subtitles which will enhance the ad effectiveness of the ad messages.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.486-495
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the main prerequisite for Korean Advance Directives [KAD] to ensure their better use. Methods: Data were collected from two focus group interviews and individual email responses. Study participants were 5 doctors and 6 nurses. All interview data were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged; establishing a philosophy of KAD, protocol to practice KAD, and the KAD document itself. A philosophy is needed to ensure individual needs, consensus to practice AD and identify principle agents. The core of protocol was found to be as follows; 1) process, 2) premise, 3) procedure, 4) contextual preparation, 5) timing, 6) feasibility. Component and feasibility need to be established for the document itself. Conclusion: For a positive acceptance of KAD in Korean society, a culture sensitive, reality based, and user friendly AD needs to be developed.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.422-429
• /
• 2008

Mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have recently got in the limelight of the research community that is striving to build efficient and effective mobile content addressable networks. Along this line of research, we propose a new peer-to-peer file sharing protocol suited to mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). The main ingredients of our protocol are network coding and mobility assisted data propagation, i.e., single-hop communication. We argue that network coding in combination with single-hop communication allows P2P file sharing systems in MANET to operate in a more efficient manner and helps the systems to deal with typical MANET issues such as dynamic topology and intermittent connectivity as well as various other issues that have been disregarded in previous MANET P2P researches such as addressing, node/user density, non-cooperativeness, and unreliable channel. Via simulation, we show that our P2P protocol based on network coding and single-hop communication allows shorter file downloading delays compared to an existing MANET P2P protocol.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.1026-1030
• /
• 2011

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of caponization on the muscle composition, ATP-related compounds, the shear values, the taste panel scores and the muscle fiber areas of Taiwan country chicken cockerels. At 10 wks of age, cockerels were divided into two groups: caponized and untreated. Birds were fed grower and finisher diets ad libitum in an eighteen-week experimental period. Results showed that capons contained significantly greater muscle fat content, less breast and thigh muscle moisture content, shear value and muscle fiber area (p<0.05) than those of intact birds. However, neither treatment groups differed significantly (p>0.05) in breast and thigh muscle protein content. Compared with the intact birds, the capons contained significantly (p<0.05) less muscle ash content in the breasts, but did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in thigh muscle ash content. The breast muscle IMP and ATP+ADP+AMP+IMP contents in the intact birds were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in the capons. The intact birds had significantly (p<0.05) higher ATP and AMP contents than did the capons as well as significantly (p<0.05) less ADP and inosine (HxR) contents in the thigh and breast muscles. The Hypoxanthine (Hx) content of the thighs in the intact birds was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in the capons; however, there was an adverse effect on the breast muscle Hx content. The breast muscle K value in the intact birds was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that in the capons. The capons produced significantly (p<0.05) higher taste panel scores than did the intact birds for both flavor and juiciness of thigh muscle as well as for flavor and tenderness of breast muscle.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 2019

This study suggested the alternatives for improving consumers' engagement with digital signage (DS) by analyzing the researches of the effectiveness of DS in marketing and public areas, which is recognized as an essential communication tool for commercial or public matters. According to the results, affective DS ad content of DS resulted in positive shoppers' buying behaviors and perceiving buying environment; DS was also effective for public affairs, which how proper channel and message for the target public resulted in solving community problems. However, it was rare to measure precisely the level of consumers' engagement with DS content and what DS content aroused higher engagement in both areas. Thus, DS content should be more customized based on multiple converged contents for consumers' engagement and the research efforts of DS should be focused on the development of not only its device technology, but also creative content.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.337-346
• /
• 2016

We propose a data-driven kinematic control method for a robotic spatial augmented reality (RSAR) system. We assume a scenario where a robotic device and a projector-camera unit (PCU) are assembled in an ad hoc manner with loose kinematic specifications, which hinders the application of a conventional kinematic control method based on the exact link and joint specifications. In the proposed method, the kinematic relation between a PCU and joints is represented as a set of B-spline surfaces based on sample data rather than analytic or differential equations. The sampling process, which automatically records the values of joint angles and the corresponding external parameters of a PCU, is performed as an off-line process when an RSAR system is installed. In an on-line process, an external parameter of a PCU at a certain joint configuration, which is directly readable from motors, can be computed by evaluating the pre-built B-spline surfaces. We provide details of the proposed method and validate the model through a comparison with an analytic RSAR model with synthetic noises to simulate assembly errors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2007

The aim of this study was to define an arginine effect when added to a diet. The influence of arginine supplements on bone mineral density and content were studied in young female Sprague-Dawley rats fed either an arginine supplemented diet or control diet. Twenty four rats (body weight $83{\pm}5g$) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, consuming casein or casein with supplemented arginine diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA) in spine and femur 3, 6, and 9 weeks after feeding. The serum and urine concentrations of Ca and P were determined. Diet did not affect weight gain and mean food intake. The serum concentration of Ca and P were not changed by arginine supplementation. Urinary Ca excretion was significantly decreased by arginine supplementation. Spine BMD was significantly increased by arginine supplementation on 3 and 6 weeks after feeding. Femur BMD was significantly increased in the group of arginine supplementation on 3, 6, and 9 weeks. Rats fed the arginine-supplemented diet had better bone mineral content than did control diet rats in the experimental period. Therefore, arginine supplementation may be beneficial on spine and femur BMD increment in growing female rats. These are thought to be associated with an arginine-induced growth hormone release. The exact mechanism of this effect remains to be elucidated.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.193-202
• /
• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of diverse dietary Ca levels and to determine whether bone mineral metabolism is influenced by the arnount of dietary Ca when given a choice of diets containing various levels of Ca. Forty Hy-line brown laying hens housed in separate cages were fed self-selected Ca diets. Birds were allowed a 7-day adaptation period followed by an 8-day collection period. Feed and water were available for ad libitum consumption. Eggs and excreta were collected at 6-h intervals during the day for mineral analysis. The Ca contents in excreta and retained Ca in the body on egg forming day were proportional to the amount of daily Ca intake. The retained Ca in the body were 0.97 g in control and 1.24~1.74 g in self-selected groups, respectively. Daily Ca contents (%) in tibial cortex were not consistent with feeding time intervals. The Ca content in tibial medulla in control group was lower than those of self-selected feeding groups(P<.05). The medullary Ca content in all treatment groups increased from 10:00 to 16:00 in a day. Ca content in plasma was low between 10:00 and 16:00 and was high between 22:00 and 04:00 in the following day.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.285-300
• /
• 2021

On January 1, 2020, the liquor tax for beer and takju was reorganized from the ad valorem tax to the specific tax. The purpose of the reorganization of the liquor tax announced by the National Tax Service is to improve the quality of the liquor and to resolve unreasonable discrimination between domestic and imported liquor. However, it is necessary to determine whether the National Tax Service's standard for levying the liquor tax is appropriate for the purpose. In this study, the change in the liquor industry is estimated due to the reorganization of the liquor tax using Hicks net price elasticity. In addition, the specific tax for each of the liquors and the alcohol content derived from the social cost minimization model is compared. The main findings are as follows. First, when the liquor tax of beer and takju is converted to the specific tax, social costs increase, and social welfare decrease. Second, if all the liquors are converted to the specific tax, social costs decrease. Third, when comparing specific tax by each of the liquors and the alcohol content according to the social cost minimization model, The specific tax by alcohol content can be considered more appropriate in terms of social cost and the stakeholders in the liquor industry.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2007

This study has been conducted to assess blackish-water phenomena in Dam reservoir. To searching for the reason, we survey physical changes in reservoir and analyze metal and organic content in particulate materials and water. The blackish-water phenomena in lake A are occurred with turbidity increases in turnover season irregularly. It was reported on 6 Jan. 2005 weakly and the water column mixed with 35~40m depth and water temperature shows $7^{\circ}C$. The turbidity of AD and AM site increased up to 20NTU. Especially, AN site shows 27NTU, such a result makes that Dam manager conclude it to blackish-water phenomena. The results of sequential extraction analysis show that over 80% of Al, Cr and Fe is existed in residual form in sediment. On the other hand, the most part of Mn shows exchangeable and carbonates form, which have a good possibility of release to water column. Mn contents in pore waters of the sediment samples are also found to be ~4 times higher than Fe contents. The metal contents in pore water of different dam sites are in order of AN (Fe: 9.98, Mn: 40.6) > AD(8.33, 37.5) > DD(1.91, 2.55). According to the results of extracted organic materials from sediment, humic substances is occupied with over 85% in total organic carbon including 23~45% of humic acid (HA) and 0.9~8.5% of fulvic acid (FA). However, HA content in pore water is not detectable while FA contents, acid-soluble humic fractions is higher than that of sediment(10~15%). which indicating that FA is a main humic components affecting water color. The color unit per DOC of FA in pore waters of different dam sites are found to be higher in lake A than lake D. From the results, it could be suggested that blackish-water phenomena of lake A are mainly arise from higher concentration of Mn and water soluble organic fractions (e.g., FA) released from sediments as well as the strength of turnover in Dam reservoir.