• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.127-143
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the actual state of activity on domestic and foreign civil anti-disaster organizations, related suggestions, and development plans. Methods: This study used the documentary survey research method and the technical approach method. Civil anti-disaster organizations' information was derived from detailed scholarly monographs, specialty publications, and previous studies of master doctorate dissertation. Results: Volunteer Fire Department and voluntary crime prevention groups show problems related to budgetary deficits and volunteer deficiency. In order to resolve these issues, laws must be enacted to guarantee interest and support. In addition, the Citizen Corps Active in Disaster (CAIND) organization requires a dedicated salary system to address the investment of its workforce and the cost of heavy equipment. Moreover, deficiencies were revealed regarding the lack of systems in support of occupational education and training. In conclusion, several weak points require close attention. Conclusion: The results of this comparative analysis study about the domestic and foreign civil anti-disaster organizations provide insight into identity materialization and concept establishment.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.33-50
• /
• 2020

Knowledge recipes are packages of knowledge which arise from the process of combining the knowledge assets in the organization in distinctive ways. This involves converting them into useful outputs which are the ideal core competitive advantage enablers for companies. The major objective of this study was to propose a knowledge recipe for financial-sector state corporations in Kenya. The study adopted a convergent parallel mixed methods research design. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using questionnaires and key informant interviews. The target population of the study was 1574 respondents drawn from all financial state corporations. A multistage sampling technique was used for the study. The first phase involved purposive sampling of the organizations to be studied whereby the four state corporations namely: Capital Markets Authority, Competition Authority of Kenya, Kenya Investment Authority, and Kenya Revenue Authority were identified. The second phase entailed stratified sampling of the respondents in three strata namely senior management team, knowledge management team, and general staff. The authors used a census of all senior management team and knowledge management staff while a simple random sampling technique was used for the general staff. By use of the Krejcie and Morgan table, the actual sample size was 358 respondents from all the four organizations. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview schedules. The qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis while the quantitative data were analyzed by the use of Ms. Excel and VOSviewer and presented using pie charts, bar graphs, and tables. The response rate for this study was 257 (72%). The study revealed that while most employees in the financial sector organizations understand their knowledge needs, knowledge types, knowledge uses and knowledge gaps, they do not have a universal knowledge recipe to facilitate effective knowledge management in their organizations. Consequently, the authors propose a universal knowledge recipe for the state corporations in the financial sector in Kenya. The ingredients of the recipe are legal-knowledge (18%), financial knowledge (15%), administrative knowledge (11%), best practice (10%), lessons learnt (8%), human resource knowledge (8%), research and statistics knowledge (7%), product knowledge (6%), policy and procedure knowledge (5%), ICT knowledge (4%), investor knowledge (3%), markets knowledge (2%), general knowledge (2%) and regulatory framework knowledge (1%).

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제10권7호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyse the state of the energy industry and to determine the efficiency of its functioning on the basis of energy conservation principle and application of innovative technologies aimed at improving the ecological modernisation of agricultural sectors of Kazakhstan. The research methodology is based on an integrated approach of financial and economic evaluation of the effectiveness of the investment project, based on calculation of elasticity, total costs and profitability, as well as on comparative, graphical and system analysis. The current stage is characterised by widely spread restructuring processes of electric power industry in many countries through introduction of new technical installations of energy facilities and increased government regulation in order to enhance the competitive advantage of electricity market. Electric power industry features a considerable value of creating areas. For example, by providing scientific and technical progress, it crucially affects not only the development but also the territorial organisation of productive forces, first of all the industry. In modern life, more than 90% of electricity and heat is obtained by Kazakhstan's economy by consuming non-renewable energy resources: different types of coal, oil shale, oil, natural gas and peat. Therefore, it is significant to ensure energy security, as the country faces a rapid fall back to mono-gas structure of fuel and energy balance. However, energy resources in Kazakhstan are spread very unevenly. Its main supplies are concentrated in northern and central parts of the republic, and the majority of consumers of electrical power live in the southern and western areas of the country. However, energy plays an important role in the economy of industrial production and to a large extent determines the level of competitive advantage, which is a promising condition for implementation of energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies. In these circumstances, issues of modernisation and reforms of this sector in Kazakhstan gain more and more importance, which can be seen in the example of economically sustainable solutions of a large local monopoly company, significant savings in capital investment and efficiency of implementation of an investment project. A major disadvantage of development of electricity distribution companies is the prevalence of very high moral and physical amortisation of equipment, reaching almost 70-80%, which significantly increases the operating costs. For example, while an investment of 12 billion tenge was planned in 2009 in this branch, in 2012 it is planned to invest more than 17 billion. Obviously, despite the absolute increase, the rate of investment is still quite low, as the total demand in this area is at least more than 250 billion tenge. In addition, industrial infrastructure, including the objects of Kazakhstan electric power industry, have a tangible adverse impact on the environment. Thus, since there is a large number of various power projects that are sources of electromagnetic radiation, the environment is deteriorated. Hence, there is a need to optimise the efficiency of the organisation and management of production activities of energy companies, to create and implement new technologies, to ensure safe production and provide solutions to various environmental aspects. These are key strategic factors to ensure success of the modern energy sector of Kazakhstan. The contribution of authors in developing the scope of this subject is explained by the fact that there was not enough research in the energy sector, especially in the view of ecological modernisation. This work differs from similar works in Kazakhstan in the way that the proposed method of investment project calculation takes into account the time factor, which compares the current and future value of profit from the implementation of innovative equipment that helps to bring it to actual practise. The feasibility of writing this article lies in the need of forming a public policy in the industrial sector, including optimising the structure of energy disbursing rate, which complies with the terms of future modernised development of the domestic energy sector.

• 융합보안논문지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2017

공공기관에서는 보안위협에 대응하기 위해 매년 정보보안 솔루션에 투자하고 있다. 하지만 도입된 솔루션이 실제 공공기관의 정보보안 수준 향상에 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구가 미비한 상태이며, 이로 인해 공공기관에 도입된 솔루션의 투자효과에 대한 측정의 어려움 등이 발생하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문은 정보보안 솔루션의 도입 시 실제 정보보안 수준 향상에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증을 위해 전체 공공기관에 도입되어 있는 '내PC지키미' 솔루션을 중심으로 연구를 수행하였다. 분석 결과 내PC지키미 솔루션은 공공기관 사용자의 정보보안 인식향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 이로 인해 조직의 정보보안 수준이 높아진 것을 실증하였다. 또한, 솔루션 운영 시 보안 정책의 강제화 유무에 따른 보안성 향상에 대하여 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 향후 공공기관의 사용자 및 관리자들이 정보보안 솔루션 도입 시 내부 보안정책 수립과 같은 운영 프로세스 개선 방안에 활용할 수 있다.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.199-206
• /
• 2009

교통시설 투자평가에 대한 경제성 분석과 관련하여 일반적인 예비타당성조사 지침 및 투자평가지침에서 적용하는 차량운행 비용 절감편익 중 유류비 산정 자료는 차량운행시 유류소모량과 주행속도와의 관계만을 고려하여 분석하고 있다. 신호로 인한 정지지체가 발생하지 않는 연속류의 경우 주행속도와 통행시간의 변화로 인한 절감편익에 대한 고려가 가능하나, 실제 신호교차로상에 신호제어로 인해 정지가 발생하는 단속류에 대해서는 정지지체시간감소 및 정지율 개선에 대한 고려가 없어 개선 효과분석의 현실반영이 어렵다. 따라서 기존 연구에 정지지체시간감소에 따른 절감편익을 보완하여 차량운행비산정 모형 관계식을 개발함으로써 신호교차로 특성을 반영한 편익을 분석 할 수 있는 기틀을 만드는 데 본 연구의 목적을 두었다. 공회전시 유류소모량 적용으로 정지지체시간를 고려한 차량운행비용을 재정립하였고, 서산시 가로축 2개에 대한 교통신호체계 최적화사업에 적용하여 기존 모형 적용시와 개발모형 적용시 경제적 편익에 대하여 분석하였다. 도로의 혼잡지역 증가로 교통체계관리의 중요성이 부각되는 가운데 신호연동체계 개선 및 혼잡개선 사업등의 효과분석에 있어 신호교차로 특성을 고려한 경제성 분석의 모형제시를 통해 지체도 개선을 반영한 좀 더 현실적 경제성분석에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.53-69
• /
• 2019

Purpose - National scientific technology R&D investment is exceeding 60 trillion won per year, and the results of patent applications and technology transfers are visually improving. However, despite the improving research results of national R&D, the practical results of technology startups are mediocre. It is now time to expand the construction of the technology commercialization ecosystem, where the expansion of national R&D leads to the results of technology startups. Therefore, this study discussed the measures to increase the competitiveness of technology startups through the factual survey of the companies that benefitted from R&D support programs. Research design, data, and methodology - This study targeted 996 companies that benefitted from the R&D projects of the Technology Transfer Center for National R&D Programs, and deducted itemized issues through the survey replies. Survey questions were prepared to estimate the national R&D results, and the technology recognition path, the purpose of detailed introduction of the technology, investment of the commercialization fund, economic results, and the factors of success and failure were analyzed. Results - As for the recognition rate of technology during the process of corporate technology commercialization through the technology transfer, recognition through project participation showed a high response rate, and diverse implications of technology commercialization were deducted through the analysis of economic results. As for the resolution alternatives, the proliferation of technology commercialization platform that can create excellent technology for the companies in early stages and the measure of expanding the distribution of technology infrastructure were suggested. In this study, public technology commercialization strategy is established, and the innovative marketing strategy is presented. Conclusions - This study reveal that the result of creating scientific technology jobs should be deducted, in order to produce the revolutionary results of job creation by suggesting the success models of technology commercialization based on domestic scientific technology. In particular, even though the support systems for public research results are being diversely suggested, accurate studies on their actual conditions are currently lacking. Therefore, this study suggest realistic political alternatives to assure results in the process of public technology commercialization, by examining the current state of public research results of R&D support institutions and diagnosing the issues.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제22권10호
• /
• pp.526-534
• /
• 2022

국토교통부에서는 2014년 8월 국가와 민간이 따로 추진하던 교통정보의 수집과 제공에 대한 투자효율 및 효과를 극대화 시기키 위해 민·관이 역할을 분담한 ITS 혁신방안을 마련한 바 있다. 혁신방안의 주요내용은 교통정보의 민·관 공유로 소통정보는 민간이 수집하는 정보를 활용하고 국가는 공사, 사고, 기상악화 등 돌발상황과 같은 안전과 관련된 정보 수집에 집중하여 특정 지점에 설치되어 실시간 돌발 상황 제공에 한계가 있는 도로전광표지판 이외에 스마트폰, 내비게이션을 통해서도 안전과 관련된 정보를 실시간으로 제공하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 실제 공공 및 민간 교통정보 공유에 따른 국도 ITS 추진의 효율성을 기하기 위해 일반국도 교통정보제공 사례 분석을 통해 민간 교통정보를 포함한 연계 교통정보의 문제점을 분석하여 교통정보제공 정확성 향상을 위한 연계 교통정보 우선순위 조정안을 제시하였으며 기존 ITS 운영구간에 대한 교통량 수준, 연계 교통정보의 가용성 등을 분석하여 ITS 수집장비의 운영 또는 철거여부를 검토하였고 아울러 해당사례를 토대로 ITS 수집장비 설치 판단기준을 제시하였다.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 1995

In former times the protection of our environment didn't play an important role due to the fact that emissions and effluents were not considered as serious impacts. However, opinions and scientific measurements meanwhile confirmed that the impacts are more serious than expected. Thus measures to protect our earth has to be taken into consideration. A part of these measures in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). One of the most important parts of the EIA is the collection of basic datas and the following evaluation. Experience out of the daily business of Gerling Consulting Group shows that the content of the EIA has to be revised and enlarged in certain fields. The historical development demonstrated that in areas in which the population and the industrial activities reached high concentration there is a high necessity to develop strict environmental laws and regulations. Maximum values of the concentration of hazardous materials were fixed concerning the emission into and water. Companies not following these regulations were punished. The total amount of environmental offences increased rapidly during the last decade, at least in Germany. During this development the public consciousness concerning environmental affairs increased as well in the industrialized countries. But it could clearly be seen that the development in the field of environmental protection went into the wrong direction. The technologies to protect the environment became more and more sophisticated and terms as: "state of the art" guided more and more to lower emissions, Filtertechnologies and wastewater treatment for example reached a high technical level-but all these sophisticated technologies has one and the same characteristic: they were end-of-the pipe solutions. A second effect was that this kind of environmental protection costs a lot of money. High investments are necessary to reduce the dust emission by another ppm! Could this be the correct way? In Germany the discussion started that the environmental laws reduce the attractivity to invest or to enlarge existing investments within the country. Other countries seem to be not so strict with controlling the environmental laws which means it's simply cheaper to produce in Portugal or Greece. Everybody however knows that this is not the correct way and does not solve the environmental problems. Meanwhile the general picture changes a little bit and we think it changes into the correct direction "End-of-the-pipe" solutions are still necessary but this word received a real negative touch and nobody wants to be brought into connection with this word received a real negative touch and nobody wants to be brought into connection with this word especially in connection with environmental management and safety. Modern actual environmental management starts in a different way. Thoughts about emissions start in the very beginning of the production, they start with the design of the product and modification of traditional modes of production. Basis of these ideas are detailed analyses of products and processes. Due to the above mentioned facts that the public environmental consciousness changed dramatically a continous environmental improvement of each single production plant has to be guarantied. This question is already an important question of the EIA. But it was never really checked in a wholistic approach. Environmental risks have to be taken into considerations during the execution of an EIA. This means that the environmental risks have to be reduced down to a capable risk-level. Environmental risks have to be considered within the phase of planning, during the operation of a plant and after shut down. The experience shows that most of the environmental relevant accidents were and caused by human fault. Even in highly protected plants the human risk-factor can not be excluded during evaluation of the risk-potential. Thus the approach of an EIA has to regard technical evaluations as well as organizational thoughts and the human factor. An environmental risk is a threat to the environment. An analysis of the risk concerning the organizational and human aspect however never was properly executed during an EIA. A possible solution could be to use an instrument as the actual EMAS (Environmental Management System) of the EC for more accurate evaluation of the impact to the environment during an EIA. Organizations or investors could demonstrate by an approved EMAS or even by showing their installment of EMAS that not only the technical level of the planned investment meets the requested standards but as well the actual or planned management is able to reduce the environmental impact down to a bearable level.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제38권7호
• /
• pp.854-867
• /
• 2014

지속적인 유가의 상승에 따라 국제 석유 자본들의 유전개발에 대한 투자가 활발하고 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 추세에 있다. 최근 5년 동안(2008~2013)에 인도된 드릴쉽(drill-ship)은 67척으로 그 이전 30년 동안에 인도된 척수의 두 배에 이른다. 그리고 최근에는 3,000 m 내외의 심해유전 개발이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 시추 장비와 시스템이 대형화 추세에 있으며, 이들의 운전을 위한 디젤발전기의 용량이 증가하였다. 디젤발전기 용량은 일반 상선과는 달리 고출력 및 고전압이 요구되며, 이를 충족시키기 위하여 V-type 320 mm 실린더 내경의 고출력 엔진에 대한 수요가 증가하게 되었다. 드릴쉽의 경우 일반 상선 대비 선박건조 기간이 길어짐에 따라 커미셔닝 기간 중 장시간 저 부하 운전이 불가피하여 엔진 윤활유 관리의 중요성이 대두되었다. 최근에는 선박인도 전 크랭크핀에 캠마모(Cam wear)와 같은 이상마모가 발생하였으며 시리즈 호선 및 관련 호선들에 대한 크랭크핀의 전수 검사 결과 정도의 차이가 있었으나 모두 크랭크핀에 이상마모가 발생한 것이 확인되었다. 본 논문은 실제 호선에 적용된 엔진 크랭크핀의 이상마모 발생 원인에 대해 이상마모 메커니즘 분석과 실증결과 분석을 통하여 재발방지를 위한 대책 방안에 대하여 논하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제6권5호
• /
• pp.186-192
• /
• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 건설현장을 대상으로 환경오염방지시설의 설치 및 환경보전비의 운용 실태를 파악하고, 제도 개선 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 192개 건설현장을 대상으로 조사한 결과, 총 공사비 대비 환경보전비의 계상 비율은 0.59%, 그리고 실제 소요 비용은 총 공사비의 0.94% 수준으로 나타났다. 공사 규모나 현장 입지 조건 등에 따라 유의할 만한 차이점은 없었다. 환경보전비 계상 방식을 보면, 표준품셈 등에 의한 원가 계산 방식 33.6%, 총 공사비 대비 일정 요율 적용 33.7%, 미계상 14%로 나타났다. 건설현장에 설치된 환경오염방지시설을 보면, 소음 진동방지시설보다는 세륜기 방진망 등과 같은 대기 오염방지시설에 대한 투자가 더욱 높았다. 총 공사비와 환경보전비의 상관성은 r2값이 0.23 수준으로 매우 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 환경보전비 계상 방식으로는 일정 요율에 의한 방식보다는 원가 계산 방식이 확대될 필요성이 있다. 이를 위하여는 공사 종별로 설계 적산 단계에서 필수적으로 검토해야 할 환경오염방지설비에 대하여 법적인 기준을 마련하고, 시설별로 적산 기준의 제정 보급이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.