• BMB Reports
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.636-641
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• 2018

DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), a highly conserved transmembrane glycoprotein with an exo-peptidase activity, has been shown to contribute to glucose metabolism, immune regulation, signal transduction, and cell differentiation. Here, we show that DPP4 is involved in control of activin/nodal signaling in Xenopus early development. In support of this, gain of function of DPP4 augmented Smad2 phosphorylation as well as expression of target genes induced by activin or nodal signal. In addition, Dpp4 and Xnr1 showed synergistic effect on induction of ectopic dorsal body axis, when co-injected at suboptimal doses in early embryos. Conversely, saxagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor repressed activin induction of Smad2 phosphorylation. Notably, overexpression of Dpp4 disrupted specification of dorsal body axis of embryo, leading to malformed phenotypes such as spina bifida and a shortened and dorsally bent axis. Together, these results suggest that DPP4 functions as a potentiator of activin/nodal signaling pathway.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1412-1423
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• 2019

The filamentous fungus Aspergillus tubingensis that belongs to the black Aspergillus section has the capacity to produce high-value metabolites, for instance, naphtho-gamma-pyrones (NGPs). For these fungal secondary metabolites, numerous biological properties of industrial interest have been demonstrated, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-cancer capacities. It has been observed that production of these secondary metabolites is linked with fungal sporulation. The aim of this research was to apply osmotic and oxidative environmental stresses to trigger the production of NGPs in liquid cultures with CYB (Czapek Dox Broth). In addition, numerous parameters were tested during the experiments, such as pH value, incubation time, container geometry, and static and agitation conditions. Results demonstrate that the produced amount of NGPs can be enhanced by decreasing the water activity ($a_w$) or by adding an oxidative stress factor. In conclusion, this study can contribute to our knowledge regarding A. tubingensis to present an effective method to increase NGP production, which may support the development of current industrial processes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.1332-1339
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• 2019

Heat stress exerts a substantial effect on dairy production. The temperature and humidity index (THI) is widely used to assess heat stress in dairy operations. Herein, we review the effects of high temperature and humidity on body temperature, feed intake, milk production, follicle development, estrous behavior, and pregnancy in dairy cows. Analyses of the effects of THI on dairy production have shown that body temperature is an important physiological parameter in the evaluation of the health state of dairy cows. Although THI is an important environmental index and can help to infer the degree of heat stress, it does not reflect the physiological changes experienced by dairy cows undergoing heat stress. However, the simultaneous measurement of THI and physiological indexes (e.g., body temperature) would be very useful for improving dairy production. The successful development of automatic detection techniques makes it possible to combine THI with other physiological indexes (i.e., body temperature and activity), which could help us to comprehensively evaluate heat stress in dairy cows and provide important technical support to effectively prevent heat stress.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.1015-1028
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• 2018

Purpose: This study attempts to find how the cultural marketing activities utilizing cultural space affect firm's brand image and brand loyalty, and whether this culture marketing technique is recognized as a social contribution activity by potential customers and thereby influence brand image and loyalty. Methods: The data was collected by using the structured questionnaires to consumers who have experience using the Naver Library, Starfield Library, and Hyundai Card Library. The proposed research model is tested using 178 valid questionnaires using Smart PLS 2.0. Results: This research indicated that among cultural marketing factors, cultural support and cultural promotion have little impact on brand image, whereas culture firm influence brand image. Brand image also had an impact on brand loyalty, but it was found that public libraries operated by companies were not recognized as corporate social contribution activities, nor did they have an impact on the formation of the company's brand image. Conclusions: The study offered a theoretical and empirical foundation for future research by empirically identifying the relationship between cultural marketing and brand image and loyalty and confirmed the coordinating effect of social contribution activities between a cultural firm and its brand image.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2021

Zinc is an essential micronutrient with crucial roles in multiple facets of biological processes. Dysregulated zinc homeostasis impairs overall immune function and resultantly increases susceptibility to infection. Clinically, zinc supplementation is practiced for treatment of several infectious diseases, such as diarrhea and malaria. Recent focus on zinc as a beneficial element for immune system support has resulted in investigation of the immunomodulatory roles of zinc in a variety of immune cells. Besides its classical role as a cofactor that regulates the structural function of thousands of proteins, accumulating evidence suggests that zinc also acts, in a manner similar to calcium, as an ionic regulator of immune responses via participation as an intracellular messenger in signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the role of zinc as a signaling molecule in major pathways such as those downstream of Toll-like receptors-, T cell receptor-, and cytokine-mediated signal transduction that regulate the activity and function of monocytes/macrophages and T cells, principal players in the innate and adaptive immune systems.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.232-238
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• 2021

The development of a low cost catalyst with high performance and small amount of carbon deposition on catalyst from toluene steam reforming were investigated by using coal ash as a support material. Ni-loaded coal ash catalyst showed similar catalytic activity for toluene steam reforming compared with the Ni/Al2O3. At 800 ℃, the toluene conversion was 77% for Ni/TAL, 68% for Ni/KPU and 78% for Ni/Al2O3. Ni/TAL showed similar toluene conversion to Ni/Al2O3. However, Ni/KPU produced higher hydrogen yield at relatively lower toluene conversion. Ni/KPU catalyst showed a remarkable ability of suppressing the carbon deposition. The difference in coke deposition and hydrogen yield is due to the composition of KPU ash (Ca and Fe) which increase coke resistance and water gas shift reaction. This study suggests that coal ash catalysts have great potential for the application in the steam reforming of biomass tar.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.268-282
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• 2021

Purpose: This study sought to investigate health behavior (HB) and its affecting factors based on Anderson's behavioral model in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). Also, it attempted to identify the mediation of the health locus of control (HLC) between HB and the affecting factors. Methods: Secondary data from 694 people without noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) from a survey conducted by the Ewha Womans and the Laos University were used. The measurements included predisposing, enabling, and needs factors, HLC, HB (current non-smoking, low-risk drinking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, medical checkup). The mediating effect was analyzed using Baron and Kenny's method and the Sobel test. Results: Predisposing (gender, educational level, ethnic), enabling (social support, item ownership in household) and the needs factors (body mass index) were affecting HB. Internal HLC had a positive influence on HB. The stronger the others and chance HLC, the lower the HB. Chance HLC mediated the relationship between the educational level and HB. Conclusion: There is a need to recognize the importance of chance HLC as a mediator between the educational level and HB. Through this result, high-quality nursing education for the prevention of NCDs should be developed considering the impact of chance HLC.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2019

Recently there are sharp increase in number of studies related with facilitation of Inward-FDI or Multinational Enterprises invested in Korea region. The most of studies are mainly purposing to survey - 1)how Korea Government makes counter plan and assistance policy to make foreign capital and Inward-FDI more attractively and aggressively, 2)what is the new framework or system for Inward-FDI policy, 3)what is economic effect of Inward-FDI, 4)what are determinants or conclusive factors of FDI in Korea. Under this situation, the goal of this report is to find out the new way for Multinational Enterprises to reinvest continuously thru getting their better investment performances on several factors including Marketing Competence, Management Ability, Localization Management Skill, Business Management Strategy, and R&D Competitiveness which would be much more important determinants influencing re-investment of Multinational Enterprises in Kora. This report based on the empirical result and comprehensive analysis will eventually help policy makers to implement the appropriate strategy and support Multinational Enterprises to proceed positive circle's re-investment activity in the end.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop indicators to establishing the education system, focusing the curriculum in each department of H University for quality management of the curriculum. The indicator was developed based on previous studies and cases studies of other universities, and the validation of them was confirmed by the Delphi survey method. The Delphi surveys were conducted by two times, and 16 and 15 people participated for the first and second survey, respectively. We derived the following major results through developing the indicator. First, in order to conduct an education inspection of major courses, , , , , and are required. Second, the checking factors should be evaluated based on the contents in each stage, and can be regarded as a core activity in the curriculum. Accordingly, the checking factors becomes the basis for the establishment of the indicator to establishing the education system, and the indicator can be an expression method that represents the basis data for determining the factors to be evaluated.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2011

Purpose : To provide the understanding of abdominal hollowing exercise, this study reviewed literatures related with TrA and AHE. Methods : We reviewed the prior studies related with TrA and AHE. Results : Crook lying is easier to facilitate isolated contraction of TrA from EO than the others. The contraction of the TrA is shown to be the highest muscle activity in prone lying. Additionally, wall support standing(or standing) is shown a higher contraction of entire abdominal muscle than the others. However, learning and teaching correct AHE have innate difficulties in four positions. Conclusion : We have to consider that Rehabilitative Ultrasonic Imaging(RUSI) can facilitate accurate AHE. In the country, physical therapists will be necessary more training and efforts to use ultrasound because very few use ultrasound in clinical field. It will be necessary to study the effects of RUSI feedback and examine effects of exercises in combination with AHE.