• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2013

Objective: Pyungwi-san (PWS) plays a role in a number of physiologic and pharmacologic functions in many organs. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells that generate slow waves in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of PWS in mouse small-intestinal ICCs. Methods: Enzymatic digestion was used to dissociate ICCs from the small intestine of a mouse. The whole-cell patch-clamp configuration was used to record membrane potentials from the cultured ICCs. Results: ICCs generated pacemaker potentials in the GI tract. PWS produced membrane depolarization in the current clamp mode. Pretreatment with a $Ca^{2+}$-free solution and a thapsigargin, a $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase, inhibitor in the endoplasmic reticulum, eliminated the generation of pacemaker potentials. However, only when the thapsigargin was applied in a bath solution, the membrane depolarization was not produced by PWS. Furthermore, the membrane depolarizations due to PWS were inhibited not by U-73122, an active phospholipase C inhibitor, but by chelerythrine and calphostin C, protein kinase C inhibitors. Conclusions: These results suggest that PWS might affect GI motility by modulating the pacemaker activity in the ICCs.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.307-312
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• 2009

The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are pacemaking cells required for gastrointestinal motility. The possibility of whether DA-9701, a novel prokinetic agent formulated with Pharbitis Semen and Corydalis Tuber, modulates pacemaker activities in the ICC was tested using the whole cell patch clamp technique. DA-9701 produced membrane depolarization and increased tonic inward pacemaker currents in the voltage-clamp mode. The application of flufenamic acid, a non-selective cation channel blocker, but not niflumic acid, abolished the generation of pacemaker currents induced by DA-9701. Pretreatment with a $Ca^{2+}$-free solution and thapsigargin, a $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase inhibitor in the endoplasmic reticulum, abolished the generation of pacemaker currents. In addition, the tonic inward currents were inhibited by U-73122, an active phospholipase C inhibitor, but not by $GDP-{\beta}-S$, which permanently binds G-binding proteins. Furthermore, the protein kinase C inhibitors, chelerythrine and calphostin C, did not block the DA-9701-induced pacemaker currents. These results suggest that DA-9701 might affect gastrointestinal motility by the modulation of pacemaker activity in the ICC, and the activation is associated with the non-selective cationic channels via external $Ca^{2+}$ influx, phospholipase C activation, and $Ca^{2+}$ release from internal storage in a G protein-independent and protein kinase C-independent manner.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.299-300
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• 2016

본 논문은 낮고 넓은 입력 및 높은 출력 전류를 가지는 어플리케이션에 적합한 새로운 인터리브드 액티브 클램프 포워드 컨버터를 제안한다. 컨버터는 직렬로 연결된 2차측 추가 권선을 이용하여 0.5이상의 시비율로 동작할 수 있으며, 추가 플로팅 게이트 구동회로 없이 2차측 동기 정류기를 구동할 수 있다. 제안된 회로의 유효성은 36-72V 입력 12V/500W 시제품을 통해 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.137-138
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• 2013

능동 클램프 포워드 컨버터의 2차단에 전류 증배 정류회로를 사용할 경우 2차단에서의 도통 손실을 줄일 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라 상대적으로 큰 자화 인덕턴스와 작은 누설 인덕턴스를 이용하여 영전압 스위칭을 달성할 수 있으므로 회로 전체 동작 측면에서 바람직하다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 회로의 동작 설명과 함께 영전압 스위칭을 위한 조건을 다루었고 240W급 (12-V/20-A) 프로토타입 회로를 통해 분석 결과의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.49-52
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• 2007

In this paper, we proposed a design photovoltaic generation systems with SEPIC-Flyback converter. The SEPIC-Flyback converter is operated to SEPIC converter the state turn-on of the switch and the state turn-off the switch is operated Flyback converter. Therefore application rate of the core increases and voltage stress of switch and transformer decreases with active clamp operation. Also we performed MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking) control for efficient working of Photovoltaic Dower generation system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07a
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• pp.582-584
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• 1996

A new single stage AC/DC converter with a high power factor is proposed. The proposed converter gives good power factor correction, low current harmonic distortions, and tight output regulations. This converter also has an high efficiency by employing Active-clamp method and synchronous rectifiers. To verify performances of the proposed converter, 90W-converter is designed. This prototype meets the IEC555-2 requirements satisfactorily with nearly unity power factor.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2016

Topical anesthetics act on the peripheral nerves and reduce the sensation of pain at the site of application. In dentistry, they are used to control local pain caused by needling, placement of orthodontic bands, the vomiting reflex, oral mucositis, and rubber-dam clamp placement. Traditional topical anesthetics contain lidocaine or benzocaine as active ingredients and are used in the form of solutions, creams, gels, and sprays. Eutectic mixtures of local anesthesia cream, a mixture of various topical anesthetics, has been reported to be more potent than other anesthetics. Recently, new products with modified ingredients and application methods have been introduced into the market. These products may be used for mild pain during periodontal treatment, such as scaling. Dentists should be aware that topical anesthetics, although rare, might induce allergic reactions or side effects as a result of an overdose. Topical anesthetics are useful aids during dental treatment, as they reduce dental phobia, especially in children, by mitigating discomfort and pain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.217-217
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• 1994

Calcium entry blockers, capable of inhibiting transmembrane influx of extracellular calcium through specific calcium channels, are useful drugs in the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, cardiac arrythmia, and various cardiovascular disorders. Compounds having isoquinoline structures have recently been reported to possess calcium antagonistic action. Therefore, in the present study, we have attempted to synthesize some isoquinoline and related compound.; in order to search for potentially effective chemicals acting on cardiovascular system, and evaluated their pharmacological properties focusing on calcium antagonistic actions. Almost all of the compounds so far synthesized, had inhibitory action against phenylephrine or high potassium-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle with different degrees of potencies depending on their structures, However, some of tetrahydroisoquinoline analogs showed directly inhibit calcium current in isolated rabbit cardiac myocytes examined by patch clamp techniques. The pharmacological properties of these compounds need more intensive investigation as to whether these chemicals may have developed as a new cardiovascular active drugs. Therefore, we are now under investigation of the mechanism of action of these compounds.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.179-180
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• 2017

본 논문은 전기자동차의 HVBAT 전력을 LVBAT에 충전하는 LDC 전원장치의 고효율 설계 방법에 대하여 설명한다. 기존의 단일형 LDC 전원장치의 배터리 모듈 불평형 문제를 직렬 분배 방식의 모듈형 LDC로 설계하여 불평형 문제를 해결할 수 있는 장점을 갖고 있다. 제안하는 LDC 전원장치는 기존 단일형 1kW이상의 용량에서 모듈형의 150W용량을 가지며 절연이 가능한 포워드 컨버터로 설계하였다. 그리고 소형화가 가능하고 적은 부품수로 설계할 수 있는 능동 클램프 방식의 포워드 컨버터로 선정하였다. 또한 부피와 무게를 최소화하면서 고효율 구현이 가능한 설계기법을 제안하고 실험을 통하여 타당성을 검증한다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.348-349
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 새로운 구조의 능동 클램프 ac-dc 컨버터를 제안한다. 제안된 컨버터는 강압형 ac 쵸퍼와 voltage doubler로 구성되며, 직접전력변환을 함으로써 간단한 구조와 고효율을 가진다. 강압형 ac 쵸퍼는 ac-ac 전력변환과 능동 클램프역할을 하며, 스위치의 전압 스트레스와 스위칭 손실을 최소화 한다. 또한, voltage doubler의 공진 커패시터와 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스는 공진회로를 형성하여 출력 다이오드의 역회복 문제를 해결한다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 회로의 이론적 해석을 실험을 통해 검증한다.