• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.517-518
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• 2006

In this paper, to understand the effect of forest fires on polymer insulators for transmission lines, it was observed the aging of the housing surface of the polymer insulators. And, this paper shows the way how to create the artificial field testing in order to simulate forest fire. As the results of, maximum leakage current peaks by influence of flame increased from 1[mA] to 1.4[mA], and SEM results show the inorganic component on the housing surface because the organic component matters disappeared. Therefore, the case of exposed by forest fire, polymer insulator can be used in the early stage, but an exchange needs active countermeasure to be stabilize power delivery.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.245-246
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• 2022

2020년도에 물류창고에서 큰 화재 2건이 발생하였다. 4월 29일에 발생한 이천 물류창고 화재에서는 38명이라는 귀중한 생명을 잃었고 4월 21일에 발생한 군포 물류창고 화재에서는 약 220억 원이라는 재산피해가 있었다. 계속해서 되풀이 되고 있는 물류창고 화재에 대한 위험성과 물류창고라는 특성을 분석하여 이에 대한 대책을 국내법과 NFPA를 비교 분석하여 passive system, active system 및 유지관리 관점으로 제시하고자 한다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.162-171
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• 2008

For a field of research to be an independent area of study, there must be a common paradigm that is shared by the members of the community. In addition. for establishment of identity in a study, several relating scientific communities should actively study and research, which lead to a new paradigm. Efforts to accomplish this purpose are found in Politics, Economics, and Psychology. Yet, the field of Fire Service Science have not yield these results which include active scientific communities, scholars and experts who research on the subject and exchange their expertises. New paradigm for the field is not established yet. Therefore, this research probes the origins of these problems and suggests a proper scientific paradigm and direction for establishment of identity of Fire Service Science in Korea's ambiance.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.162-167
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• 2005

According to the principle of ascending water and descending fire, water has the property of wetting downward, which is the opposite of fire, which has the property of blazing upward. Thus, they work differently according to their innate properties. Nature and the human body maintain harmony through the interaction of ascending water and descending fire. When applied to the human body, the heart and kidney are the center of this principle. In other words, the heart above is the fire and the kidney downward is water. When the heart-fire harmonizes downward, the kidney becomes warm, enabling genuine vital functions to be active. When the kidney yin moves upward, the heart receives the nourishing yin to harmonize nutrients and blood. Thereby, physiological functions become normal throughout the blood meridians. However, in the ascending kidneywater and descending heart-yang of the heart and the kidney, the liver and lung are the major functional organs. In other words, the liver through the dispersing and raising yang functions moves water, which is the vital essence of the kidney, upward. And the lung, through the astriction?clearing of the lung and descending Qi?dispersing functions, moves the heart-fire downward. These functions are deeply related with changing seasons; thus, these functions can be explained with the ascending kidney-water and descending heart-yang of the five viscera.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2009

This study set three kinds of situation and observed the various states such as carbonization by experimenting damages by fire of electric iron. The results of this study are as follows: The fire did not occurred when the unpowered iron over mattress and cotton shirts was com busted completely by external flame because the temperature of surface of soleplate and mattress did not reach the minimum ignition energy and when the powered electric iron over mattress and cotton shirts was left for an hour with its temperature dial set to high because the temperature of combustibles did not reach the minimum ignition energy. The fire occurred when the electric iron in which the outer box, bi-metal switch, and temperature fuse were removed over mattress and cotton shirts was powered by through heater terminal, and then the electric iron, mattress, and cotton shirts were combusted by the fallen combustibles because the temperature of combustibles reached to the minimum ignition energy with the help of active transfer of heat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.9-13
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• 2011

The Performance-based fire protection design required to construct super high-rise building is the active measure for the evaluation of fire risks and the establishment of fire protection systems on the basis of engineering analysis, which is more efficient and proper than existing prescriptive-based design. This study applied time-line analysis of RSET is required safe egress time and ASET is available safe egress time with the fire and evacuation simulation to analyze. The result of this study showed the sprinkler system increased ASET and fire detection and alarm system reduced RSET efficiently. Reduced evacuation time influences to secure the life safety. Also it is essential to maintain the fire suppression system and fire detection & alarm system properly. Database of fire movement and evacuation action program are useful for the performance-based design.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_3
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• pp.979-995
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• 2023

As wildfires are difficult to predict, real-time monitoring is crucial for a timely response. Geostationary satellite images are very useful for active fire detection because they can monitor a vast area with high temporal resolution (e.g., 2 min). Existing satellite-based active fire detection algorithms detect thermal outliers using threshold values based on the statistical analysis of brightness temperature. However, the difficulty in establishing suitable thresholds for such threshold-based methods hinders their ability to detect fires with low intensity and achieve generalized performance. In light of these challenges, machine learning has emerged as a potential-solution. Until now, relatively simple techniques such as random forest, Vanilla convolutional neural network (CNN), and U-net have been applied for active fire detection. Therefore, this study proposed an active fire detection algorithm using state-of-the-art (SOTA) deep learning techniques using data from the Advanced Himawari Imager and evaluated it over East Asia and Australia. The SOTA model was developed by applying EfficientNet and lion optimizer, and the results were compared with the model using the Vanilla CNN structure. EfficientNet outperformed CNN with F1-scores of 0.88 and 0.83 in East Asia and Australia, respectively. The performance was better after using weighted loss, equal sampling, and image augmentation techniques to fix data imbalance issues compared to before the techniques were used, resulting in F1-scores of 0.92 in East Asia and 0.84 in Australia. It is anticipated that timely responses facilitated by the SOTA deep learning-based approach for active fire detection will effectively mitigate the damage caused by wildfires.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2021

On the construction site, there exists frequently a high likelihood that a fire accident can lead to a large-scale disaster. In the previous studies, the diverse outcomes have been focused on the improvement of relative statutes and tried to realize the suppression and confrontation of the fire accidents. In this study, the limitations on the site were identified through prior research reviews, and the fire risk assessment checklist was proposed through the analysis of the massive accident cases. The checklist was divided into the prevention and minimization steps and developed into 16 categories of total risk factors. According to the results from the cases applied in this study, if the installation status is checked, such as removing combustibles, and broadcasting facilities for evacuation are installed, it is expected that the casualties will be minimized or zeroed. By developing a fire risk assessment checklist, this study provides the implications of the theoretical and realistic fire accident prevention, and supports the ways to minimize the damage resulted from the fire accidents on construction sites. In the further, deriving universe and common items about repeated occurrences of a work type will be needed as a subsequent research.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1149-1151
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• 2003

We performed a validation study of the MODIS active fire detection algorithm using high resolution SPOT image as the reference data set. Fire with visible smoke plumes are detected in the SPOT scenes, while the hotspots in MODIS data are detected using NASA's new version 4 fire detection algorithm. The detection performance is characterized by the commission error rate (false alarms) and the omission error rate (undetected fires). In the Sumatra and Kalimantan study area, the commission rate and the omission rate are 27% and 34% respectively. False alarms are probably due to recently burnt areas with warm surfaces. False negative detection occur where there are long smoke plumes and where fires occur in densely vegetated areas.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.79-90
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• 2009

Till now disaster management is limited to be performed usually by the government. However, government has its limits to carry out disaster management effectively. Thus, diverse organizations and groups such as related agencies, citizens, NGOs, companies, are required to be formed as a multi-organizational cooperation system that is governance of disaster management. This research deals with concepts of disaster management, governance. Therefore, this study presents that effective disaster management plans such as citizens' support and cooperation with related agencies, forming professionalism and active cooperation with disaster management between volunteering and volunteer fire department and well-organizing NGO network, by minutely understanding the concepts of disaster management, governance and others and also positively analyzing influence factors of efficiency of disaster management.