• 제목/요약/키워드: Activation parameters

검색결과 724건 처리시간 0.027초

용매 환경에서의 폴리아미드 고분자 재료의 자체확산과 유변학적인 특성 (Self Diffusions and Rheological Properties of Polyamide Polymer Materials in Various Solvents)

  • 김남정
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.1050-1059
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    • 2019
  • 비결정성 영역에서의 유동단위의 고찰을 위하여 유동 파라메타와 결정크기로부터 폴리아미드 섬유고분자 물질의 자체확산, 홀 부피, 유동 열역학 파라메타 등을 계산하였다. 폴리아미드 섬유의 응력완화 실험은 용매기를 부착한 인장 시험기를 사용하여 여러 온도의 공기, 증류수, 산, 염기 용액에서 실행하였다. REM 모델의 이론적인 응력완화 식에 응력완화 실험 결과를 적용하여 여러 가지 유동 파라메타를 계산하였다. 이들 시료의 유동 파라메타는 완화 스펙트럼, 자체확산, 점도 및 유동 활성화 에너지와 직접적인 연관을 갖는 것으로 규명되었다.

Assessment of Nuclear Characteristics of NAA #1 Irradiation Hole in HANARO Research Reactor for Application of the $K_0$-NAA Methodology

  • Moon, Jong-Hwa;Kim, Sun-Ha;Chung, Yong-Sam;Dung, Ho-Mahn
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제34권6호
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    • pp.566-573
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    • 2002
  • Neutron activation analysis based on $textsc{k}$$_{o}$-standardization method# ($textsc{k}$o-NAA) is Com as one of the most remarkable progresses of the NAA with advantages of experimental simplicity, high accuracy, excellent flexibility with respect to irradiation and counting conditions, and suitability for computerization. This study was carried out to determine the reactor neutron spectrum parameters, i.e. $\alpha$ and f as the main factors of irradiation quality at NAA #1 irradiation hole on HANARO research reactor, to evaluate peak detection efficiency of the gamma-ray spectrometer for the use in the $textsc{k}$$_{o}$ experiments and to compare the measured concentration results with the certified values of some SRMs applying the experimentally determined to-parameters.ers.

RDF와 탄화슬러지 혼합물의 열중량 및 열동역학 특성 연구 (Study on the Pyrolysis Kinetics of Mixture of RDF and Carbonized Sludge with Thermogravimetric Analysis)

  • 순지엔펑;황현욱;김명균;느지오카 안토니 무투아;이창수;김영주
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.281-288
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    • 2016
  • After analyzing of heating value of four kinds of RDF, the RDF-D has the highest heating value, was chosen to be mixed with carbonized sludge by different ratio. The 85%:15% ratio, which has the highest efficiency, was analyzed with thermogravimetric and pyrolysis kinetics. Applying of Kissinger method, activation energy was obtained from slope which is calculated from relation of ln(${\beta}/T^2{_m}$) and $1/T_m$. The kinetic parameters obtained from Kissinger method were 46.06 kJ/mol of RDF, 55.99 kJ/mol of carbonized sludge and 40.68 kJ/mol of mixture of RDF and carbonized sludge. The mixture of RDF and carbonized sludge has the lowest activation energy and frequency factor, during thermal decomposition reaction it has the slowest reaction rate and needs the lowest energy. Although activation energy with pyrolysis of RDF was irregularly scattered, it showed that activation energy was stabilized by co-pyrolysis of RDF and additives(Carbonized Sludge).

Age Related Increase of Platelet Activation

  • Kim, Sang-Hwan;Im, Jee-Aee;Lee, Ji-Won;Lee, Duk-Chul
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.337-341
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    • 2006
  • Platelets clearly play an important role in inflammatory responses. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between aging and platelet activation. A total number of 799 persons (383 males and 416 females), who were apparently healthy and aged more than 20 years were recruited by a health promotion center in a community-based hospital in Seoul, Korea. We collected material data about their medical history and health behavior. Platelet parameters including mean platelet component (MPC), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet component distribution width (PCDW) were determined within 1 hour after blood collection using the ADVIA 120 automated hematology analyzer. The MPC of the women ($27.2{\pm}1.2$) was significantly love. than that of the men ($27.5{\pm}1.3$). The MPC of all participants was found to decrease with increasing age (P<0.01). Study participants in their twenties had the highest MPC ($27.7{\pm}1.1$), followed by those in their thirties ($27.6{\pm}1.1$), forties ($27.4{\pm}1.3$), fifties ($27.2{\pm}1.3$), sixties ($27.2{\pm}1.2$) and seventies ($27.1{\pm}1.2$). Multiple regression analysis showed that aging and gender were related with MPC after adjusting for confounding factors, including age, gender, smoking habit, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index and total cholesterol level. The this study shows that aging is related to platelet activation. Future research will need to determine the implications of increased platelet activation with aging, especially regarding the increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and related mortalities that occur in older age groups.

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Global Scaling 분석방법에 따른 기능적 자기공명영상의 비교 연구 (Comparative Study of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Global Scaling Analysis)

  • 유동수
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.26-31
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    • 2006
  • 목적 : 감각 및 운동기능에 대한 기능적 자기공명영상에서 데이터 분석 시 global scaling이 뇌 활성화 영상에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 신경학적 병력이 없는 정상 성인 피검자 4명을 대상으로 하였다. 운동기능은 오른쪽 상지를 구부렸다가 폈다가를 반복하는 운동을 시행하였고 청각기능은 1 KHz 순음자극을 시행하였다. 기능적 자기공명영상은 3.0T 자기공명영상기기(GE, Milwaukee, USA)에서 BOLD-EPI 기법을 사용하였고 데이터 분석은 SPM2를 사용하였다. 데이터 분석 시 움직임 보정, 통계적 유의 수준 등은 동일하게 한 상태에서 global scaling의 시행 전후의 뇌 활성화 영상을 획득하였다. 결과 : 오른쪽 상지운동에 대한 기능영상에서 global scaling 효과를 고려하지 않은 경우와 고려한 경우의 뇌 활성화 영상의 차이는 크지 않았다 (p<0.000001). 청각기능 검사에서는 global scaling 효과를 고려한 경우에서 고려하지 않은 경우에 비해 뇌 활성화 영상이 훨씬 크게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 결론 : 국소적 BOLD 신호의 변화가 작은 기능영상 검사에서는 데이터 분석 시 global scaling이 뇌 활성화 결과에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 주의가 요구된다.

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Tetramethyltin과 Iodine의 친전자 치환반응에 대한 압력의 영향 (The Effect of Pressure on the Electrophilic Substitution Reaction of Tetramethyltin with Iodine)

  • 권오천;이훈영
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제37권6호
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    • pp.555-561
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    • 1993
  • 메탄올용매내에서 요오드와 테트라메틸주석 사이의 Iododestannylation에 대한 반응속도를 분광학적 방법으로 연구하였다. 이 결과로부터 일시적인 전하이동착물의 흡수 스펙트럼이 관찰되었으며, 흡수 스펙트럼의 후속적인 감소현상으로 요오드에 의한 테트라메틸주석의 분해반응임을 알았다. 따라서 iododestannylation에 대한 속도상수를 온도 10, 25 및 35$^{\circ}C$ 압력을 1600 bar 까지 변화시켜 가면서 측정하였으며, 이때의 반응속도상수는 온도와 압력에 따라 증가함을 알았다. 이 반응속도상수로부터 ${\Delta}V^\neq,\;{\Delta}{\beta}^{\neq},\;{\Delta}H^{\neq},\;{\Delta}S^{\neq}$${\Delta}G^{\neq}$의 값을 구하였다. 활성화 부피와 활성화 압축율계수는 모두 음의 값이며, 활성화 엔탈피는 양의 값을, 활성화 엔트로피는 음의 값을 나타내었다. 이들 값으로부터 전이상태의 용매구조변화 및 메카니즘을 규명하였다. 이러한 사실로부터 본 반응은 $S_E2$ 메카니즘이 지배적이며 압력이 증가함에 따라 $S_E2$의 성격이 약화됨을 알았다

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Poly(acrylonitrile)-poly(vinyl chloride) 공중합체의 자체 확산 계수와 유동 자유 홀부피 (Self Diffusion Coefficients and Free Hole Volumes of Poly(acrylonitrile)-poly(vinyl chloride) Copolymers)

  • 김남정
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제46권3호
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    • pp.245-250
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    • 2011
  • Poly(acrylonitrile)-poly(vinyl chloride) 공중합체 섬유의 비결정성 영역에서의 자체 확산 계수와 홀 부피를 응력완화 실험으로 규명하였다. 응력완화 실험은 용매기를 부착한 인장 시험기를 사용하였다. 이론적인 응력완화식 에 응력완화 실험 결과를 적용하여 여러 가지 유동 파라메타를 계산하였다. 유동 파라메타로부터 섬유고분자 물질의 홀부피, 자체확산, 점성, 열역학파라메타 등을 계산하였다. 이들 시료의 유동 파라메타는 유동 단위의 홀 부피, 자체확 산, 유동 활성화 에너지와 직접적인 연관을 갖는 것으로 규명되었다.

Effect of Post-Activation Potentiation according to Sequence of Velocity Using Isokinetic Device on Short-Term Performance of Lower Extremity: Taekwondo Athletes and Healthy Adults

  • Sang-Woo Pyun;Seong-Eun Kim;Jong-Wan Kim;Dongyeop Lee;Ji-Heon Hong;Jae-Ho Yu;Jin-Seop Kim;Hyun Suk Yang;Seong-gil Kim
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • 제34권6호
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    • pp.298-303
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to figure out how PAP (Post-Activation Potentiation) phenomenon affects short-term performance efficiently. Methods: This study was conducted with 18 Taekwondo athletes and 16 healthy adults. By using isokinetic dynamometer, two different intervention, TDP (Top-down program) and BUP (Bottom-up program), were performed to measure isokinetic parameter; (peak torque: PT, total work: TW, average power: AP, and average torque: AT) of knee extensor for intragroup, intergroup comparison and two-way ANOVA. Results: The Taekwondo athletes group showed statistically significant differences in all isokinetic parameters PT, TW, AP, and AT after TDP (p<0.05). However, in the healthy adult group, the difference in isokinetic parameters according to the exercise sequence was not statistically significant. (p>0.05). PT and TW at TDP were statistically significant (p<0.05) when the rate of change in TDP and BUP was compared and analyzed considering the difference in physical ability between the Taekwondo athlete group and the healthy adult group. However, AP and AT were not statistically significant. Finally, when examining the interaction between the two groups and two exercise sequence according to isokinetic parameters, only TW (p<0.05) showed a statistically significant interaction, while PT (P=0.099), AP (P=0.103), and AT (P=0.096) did not. This study suggests that short-term performance can be improved through the PAP phenomenon when TDP is applied to the Taekwondo group. Conclusion: According to our result, for Taekwondo athletes, if the goal is to improve short-term performance just before the main game, we suggest a training program through TDP.

고압하에서의 이소퀴놀린과 브롬화 벤질류의 반응에 관한 속도론적인 연구 (Kinetic Study on the Reaction of para-substitued Benzylbromide with Isoquinoline under High Pressure)

  • 김영철;임종완;최성용
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.150-155
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    • 1998
  • Acetonitrile 용매내에서 isoquinoline과 치한된 benzylbromide의 반응을 압력변화(1~1000bar)에 따라 반응속도론적으로 연구하였다. 속도상수로부터 활성화파라미터들을 TEX>$\(DeltaV^{\neq}, \Delta\beta^{\neq}, \DeltaH^{\neq}, \DeltaS^{\neq}, \DeltaG^{\neq},Ea)$구하였다. 온도가 증가함에 따라 속도상수는 증가 하고, TEX>$\DeltaV^{\neq}, \Delta\beta^{\neq},및 \DeltaS^{\neq}$는 모두 음의 값으로 나타내었다. 치환기효과와 실험 결과로 부터 반응메카니즘을 고찰한 결과 전체적인 반응은 $S_{N}2$반응 메카니즘으로 진행되나, 치환체와 압력변화에 따라 전이상태 구조에 약간의 변화가 있었다.

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Color Removal from Dyeing Effluent using Activated Carbons Produced from Various Indigenous Biomass

  • Islam, Md. Shahidul;Das, Ajoy Kumar;Kim, In-Kyo;Yeum, Jeong-Hyun
    • 한국염색가공학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.94-100
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    • 2010
  • Colored compounds adsorption from the textile dyeing effluents on activated carbons produced from various indigenous vegetable sources by zinc chloride activation is studied. The most important parameters in chemical activation were found to be the chemical ratio of $ZnCl_2$ to feed (3:1), carbonization temperature (460-470 $^{\circ}C$) and time of activation (75 min). The absorbance at 511 nm (red effluent) and 615 nm (blue effluent) are used for estimation of color. It is established that at optimum temperature ($50^{\circ}C$), time of contact (30-40 min) and adsorbent loading (2 g/L), activated carbons developed from rain tree (Samanea saman) saw dust and blackberry (Randia formosa) tree saw dust showed great capability to remove color materials from the effluents. It is observed that adsorption of reactive dyes by all types of activated carbons is more than that of disperse dyes. It is explained that because of its acidic nature the activated carbon can adsorb better reactive dye particles containing large number of nitrogen sites and $-SO_3Na$ group in their structure. The use of activated carbons from the indigenous biomass would be economical, because saw dusts are readily available waste worldwide.