• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.964-973
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• 2020

Recent studies have highlighted that early enhancement of the glycolytic pathway is a mode of maintaining the proinflammatory status of immune cells. Thiamine, a wellknown co-activator of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, a gatekeeping enzyme, shifts energy utilization of glucose from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, we hypothesized that thiamine may modulate inflammation by alleviating metabolic shifts during immune cell activation. First, using allithiamine, which showed the most potent anti-inflammatory capacity among thiamine derivatives, we confirmed the inhibitory effects of allithiamine on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and maturation process in dendritic cells. We applied the LPS-induced sepsis model to examine whether allithiamine has a protective role in hyper-inflammatory status. We observed that allithiamine attenuated tissue damage and organ dysfunction during endotoxemia, even when the treatment was given after the early cytokine release. We assessed the changes in glucose metabolites during LPS-induced dendritic cell activation and found that allithiamine significantly inhibited glucose-driven citrate accumulation. We then examined the clinical implication of regulating metabolites during sepsis by performing a tail bleeding assay upon allithiamine treatment, which expands its capacity to hamper the coagulation process. Finally, we confirmed that the role of allithiamine in metabolic regulation is critical in exerting anti-inflammatory action by demonstrating its inhibitory effect upon mitochondrial citrate transporter activity. In conclusion, thiamine could be used as an alternative approach for controlling the immune response in patients with sepsis.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2005

제일원리 분자동역학 방법을 이용하여 Si(001) 표면에 NO 분자 흡착을 연구하였다. NO 분자가 Si(001)의 dimer축과 나란히 흡착될 경우에 50K에서도 분해가 일어났다. 이를 에너지 장벽으로 환산해 보면 0.006eV로서 거의 무시해도 좋을 정도이다 만일 NO 분자가 표면에 수직으로 들어오면 이웃에 있는 dimer에 걸쳐서 분해가 일어났다. 이 경우는 에너지 장벽은 0.08eV 정도였으며 여전히 낮은 수준이다. 분해가 된 산소분자는 dimer와 기판 사이의 backbend로 파고들어서 (에너지 장벽 0.007eV) 안정된 구조를 만들었다. 또 dimer에 나란히 흡착된 분자 상태의 경우는 N=Si_3$를 만들기도 하는데 속전자준위분광학(core level spectroscopy) 실험 결과와 일치한다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2004

Electro-Rheological(ER) fluids consist of suspensions of fine polarizable particles In a dielectric oil, which upon application of an external electric field control take on the characteristics of the Bingham solid. In this study, the temperature dependence of the viscosity was Investigated for an ER fluid consisting of 35 weight % of zeolite particles in hydraulic oil 46cSt. Thermal activation analysis was performed by changing the ER fluid's temperature from $-10^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$. According to the analysis, the activation energy for flow of the ER fluid was 79.6 kJ/mole without applying electric field. On the other hand, with the electric field of 2kV/mm, the linearity between viscosity and temperature was not existed By changing the temperatures the viscosity (or shear stress) versus shear rates were measured. In this experiment shear rates were increased from 0 to $200s^{-1}$ in 2 minutes. Generally, the hydraulic oil 46cSt will be operated at the temperature of about $40^{\circ}C$, thus, the ER fluid's electric field dependence of viscosity was examined at this temperature. Also, an influence of adding the dispersant(Carbopl 940) on ER effect was discussed.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 1978

本 실험에서는 熔融亞鍍金工程에서 다른 諸要因을 一定하게 하고 鋼金溫度와 浸積時間에 따른 亞鉛附着量과 銑損失을 組織학的인 면에서 考察하였다. 銑損失에 要하는 活性化에너지를 구하였으며 試料範위內에서 附着量에 미치는 최적조건을 찾으므로서 不당한 銑損失을 막고 亞鉛原단位를 줄이는데 目的이 있다. 銑損失量과 드로스(Dross)발생량이 상호 密接한 關係에 있으며 도로스 발생량이 감소되면 亞鉛原단位가 감소되었다. 실驗結論은 다음과 같다. 1. 同一時間內에서 詩片-I은 470$^{\circ}$까지 도금층 두께 형성이 온도에 비례하며 浸積時間 8分정도에서 最大값을 나타낸다. 2. 詩片-5는 浸積時間에 比例해서 附着量이 급증함을 나타내었는데 이는 Si의 영향이 지배적이며 그 이외의 試料에서는 20分이후 附着量增加率이 극히 적었다. 浸積時間은 20分이 가장 적당하며 더 이상 오해 浸積시키면, 銑損失量만, 증가할 것이다. 3. 銑損失에 要하는 活性化에너지는 다음과 같으며 이와같은 값은 ${\gamma}$相의 成長에 미치는 活性化에너지 값과 거의 비슷하리라 생각됨. 詩片 - I = 18,500 Cal/mole 詩片 - III = 22,000 Cal/mole 詩片 - V = 42,300 Cal/mole

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2012

Endochondral bone formation is the process by which mesenchymal cells condense to become chondrocytes, which ultimately form new bone. The process of chondrogenic differentiation and hypertrophy is critical for bone formation and as such is regulated by many factors. In this study, we aimed to indentify novel factors that regulate chondrogenesis. We investigated the possible role of isopsoralen in induction of chondrogenic differentiation in clonal mouse chondrogenic ATDC5 cells. Isopsoralen treatment stimulated the accumulation of cartilage nodules in a dose-dependent manner. Further, ATDC5 cells treated with isopsoralen were stained more intensely with Alcian blue than control cells, suggesting that isopsoralen increases the synthesis of matrix proteoglycans. Similarly, isopsoralen markedly induced the activation of alkaline phosphatase activity compared with control cells. Isopsoralen enhanced the expressions of chondrogenic marker genes such as collagen II, collagen X, OCN, Smad4 and Sox9 in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, isopsoralen induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAP kinase, but not that of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Isopsoralen significantly enhanced the protein expression of BMP-2 in a time-dependent manner. PD98059 and SB 203580, inhibitors of ERK and p38 MAPK, respectively, decreased the number of stained cells treated with isopsoralen. Taken together, these results suggest that isopsoralen mediates a chondromodulating effect by BMP-2 or MAPK signaling pathways, and is therefore a possible therapeutic agent for bone growth disorders.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.245-246
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• 2012

Lately the Infill Modular Construction System which meets the domestic standards about the structure and fireproof performance and which is applied to the remodeling techniques is being emphasized. In order to introduce the Infill Modular Construction System to domestic market successfully, the development of insufficient element technologies and systematic analysis of process should be preceded. This research aims to establish of Standard Construction Process, as advanced research for the settlement of the Infill Modular Construction System. As advanced research for the activation of the Infill Modular Construction System, this research aims to develop Infill Unit Module's mobile device. This is expected to improve work efficiency. In addition organizing optimized Standard Construction Process by steady work analysis and improvement is being planned.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.302-314
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• 2015

There is an adsorption method using activated carbon as a typical method for removing elemental mercury. Physical characteristics of activated carbon such as specific surface area and volume of pore (micro and meso) have positive effect for mercury adsorption. Activated carbon is carbon-based material with a high specific surface area. This activated carbon can be manufactured through carbonization and activation process. In this process, physical characteristics of specific surface area and pore distribution are changed by controlling operating parameters like temperature, time and reagent of activation. In this study, we evaluated characteristics of activated carbons manufactured from pinewood and coal with the operating parameters. We evaluated mercury adsorption capacities of the activated carbons having excellent physical characteristics and compared those to the commercial activated carbon.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.95-97
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• 2004

We studied a low temperature ion doping process for poly-Si Thin Film Transistor (TFT) on plastic substrates. The ion doping process was performed using an ion shower system, and subsequently, excimer laser annealing (ELA) was done for the activation. We have studied the crystallinity of Si surface at each step using UV-reflectance spectroscopy and the sheet resistance using 4-point probe. We found that the temperature has increased during ion shower doping for a-Si film and the activation has not been fulfilled stably because of the thermal damage against the plastic substrate. By trying newly a pulsed ion shower doping, the ion was efficiently incorporated into the a-Si film on plastic substrate. The sheet resistance decreased with the increase of the pulsed doping time, which was corresponded to the incorporated dose. Also we confirmed a relationship between the crystallinity and the sheet resistance. A sheet resistance of 300 ${\Omega}$/sq for the Si film of 50nm thickness was obtained with a good reproducibility. The ion shower technique is a promising doping technique for ultra low temperature poly-Si TFTs on plastic substrates as well as those on glass substrates.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.312-317
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• 2005

The precipitation process in Cu-0.2 wt.%Cr-0.05 wt.%Zr alloys has been studied by electrical electrical resistivity measurements. The kinetics of precipitation could be well described by Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation, $f(t)=1-\exp(-kt^n)$. The values of n were found to be in the range of 0.36~0.42 at first stage and 1.3~1.6 at second stage. The activation energy was determined by cross-cut method and was 80~89 kJ/mol. The value is similar to the energy for the migration of either a vacancy or a vacancy-solute complex through the lattice.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2010

Hsp33 is a molecular chaperone achieving a holdase activity upon response to a dual stress by heat and oxidation. Despite several crystal structures available, the activation process is not clearly understood, because the structure inactive Hsp33 as its reduced, zinc-bound, monomeric form has not been solved yet. Thus, we initiated structural investigation of the reduced Hsp33 monomer by NMR. In this study, to overcome the high molecular weight (33 kDa), the protein was triply isotope-[$^{13}C$, $^{15}N$, $^2H$]-labeled and its inactive, monomeric state was ensured. 2D-[$^1H$, $^{15}N$]-TROSY and a series of triple resonance spectra could be successfully obtained on a high-field (900 MHz) NMR machine with a cryoprobe. However, under all of the different conditions tested, the number of resonances observed was significantly less than that expected from the amino acid sequence. Thus, a possible contribution of dynamic conformational exchange leading to a line broadening is suggested that might be important for activation process of Hsp33.