• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.2632-2649
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• 2012

Most approaches to human action recognition is limited due to the use of simple action datasets under controlled environments or focus on excessively localized features without sufficiently exploring the spatio-temporal information. This paper proposed a framework for recognizing realistic human actions. Specifically, a new action representation is proposed based on computing a rich set of descriptors from keypoint trajectories. To obtain efficient and compact representations for actions, we develop a feature fusion method to combine spatial-temporal local motion descriptors by the movement of the camera which is detected by the distribution of spatio-temporal interest points in the clips. A new topic model called Markov Semantic Model is proposed for semantic feature selection which relies on the different kinds of dependencies between words produced by "syntactic " and "semantic" constraints. The informative features are selected collaboratively based on the different types of dependencies between words produced by short range and long range constraints. Building on the nonlinear SVMs, we validate this proposed hierarchical framework on several realistic action datasets.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.209-225
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• 2006

According to shift of the political focus from agricultural productivity to social development, it has been increased importance of local leader in rural society. Especially rural women leader's role has been increased not only in agricultural business but also in social activity of locality. Although a lot of leadership study related to rural community development, it has been very scarcely study about leader's action in pattern or doing in style based on psychological scale. Therefore this a kind of pilot study on that. For this data, it was gathered from 24 female farmer leaders of a federation group in 2005. In this study, to define the action in pattern or doing in style of leader, it was adopted to Ozasz Yoshihisa's scale which is consisted of 40 items into 8 types. From analysis of female farmer leader's action in pattern or doing in style, most of them were belong to volunteer type, generalist type, farmer type. This menas most of them were head toward maintenance of the present status, keeping one's balance, adaptation oneself to new environment, or acceptance the logic of events, not trying to innovate. But it was not clear that any variable has a relation in the action in pattern or the doing in style, for definition of variables, it should be more detailed study.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제17A권4호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 데이터마이닝 기법을 이용하여 네트워크 사용자의 행동 패턴을 분석하는 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 시스템 구현을 위해 네트워크 탭 장비를 사내 네트워크에 설치하여 패킷을 복제한다. 복제된 패킷은 고속의 메인 메모리DB를 통하여 데이터베이스에 저장된다. 저장 된 데이터는 데이터 마이닝 기법을 이용하여 행동패턴을 분석하고 네트워크 관리자에게 실시간 보고한다. 또한 이기종간의 데이터를 공유하기 위해 표준의 XML 문서 교환 방식을 적용한다. 행동패턴 분석 시스템은 추후 저가 구현 및 쉬운 설치를 고려하여 임베디드형 셋톱박스 기반을 제안한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.335-339
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• 1999

The oxidation-reduction potentials of cosmetic raw materials, showing tyrosinase inhibitory action, and phenolic compounds structurally similar to L-tyrosine were determined by cylcic voltammetry. The voltammograms obtained could be classified ito 4 patterns (patterns 1-4). Patterns 1, characterized by oxidation and reduction peaks as a pair, was observed with catechol, hydroquinone or phenol, and pattern 2 exhibiting another oxidation peak in addition to oxidation and reduction peaks as a pair was found with arbutin, kojic acid, resorcinol, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and L-tyrosine as the substrate of tyrosinase. Pattern 3 with an independent oxidation peak only was expressed by L-ascorbic acid, and pattern 4 with a reduction peak only at high potentials, by hinokitiol. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of these compounds was also evaluated using the 50% inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) and the inhibition constant (Ki) as parameters. Hinokitiol, classified as patterns 4, showed the highest inhibitory activity (lowest $IC_{50}$ and Ki). Hydroquinone showing the second highest activity belonged to pattern 1, which also included compounds exhibiting pattern 2 was relatively low with Ki values being in the order of 10-4 M. Although there was no consistent relationship between oxidation-reduction potentials and tyrosinase inhibitory action, the voltammetry data can be used as an additional index to establish the relationship between the structure and the tyrosine inhibitory activity.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 CS-LBP (Center-Symmetric Local Binary Pattern) 특징과 공간 피라미드를 이용한 BoF (Bag of Features)를 생성하고 이를 랜덤 포레스트(Random Forest) 분류기에 적용하여 인간의 행동을 인식하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. BoF를 생성하기 위해 영상을 균일한 패치로 나누고, 각 패치 마다 CS-LBP 특징을 추출한다. 행동 분류 성능을 향상시키기 위해 패치들마다 추출한 특징벡터들에 대해 K-mean 클러스터링을 적용하여 코드 북을 생성한다. 본 논문에서는 영상의 지역적인 특성을 고려하기 위해 공간 피라미드 방법을 적용하고 각 공간 레벨에서 추출된 BoF에 대해 가중치를 적용하여 최종적으로 하나의 특징 벡터로 결합한다. 행동 분류를 위해 결정트리의 앙상블로 이루어진 랜덤 포레스트는 학습 단계에서 각 행동 클래스를 위한 분류 모델을 만든다. 가중 BoF가 적용된 랜덤 포레스트는 다양한 인간 행동 영상을 포함하고 있는 Standford Actions 40 데이터를 성공적으로 분류하였다. 또한 기존 방법에 비해 분류 성능이 유사하거나 우수하며, 한 장의 영상에 대해 빠른 인식속도를 보였다.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2010

본 논문은 RPG게임의 퀘스트 수행에 대한 플레이어의 감정패턴 분석을 그 목적으로 하고 있다. 인간의 다양한 인지행동 범주에 대한 선행연구를 바탕으로 게임플레이어의 행동범주를 5가지로 설정하고 범주에 해당하는 게임플레이 행동(Action)과 내용(Content)을 재정립하였다. 이를 바탕으로 스토리중심의 전개로 다양한 퀘스트 구성을 보여주는 마비노기(Mabinogi)게임의 초기단계(Tutorial Mode)를 퀘스트구조 및 인지행동별로 분류하여 초보 피험자 10명을 대상으로 감정데이터를 도출하고 게임플레이의 인지행동패턴과 도출감정사이의 상관관계를 모형화하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 게임 플레이어의 자극적 수준을 감정패턴으로 확인하여 특정단계의 퀘스트 설계 및 레벨 디자인의 구체화를 모색해 볼 수 있다. 또한 게임플레이 과정에서 플레이어의 감정변화는 재미요소의 표출형태이며 전체적으로 게임의 상위목표수행에 대한 호기심과 도전의식을 유발 시킬 수 있는 장치로 활용가능 하리라 본다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.621-625
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• 1998

The raw starch hydrolysis by amylase prepared from alkaline-tolerant Bacillus sp. were investigated. Degree of hydrolysis(%) of 5%(w/v) raw rice, corn and potato starch by this enzyme were about 40, 25 and 20%, respectively. The hydrolysis action on raw starch by change of blue value was similar to the action pattern of exo ${\beta}$-amylase. The hydrolysis products of rice starch were mainly glucose and maltose. Oligosaccarides were also detected. From the above results, this enzyme was considered as exo type ${\alpha}$-amylase. This enzyme activity on the raw starch and the gelatinized starch were 28.40 and 86.60 IU/mg protein, respectively, and the ratio of raw starch-digesting activity to gelatinized starch-digesting activity (raw starch digestivity) was about 32%. The Km values for the raw and the gelatinized starch were 4.22 and 3.0mg/mL, respectively, and the VmaX values were 0.20 and 0.31mg/mL/min, respectively.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1999년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall
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• pp.178-185
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• 1999

Six of scaled concrete circular columns were experimentally investigated for the contribution of arch action to the column lateral resistance. For this the specimens with the variation of tranverse hoop steel spacing were tested in absence of axial loading All specimens showed the flexure governing behavior pattern irrelevant to transverse hoop spacing. This indicates that the role of arch action should be understood as the intermediate mechanism causing the interaction between shear and flexural mechanisms A simple truss model was proposed to qualitatively explain this notation but further study is needed to advance its application to general columns.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2007

아케이드 게임에서 대부분 게임 몬스터의 그 행동 패턴은 미리 정의된 방식으로 일정하게 동작하기 때문에 사용자는 일정 시간 게임을 진행한 후에 행동을 쉽게 예측 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 게임 몬스터의 행동 패턴을 쉽게 예측할 수 없게 하여 사용자의 만족감을 높이고자 하는 연구이다. 본 연구는 FSM 알고리즘을 통해 몬스터의 행동 패턴 정의 및 구현을 한다. 더욱이 본 논문은 모바일 게임 최적화를 위해 게임 몬스터의 행동 패턴에 몬스터의 예측 가능한 요소를 추가하였다. 게임플레이 결과를 분석할 때, 게임 몬스터의 행동은 전체 플레잉 맵을 골고루 사용하면서 게임 몬스터는 특정한 행동의 반복 없이 적절히 동작하였음을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.38-38
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• 2003

The electrical properties of neurons are produced by the coordinated activity of ion channels (Hille, 1992). $K^{+}$ channels play a key role in shaping action potentials and in determining neural firing patterns. Small conductance $Ca^{2+}$-activated $K^{+}$ (S $K_{Ca}$ ) channels are involved in modulating the slow component of afterhyperpolarization (AHP) (Kohler et al., 1996). Here we examine whether rat type 2 S $K_{Ca}$ (rSK2) channels can affect the shape of the action potential and the neural firing pattern, by overexpressing rat SK2 channels in Aplysia neuron R15. Our results show that rSK2 overexpression decreased the intraburst frequency and changed the regular bursting activity of neurons to an irregular bursting or beating pattern in R15, Furthermore, the overexpression of rSK2 channels increased AHP and reduced the duration of the action potential. Thus, our results suggest that ectopic S $K_{Ca}$ channels play an important role in regulating the filing pattern and the shape of the action potential.ntial.