• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제90권4호
• /
• pp.357-370
• /
• 2024

Due to the fact that the mechanism of the effects of temperature and initial geometric imperfection on low-velocity impact problem of axially moving plates is not yet clear, the present paper is to fill the gap. In the present paper, the nonlinear dynamic behavior of axially moving imperfect graphene platelet reinforced metal foams (GPLRMF) plates subjected to lowvelocity impact in thermal environment is analyzed. The equivalent physical parameters of GPLRMF plates are estimated based on the Halpin-Tsai equation and the mixing rule. Combining Kirchhoff plate theory and the modified nonlinear Hertz contact theory, the nonlinear governing equations of GPLRMF plates are derived. Under the condition of simply supported boundary, the nonlinear control equation is discretized with the help of Gallekin method. The correctness of the proposed model is verified by comparison with the existing results. Finally, the time history curves of contact force and transverse center displacement are obtained by using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Through detailed parameter research, the effects of graphene platelet (GPL) distribution mode, foam distribution mode, GPL weight fraction, foam coefficient, axial moving speed, prestressing force, temperature changes, damping coefficient, initial geometric defect, radius and initial velocity of the impactor on the nonlinear impact problem are explored. The results indicate that temperature changes and initial geometric imperfections have significant impacts.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.518-525
• /
• 2016

This paper presents the characteristics of non-fundamental multi-mode combustion instability and the effects of high-harmonic components on the Rayleigh criterion. Phenomenological observations of multi-harmonic-mode dynamic pressure waves regarding the intensity of harmonic components and the source of wave distortion have been explained by introducing examples of second- and third-order harmonics at various amplitudes. The amplitude and order of the harmonic components distorted the wave shapes, including the peak and the amplitude, of the dynamic pressure and heat release, and consequently the temporal Rayleigh index and its integrals. A cause-and-effect analysis was used to identify the root causes of the phase delay and the amplification of the Rayleigh index. From this analysis, the skewness of the dynamic pressure turned out to be a major source in determining whether multi-mode instability is driving or damping, as well as in optimizing the combustor design, such as the mixing length and the combustor length, to avoid unstable regions. The results can be used to minimize errors in predicting combustion instability in cases of high multi-mode combustion instability. In the future, the amount of research and the number of applications will increase because new fuels, such as fast-burning syngases, are prone to generating multi-mode instabilities.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.210-218
• /
• 2015

초음파 영상 품질의 향상을 위해 트랜스듀서의 구동전압을 높이게 되면 트랜스듀서에서 열이 발생하여 환자의 피부 화상 및 트랜스듀서의 성능 저하를 초래할 수 있다. 따라서, 이렇게 온도가 상승하지 않도록 트랜스듀서 내의 열을 효율적으로 분산할 수 있는 방안에 대해 연구하였다. 이때 열 분산 해석 대상으로 중심주파수가 3 MHz이고 32채널을 가진 위상배열 트랜스듀서를 선정하였다. 먼저 트랜스듀서의 동작에 따른 발열 구조를 이론적으로 분석하였고, 그 결과로서 재료의 감쇠와 음압의 크기가 발열에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 나아가 유한요소 해석을 통해 트랜스듀서 구성소자의 물성이 열 분산에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석된 결과를 바탕으로 트랜스듀서 내 열이 잘 분산되기 위한 구성소자의 열물성을 정하였다. 도출된 열 물성을 유한요소 해석 모델에 적용한 결과 환자와 접촉되는 부분인 음향렌즈의 최고온도가 원래 값의 51 %로 저하되었다.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2017

초임계 환경에서 와류형 분사기의 극저온 질소 분무 동적 특성 분석을 위하여 3차원 LES 난류 모델을 적용하였다. 초임계 상태에서 질소의 상태량들을 정확하게 예측하기 위해 SRK 실기체 상태방정식을 사용하였고, 점성계수와 열전도도는 Chung의 고압 상태 혼합물에 대한 방정식, 그리고 확산 계수는 Fuller의 이론에 Takahashi의 보정식을 적용하였다. 질소 분무 결과, 분사기 내, 외부에서 유동장과 음향장 사이의 상호작용으로 복잡한 유동구조가 형성된다. 복잡한 유동 현상을 분석하기 위해 FFT, POD 그리고 DMD 기법을 적용하여 해석을 수행하였다. FFT 해석을 수행하여 분사기 내, 외부에서 나타나는 특정 주파수를 파악하였으며, POD와 DMD를 통해 각 주파수가 어떠한 유동 구조를 갖는지에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 또한, DMD를 통해 각 주파수의 감쇠 계수를 파악하여 이를 실험 결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제22권8호
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2005

To verify applicability of multi-dimensional spectral analysis (MDSA) fur noise source identification two different approaches which are frequency response and coherent function have been investigated. The coherence function approach appears able to separate the correlated system when the noise sources were coherent. In this study, we identify contribution of structure-borne-noise of vehicle HVAC system using MDSA method. Firstly, to identify the applicability of MDSA method, 4-inputs of vehicle HVAC system were the signals measured by accelerometers attached on the selected noise sources which were composed of blower, evaporator, heater and duct. While 1-output which was driver's position sound was the SPL signals measured by a remote microphone, when the blower motor was operating. We identify efficiency of systems modeled with four Inputs/single output through ordinary coherence function (OCF) and partial coherence function (PCF). As a result of experiment, the blower accounted for $62-88\%$ of the overall level of sound energy density. Also, according to the analysis of acoustic signal and vibration signals measurement, an investigation of the noise source identification in the vehicle HVAC is presented. With the sound intensity method, the major sources of the vehicle HVAC radiation are verified. Also the method of improving the noise reduction is proposed by attaching damping patch access to blower motor and noise reduction is verified.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.615-636
• /
• 2014

Aluminium Foam Sandwich (AFS) panels are becoming always more attractive in transportation applications thanks to the excellent combination of mechanical properties, high strength and stiffness, with functional ones, thermo-acoustic isolation and vibration damping. These properties strongly depend on the density of the foam, the morphology of the pores, the type (open or closed cells) and the size of the gas bubbles enclosed in the solid material. In this paper, the vibrational performances of two classes of sandwich panels with an Alulight(R) foam core are studied. Experimental tests, in terms of frequency response function and modal analysis, are performed in order to investigate the effect of different percentage of porosity in the foam, as well as the effect of the random distribution of the gas bubbles. Experimental results are used as a reference for developing numerical models using finite element approach. Firstly, a sensitivity analysis is performed in order to obtain a limit-but-bounded dynamic response, modelling the foam core as a homogeneous one. The experimental-numerical correlation is evaluated in terms of natural frequencies and mode shapes. Afterwards, an update of the previous numerical model is presented, in which the core is not longer modelled as homogeneous. Mass and stiffness are randomly distributed in the core volume, exploring the space of the eigenvectors.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.342-350
• /
• 2008

The effects of combustion instability on flow structure and flame dynamics with the inlet configurations in a model gas turbine combustor were investigated using large eddy simulation (LES). A G-equation flamelet model was employed to simulate the unsteady flame behaviors. As a result of mean flow field, the change of divergent half angle($\alpha$) at combustor inlet results in variations in the size and shape of the central toroidal recirculation (CTRZ) as well as the flame length by changing corner recirculation zone (CRZ). The case of ${\alpha}=45^{\circ}$ show smaller size and upstream location of CTRZ than those of $90^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$ by the development of higher swirl velocity. The flame length in the case of ${\alpha}=45^{\circ}$ is shorter than other cases, while the case of ${\alpha}=30^{\circ}$ yields the longest flame length due to the decrease of effective reactive area with the absence of CRZ. Through the analysis of pressure fluctuation, it was identified that the case of ${\alpha}=45^{\circ}$ shows the largest damping effect of pressure oscillation in all configurations and brings in the noise reduction of 2.97dB, compared to that of ${\alpha}=30^{\circ}$ having the largest pressure oscillation. These reasons were discussed in detail through the analysis of unsteady phenomena related to recirculation zone and flame surface. Finally the effects of flame-acoustic interaction were evaluated using local Rayleigh parameter.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.562-577
• /
• 2014

A reliable steady/transient hydro-elastic analysis is developed for flexible (composite) marine propeller blade design which deforms according to its environmental load (ship speed, revolution speed, wake distribution, etc.) Hydro-elastic analysis based on CFD and FEM has been widely used in the engineering field because of its accurate results however it takes large computation time to apply early propeller design stage. Therefore the analysis based on a boundary element method-Finite Element Method (BEM-FEM) Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) is introduced for computational efficiency and accuracy. The steady FSI analysis, and its application to reverse engineering, is designed for use regarding optimum geometry and ply stack design. A time domain two-way coupled transient FSI analysis is developed by considering the hydrodynamic damping ffects of added mass due to fluid around the propeller blade. The analysis makes possible to evaluate blade strength and also enable to do risk assessment by estimating the change in performance and the deformation depending on blade position in the ship's wake. To validate this hydro-elastic analysis methodology, published model test results of P5479 and P5475 are applied to verify the steady and the transient FSI analysis, respectively. As the results, the proposed steady and unsteady analysis methodology gives sufficient accuracy to apply flexible marine propeller design.