• 제목/요약/키워드: Acorns

검색결과 39건 처리시간 0.022초

완도지역 붉가시나무의 개화특성과 종실생산 (Flowering Characteristics and Acorn Production of Quercus auta Thunb. in Wando Island, Korea)

  • 박인협;김소담;박종원;채경석;김갑태;엄태원
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.326-330
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    • 2014
  • 완도수목원내 백운로 상부의 붉가시나무림을 대상으로 붉가시나무의 개화특성과 종실생산을 조사하였다. 개화특성은 개화기인 5월에 평균 흉고직경급에 속하는 임목 중 개화가 충실한 임목 3주의 표본목을 선정 벌목하여 조사하였다. 종실생산은 $20m{\times}25m$ 방형구 8개를 설정하고, 가로 1m, 세로 1m, 높이 1.5m의 종자트랩을 방형구당 3개씩 총 24개 설치하여 조사하였다. 암꽃의 모지당 잎과 화서의 수, 수꽃의 모지당 화서의 수는 수관 상, 중, 하부간 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 수관 상부에서 하부로 갈수록 감소하는 경향이었다. 임목당 암꽃 수는 5,025개이었으며, 수관 상, 중, 하부에 각각 60.3%, 28.4%, 11.3% 분포하고 있었다. 임목당 수꽃의 화서 수는 7,063개이었으며 수관 상, 중, 하부에 각각 51.6%, 26.5%, 21.9% 분포하고 있었다. 종자트랩 24개 전체의 종실생산량은 947립/$24m^2$이었으며, 건전, 충해, 부후, 쭉정이 종실의 구성비는 각각 11.0%, 61.9%, 25.1%, 2.0%이었다. 월별 전체 종실량은 8, 9, 10, 11, 12월에 각각 240립/$24m^2$, 632립/$24m^2$, 56립/$24m^2$, 17립/$24m^2$, 2립/$24m^2$이었다. 건전 종실이 없는 12월을 제외한 8, 9, 10, 11월에 낙하된 건전 종실의 평균 길이는 각각 15.5mm, 16.5mm, 20.9mm, 19.1mm, 평균 지름은 각각 11.1mm, 10.6mm, 13.8mm, 10.8mm, 평균 무게는 각각 0.84g, 0.66g, 1.87g, 1.36g이었다. 붉가시나무는 9월에 종실 낙하량이 가장 많으며, 종실의 크기와 무게는 10월에 낙하한 종실이 최대치를 보였다.

Distribution of Damaged Oaks and Annual Oak Biomass Removal by Oak Nut Weevil(Mechoris ursulus) in Korea

  • You, Young-Han;Chun, Young-Jin;Lee, Hee-Sun;Lee, Chang-Seok;Kim, Joon-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.377-380
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    • 2001
  • Herbivory is an important selective forces on plants by reducing the ability of the plant to compete with its neighbors and to produce offspring. Oak nut weevil(Mechoris ursulus Roelofs) females lay eggs in unmatured acorns and cut off the branch of oviposited acorns. To investigate the influences of branch-cutting behavior of oak nut weevils on oak production, we surveyed the horizontal and vertical distribution ranges of damaged oaks and depth of sites of overwintering larvae and quantified the amounts of biomass and acorn removed by the weevils on deciduous oak species. All of the endemic oak species in Korea were damaged by oak nut weevils in all of the study sites including Mt. Halla and Mt. Seorak. The upper limit of vertical distribution of damaged oaks by the weevils raried from 700 m to 900 m. Mostly their larvae were found in soil from 8.1 cm to 10.0 cm depth in winter. Percentage of annual net primary productivity($720g{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}day^{-1}$) of oak species removed by the weevils was about 7%, which is higher than the percentage removed by all the herbivores in typical temperate forest(5%) and equivalent to that by all the herbivores in tropical forest. The predation percentage of annual acorn production by oak nut weevil was 27% in Q. mongolica and 33% in Q. acutissima. This results indicate that the branch-cutting behavior of oak nut weevil may be the most important factor regulating oak population and affecting other predators dependent on acorns.

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도토리 추출물의 경구 투여가 마우스 면역 세포 활성에 미치는 효과 (Effects of Water Extract Acorn on Mouse Immune Cell Activation Ex Vivo)

  • 류혜숙
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.135-140
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    • 2010
  • Acorns have been used as a traditional remed as well as food source. However, few studies on their immunomodulating effects have been reported. In this study, the combined immunomodulative effect of a water extract of acorns was tested on seven to eight weeks old mice(balb/c). The mice were fed ad libitum on a chow diet, and a water extract of the plant mixture was orally administered every other day for four weeks at two different concentrations(50 and 500 mg/kg B.W.). The production of cytokine(IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-$\gamma$), secreted by macrophages stimulated with LPS or not, detected by ELISA assay using cytokine kit. After 48 h of incubation with mitogen(ConA or LPS) ex vivo study showed that cytokine (IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-$\gamma$) was detected in both of the 50 and 500 mg/kg B.W. supplementation groups with LPS stimulation. The results of this study may suggest that supplementation with acorn water extract increase immune function by regulating cytokine production capacity by activated macrophages.

도토리(Quercus serrata Thunb)와 상수리(Quercus acutissima Carruther) 추출물의 항산화와 항당뇨 활성 연구 (Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Extracts from Quercus serrata Thunb and Q. acutissima Carruther)

  • 추지혜;최진희
    • 한국식생활문화학회지
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    • 제36권5호
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    • pp.522-529
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    • 2021
  • This study was conducted to analyze the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of acorns according to the types of Quercus serrata Thunb (QST) and Q. acutissima Carruther (QAC). The total polyphenol contents of the extracts from QST and QAC were 220.59 and 320.96 mg GAE/g, respectively. The content of total polyphenol of QAC was higher than that of QAC (p<0.001). DPPH (2,2 Diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity were increased in a concentration-dependent manner by both acorn extracts, and QAC showed high activity in all antioxidant experiments (p<0.05). The inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase were also increased in a concentration-dependent manner, and QAC showed higher inhibitory activity than QST (p<0.05). Our study indicates that QST and QAC are functional food materials with high antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. In addition, QAC has a higher physiological activity than QST.

The Effect of Green Oak Acorn (Quercus ilex) Based Diet on Growth Performance and Meat Fatty Acid Composition of Broilers

  • Bouderoua, Kaddour;Mourot, Jacques;Selselet-Attou, Ghalem
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.843-848
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    • 2009
  • This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of oak acorns and corn on broilers growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat fatty acid (FA) composition according to different ages of broilers. Two separate groups of 400 male broilers, reared for six weeks, were fed diets containing 33.5% green oak acorns (GO) and 67% of corn (C), respectively. At day 35, the body weight of the chickens fed the GO diet was 12% lower (p<0.05) compared with controls (C). However, at day 56 birds reached similar final weights. Abdominal adipose tissue (AAT) was 78% higher in the controls compared to those fed the oak acorn-based diet. The total lipids (TL) of thigh muscle were higher in the controls compared to dietary treatment GO (3.1 against 2.5 g/100 g of muscle). There were significant differences in fatty acid (FA) composition of the muscle between two groups. The broilers fed oak acorn exhibited more C18:2, as well as a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and PUFA:SFA (saturated fatty acid) ratio than those on the control diet, but no significant differences were observed among groups for the age of birds. There was a higher proportion of linolenic acid in broilers fed the oak acorn compared to the controls (0.8 vs. 0.6%). Furthermore, linolenic acid content decreased with age (p<0.001) in both groups. The results indicated no significant differences in FA with the age of birds. In conclusion, the meat fatty acids provided by the GO diet appeared to improve the nutritional quality preferred by the consumer.

감마선과 Methyl Bromide 처리가 도토리 종실의 해충사멸과 이화학적 품질에 미치는 영향 (Comparative Effects of Gamma Irradiation and Methyl Bromide Fumigation on Disinfestation and Physicochemical Quality of Acorn)

  • 권중호;김수진;정형욱;권용정;변명우
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.199-206
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    • 1998
  • 전분 추출용으로 대부분 사용되고 있는 도토리 종실의 가해해충 사멸방법을 연구할 목적으로 현행 검역해충 사멸방법인 methyl bromide (MBr) 훈증처리와 감마선 조사법에 대하여 살충효과와 이들이 몇 가지 이화학적 품질에 미치는 영향을 비교 검토하였다. 국내산 도토리의 가해해충은 도토리밤바구미 (Curculio drntipes Roelofs)와 복숭아명나방 (Dichocrocis punctiferalis Guenee)으로 확인되었다. 이들 해충의 사멸시험에서 상업적 조건의 MBr 훈증은 처리 직후부터 살충효과가 완전하였고, 감마선의 경우에는 조사 3일째에는 1-3 kGy, 조사후 1개월 경에는 0.5-1 kGy의 조사선량에서 해충의 치사율이 100%에 달하였다. 훈증처리된 도토리는 처리 직후 명도 (L값)의 감소와 황색도 (b값) 및 갈색도의 증가현상이 유의적이었으나 0.5-2 kGy 조사구에서는 대조구와 큰 차이가 없었다. 시료의 총페놀 성분과 환원당에 있어서도 훈증처리구는 대조구와 조사구에 비해 함량의 감소가 크게 나타났다. 시료를 통기포장하여 5-1$0^{\circ}C$의 조건에서 6개월간 저장 중 훈증처리구는 부패현상이 심하여 대체방안이 요구되었으며, 3 kGy 미만의 감마선 조사는 적용가능성이 인정되었다.

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Morphological Characteristics of Leaves, Trichomes and acorns in artificial hybrids of Quercus aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula and Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula hybrids

  • Lee, Jeong-Ho;Kang, Kyu-Suk
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.266-272
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    • 2009
  • Morphological characteristics of leaves, trichomes and acorns were investigated in 6-year-old artificial hybrids of Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula and Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula. Leaf shapes of Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula $F_{1}$ were obovate and resembled to that of Q. aliena. But several characters including the size of leaf and petiole and the shape of leaf base resembled to those of Q. mongolica var. crispula. In F1 hybrids, small stellate hairs distributed sparsely on the abaxial surface and their lay length was intermediate between both parents. There were no big differences on characters of nuts and cupules between both parents and $F_{1}$ hybrids. Leaf shapes of Q. serrata ${\times}$ Q. mongolica var. crispula $F_{1}$ were obovate-elliptic, and the leaf shape and leaf base and the length of petiole resembled to those of Q. mongolica var. crispula, but leaf size and serration resembled to those of Q. serrata. The number of serration in a leaf was intermediate between both parents. Small stellate hairs distributed sparsely and large single hairs were mixed on the reverse side of leaves. there were no big differences on the number and size of stellate hairs between $F_{1}$ hybrid and Q. serrata. It is able to distinguish $F_{1}$ hybrids from both parents by the size leaf size and shapes, leaf base and serration, petiole length and trichome type in the leaf.

미생물(微生物) Tannase를 이용한 도토리주(酒)의 실험적(實驗的) 제조(製造) (Experimental Manufacture of Acorn Wine by Fungal Tannase)

  • 채수규;유태종
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.326-332
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    • 1983
  • 미생물 tannase를 식품가공에 응용하기 위한 하나의 연구로 도토리 tannin 분해력이 강한 Aspergillus sp. AN-11 균주를 접종하여 만든 곡자를 이용하여 도토리주(酒)의 실험적 제조를 시도하였다. 도토리의 전분가(澱粉價)는 72.84 로서 탄수화물(炭水化物) 식품(食品)으로서 개발(開發) 이용(利用) 가치가 있었다. 도토리 주조용(酒造用)으로 적합한 곡자로서 발효에 저해작용을 나타내는 tannin 성분을 효과적으로 분해하기 위하여 쌀과 도토리를 50 : 50 으로 혼합하고 여기에 당화력(糖化力)이 강한 Aspergillus oryzae 균주와 tannase 활성도(活性度)가 우수한 Aspergillus sp. AN-11 균주를 접종하여 제조한 혼합 절충곡자를 선정하여 사용하였다. 도토리분(粉)을 전처리로서 하룻밤 침수시켜 여분의 물을 제거한 후 증자한 것을 담금 시료로 하여 선정된 혼합 절충곡자들 사용하여 발효시킨 시험구(試驗區)가 전체 발효과정을 통하여 알코올 생성 속도 및 당의 발효율이 무처리한 도토리분(粉)에 보통 곡자를 사용한 시험구에 비하여 약 2배정도 우세한 경향을 나타내었다.

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지리산국립공원 참나무류의 결실량에 대한 연구 (Analysis of Acorn Production of Quercus spp. in Mt. Jiri National Park)

  • 김정진;김정운;정혜란;정재민;강미영;조민기;문현식
    • 농업생명과학연구
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2012
  • 참나무류 견과는 야생동물들의 주요한 먹이자원이기 때문에 지리산국립공원(피아골, 빗점, 장당골, 뱀사골, 한신계곡, 칠선계곡)에서 2008년부터 3년간 참나무류를 대상으로 견과 생산량을 조사하였고, 지역별, 고도별, 사면별 결실특성을 분석하였다. 결실량의 많고 적음에 따라 조사지별로 다른 결실특성을 나타냈으며, 결실량이 많은 해에는 빗점과 장당골 지역이 가장 많은 결실량을 보였고, 결실량이 적은 해에는 빗점과 한신계곡의 결실량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 고도별 특성에 따라 결실량이 많은 해에는 1000 m와 900 m, 결실량이 적은 해에는 800 m와 900 m에서 많은 결실량을 나타내었다. 또한 전 조사기간 동안 남사면이 북사면에 비해 많은 견과생산량을 나타내었다.

Screening and isolation of Antibiotic Resistance Inhibitors from Herb Materials IV- Resistance Inhibitors from Anetheum graveolens and Acorns gramineus

  • Kim, Hye-Kyung;Moon, Kyung-Ho;Ryu, Shi-Yong;Moon, Dong-Cheul;Lee, Chung-Kyu
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.734-737
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    • 1998
  • The hexane fractions from methanolic extracts of Anetheum graveolens L. (Umbelliferae) and Acorus gramineus Soland. (Araceae) revealed potent inhibitory activities against the resistance of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA2 when combined with ampicillin (Am) or chloramphenicol (Cm). As active principles, carvone and the liquid mixture containing carvone from Anetheum graveolens L. and a liquid mixture mainly consisting of benzoic acid phenyl-methyl ester (benzyl benzoate) from Acorus gramineus Soland. were identified. They showed resistance inhibition at the level of 20-50${\mu}g$/ml when combined with 100 or ${\mu}g$/ml of Am or Cm, respectively.

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