• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2002

Dyeing properties of the colorants extracted from acorn on wool fabric were investigated. Effects of dyeing temperature, dyeing time, repeating, and pH on dye uptake and colorfastness were explored. Acorn colorants showed very good affinity to wool fiber and produced bright to dark brown color ranged 4.81-8.97YR, 4.46-7.47/1.79-3.35. ,Higher temperature increased dye adsorption, so did longer time and more repeating. Washfastness was fairly good. The Dyed wool fabric had deeper color after irradiation to light. pH had an effect on the development of color, also. Dye uptake and washfastness were higher in acidic and alkaline pH than in neutral pH solution.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.178-181
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• 1998

An exopolysaccharide, designated as A49-Pol, was produced from Bacillus polymyxa KCTC 8648P in nitrogen sufficient conditions. The viscosity of the culture broth increased up to $2\times10^4$cP in 38 hours of culture and then decreased to $1.5\times10^4$CP at 48 hours. The $1.0\%$ (w/v) solution of purified A49-Pol represented pseudoplasticity with a viscosity of $2.7\times10^4$cP which was two times higher than xanthan at the same concentration. The viscosity of the A49-Pol solution was also greatly affected by its concentration in comparison with the xanthan solution. The viscosity of $1.0\%$ A49-Pol solution was 930-fold higher than its $0.2\%$ solution, whereas the corresponding viscosities of xanthan solution experienced only l7-fold difference. The viscosity was observed to be maximum at pH 7.0 in both A49-Pol and xanthan solutions, and gradually decreased as the pHs of the polysaccharide solutions went to acidic or alkaline regions. The viscosity of A49-Pol solution was very sensitive to temperature compared to xanthan and decreased with increasing temperature. The viscosity of $0.6\%$ solution of A49-Pol was 8,100 cP at $10^{\circ}C$ and 55 cP at $50^{\circ}C$. The viscosity was also affected by the presence of surfactants such as Span 20 and Triton X-l00 ; with $0.5\%$ Triton X-l00 (v/v), the viscosity of A49-Pol solution increased by $50\%$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.217-221
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• 1992

Total polysaccharide contents in Panax ginseng roots were evaluated by a spectrophotometry, utilizing the complex formation of ginseng polysaccharide with alcian blue dye in 50 mM ammonium biphosphate, pH 4.2. The total polysaccharide content in red ginseng was about three times higher than that in fresh ginseng when both were extracted with water, and was increased about two times when red ginseng was extracted with an alkaline solution. The determination of total polysaccharide in various parts of ginseng revealed that main roots contained the component more than fine roots. Fresh ginseng sections stained by the dye showed polysaccharide mainly found in cortex and cambium but not in epidermis. Pattern-analysis on total and acidic polysaccharides from fresh and red ginsengs exhibited that the chemical compositions of the polysaccharides extracted from both ginsengs quite differed from each other.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.57-59
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• 2008

While searching for pancreatic lipase inhibitors, the active compound was found in a methanol extract of Apis mellifera venome. The active compound was isolated by Diaion HP-20 column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and HPLC. The active compound is stable to the extreme pH and heat. There is no loss of activity both in acidic and alkaline solution in the pH range of 2 to 11 by heating for 15 minutes at $90^{\circ}C$. The rf value of the compound was 0.51 at TLC with butanol : methanol: water (4:1:2) solvent system. The molecular weight of the compound was determined to be 293 by EI-MS.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.46-54
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• 1999

The conventional dyeing of wool/cotton blends involves a two bath two step method, i.e., after dyeing of the wool component with acid dyes in an acidic dyebath at $100^\circ{C}$, the dyeing of the cotton component with reactive dyes in an alkaline dyebath is performed. In order to overcome the disadvantage of the conventional two bath two step dyeing method of wool/cotton blends, it had prompted significant effort to the development of the one bath dyeing method which can accomplish savings in time, energy and water usage. To improve dyeing property of wool/cotton blends, cotton component was pretreated with cationizing agent containing chlorohydrine group in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. This study was carried out to investigate dyeing possibilities of wool/cationized cotton blends with acid dye/reactive dye by one bath two step method.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.547-556
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• 2000

용액 내 구리이온의 흡착제로 망간단괴를 사용하여 흡착 및 탈착 양상변화를 검토하였다. 망간단괴의 흡착능은 100 ppm의 구리 용액에 대해 90% 이상의 흡착율을 나타냈으며 흡착평형 시간이 약 42 시간이고 흡착평형에 이르는 반응은 1차반응속도식을 따름을 알 수 있었다. 구리이온이 흡착된 망간단괴를 pH를 3.5~9.5 범위에서 조정하여 탈착실험한 결과, 산성영역에서 100%에 이르는 탈착율을 보였으나 pH가 증가함에 따라 탈착율은 점차 감소하여 염기성영역에서는 탈착율이 약 20 % 정도였다. 또한 산성영역에서는 염기성영역에 비해 탈착속도가 증대됨을 알 수 있었다. 온도에 따른 탈착반응에서는 온도가 증가함에 따라 탈착율이 감소하여 구리이온의 탈착반응이 발열반응임을 파악하였으며, 이를 기초로 탈착반응의 열역학적 계산을 수행하였다. 탈착반응에 있어 착화합물제의 효과를 검토하기 위해 EDTA를 사용한 경우 탈착율이 증가하였으며 EDTA의 농도가 증가함에 따라 탈착율이 점차 증가하였다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1995

홍화의 견, 모시 염색에 있어서 전통방법의 염색 조건을 구명하고자 황색소를 추출 제거하고 건조시킨 홍화에 잿물을 첨가하여 추출한 홍색소용액에 오미자추출액으로 pH를 조절한 후 소정 조건에서 정련 견직물, 생견직물 및 모시직물을 염색한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 홍색색소 추출에 사용된 볏짚, 콩대 및 쪽대 등 태운 잿물의 종류에 따른 pH는 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 홍색색소 추출에 사용된 홍화량은 10g/l 정도가 적당하였다. 3. 홍색색소 추출 및 염색온도는 4$0^{\circ}C$가 적당하였다. 4. pH조절을 위한 오미자추출액의 첨가는 10% 정도, 오미자추출에 사용된 오미자량은 10g/l가 적당하였다. 5. 염색견뢰도는 모시직물이 견직물보다 약간 높았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2006

두부 순물 분말 및 NF 분리 농축 분말의 일반성분과 이들 분말을 식품에 첨가할 경우 반드시 고려해야할 유지 및 수분 흡착력, 용해도, 유화력과 밀가루 반죽에 첨가시 리올로지 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 일반 성분의 경우, 순물 분말과 순물의 NF 분리농축 분말의 수분 함량은 큰 차이가 없었고, NF 분리농축 분말의 회분 함량은 17.5%로 순물 분말에 비해 27.6% 정도 낮았다. 순물 분말과 NF 분리 농축 분말은 각각 0.97, 0.94 g/g의 유지 흡착력을 가지고 있어 ISP의 유지 흡착력에 비해 낮았으며, NF분리 농축 분말의 경우 수분 흡수력은 나타나지 않았다. 증류수, 0.1M 및 0.5M NaCl 처리구에서 NF 농축 분말은 순물분말과는 달리 pH 6.0 부근에서 각각 가장 낮은 단백질 용해도를 나타내었다. 4% 및 6% NF 분리 농축 분말용액의 유화력은각각 pH4.0 및 6.0에서 최저값을 나타내었으며 EAI 값은 19${\sim}$50으로 순물 분말보다 3${\sim}$8배 정도 낮았다. 유리아미노산 함량에 있어서 NF분리 농축 분말의 경우 threonine이 854.87 mgg%로 가장 많이 함유되었으며 그 다음이 arginine >tyrosine >glycine순으로 높게 나타났다. NF 분리 농축 분말의총 유리아미노산 함량은 2,110.1 mgg%로 순물 분말보다 약 21배 정도 높았다. 또한 밀가루에 NF 분리 농축분말을 첨가한 경우 그 첨가량이 증가할수록 최고 점도와 최종 점도 모두 감소하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.300-308
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• 2009

In a pursuit of the development of alternative mobile power sources with a high energy density, a planar and air-breathing PEMFCs with a new type of hydrogen cartridge which uses onsite $H_2$ generated from sodium borohydride ($NaBH_4$) hydrolysis have been investigated for use in advanced power systems. Two types of $H_2$ generation through $NaBH_4$ hydrolysis are available: (1) using organic acids such as sulphuric acid, malic acid, and sodium hydrogen carbonate in aqueous solution with solid $NaBH_4$ and (2) using solid selected catalysts such as Pt, Ru, CoB into the stabilized alkaline $NaBH_4$ solution. It might therefore be relevant at this stage to evaluate the relative competitiveness of the two methods mentioned above. The effects of flow rate of stabilized $NaBH_4$ solution, MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly) improvement, and type and flow control of the catalytic acidic solution have been studied and the cell performances of the planar, air-breathing PEMFCs using $NaBH_4$ has been measured from aspects of power density, fuel efficiency, energy density, and fast response of cell. In our experiments, planar, air-breathing PEMFCs using $NaBH_4$ achieved to maximum power density of 128mW/$cm^2$ at 0.7V and energy efficiency of 46% and has many advantages such as low operating temperature, sustained operation at a high power density, compactness, the potential for low cost and volume, long stack life, fast star-up and suitability for discontinuous operation.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.83-88
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• 1999

This study was carried out to examine the behavior of THM formation in water treated with chlorine dioxide where humic acid was used as THM precursor. THM was not detected in bromide-free water, but formed in water containing bromide. When 10 mg/l of chlorine dioxide was added to water containing 5 mg/l of humic acid and bromide respectively, 20.46 ${\mu}$g/l of THM was formed. It is postulated that chlorine dioxide oxidize bromide to hydrobromous acid, which subsequently reacted with humic acids similar to chlorine reaction. The formation of THM could be reduced at low pH. Among THM formed, CHBr$_3$ was the predominant species in the alkaline solution, while CHCl$_3$ in the acidic solution. A sample pretreated with chlorine dioxide for 24h before addition of chlorine showed a reduction of 75.1% in THM formation, compared with a sample not pretreated with chlorine dioxide and a sample treated by chlorine for 24h prior to addition of chlorine dioxide also showed a reduction of 37.8% in THM formation, compared with a sample not added with chlorine dioxide. It may explain that chlorine dioxide oxidizes directly a fraction of THM.