• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.186.2-187
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• 2003

A sexual dimorphism in terbufos (S-t-butylthiomethyl-O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate: TBF) toxicity was not reported and remains unclear. Previously. we reported that TBF treatment showed sexual dimorphic effects on acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. We further investigated that sexual dimorphism of TBF was affected to age and brain-regional selectivity, and whether ovary plays an important role in the effect. (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.143.2-144
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• 2002

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.389-396
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• 2014

쇠비름의 활용 및 생리활성을 증가시킬 수 있는 적정 추출방법을 알아보고자 환류냉각, 가압가열 및 저온고압 추출법을 이용하여 추출한 쇠비름 70% 에탄올 추출물의 생리활성을 비교하였다. 추출수율은 환류냉각추출, 가압가열추출, 저온고압추출 순으로 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 색도에서는 저온고압추출에서 명도와 황색도가 높았고, 채도의 경우 가압가열 및 저온고압추출에서 높았다. 폴리페놀 및 프로안토시아니딘 함량은 저온고압추출이 환류냉각 및 가압가열추출에 비해 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 가압가열추출에서 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성은 저온고압추출이 환류냉각 및 가압가열 추출에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타낸 반면 철 이온에 대한 제거효과의 경우 환류냉각추출 및 가압가열추출에서 높은 활성을 나타내었다. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase 및 XO 저해활성은 저온고압추출에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 한편 AChE 저해활성에서는 저온고압추출, 가압가열추출, 환류냉각추출 순으로 높은 활성을 나타내었고, TLC bioassay를 통하여 살펴본 결과 특정 compound들에 의해 AChE 저해 활성이 나타났으며 퇴행성 질환의 하나인 치매의 예방 가능성을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때 저온고압추출물이 소재 활용가치가 높을 것으로 사료되며 천연항산화제 및 기능성 증진을 위한 소재로 이용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2017

During the search for anticholinesterase compounds from marine organisms, we were able to isolate 6,6'-bieckol from a red alga, Grateloupia elliptica. This compound showed moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity in a micromole range ($IC_{50}$ $44.5{\mu}M$). However, for butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), a new target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it showed particularly potent inhibitory activity ($IC_{50}$ $27.4{\mu}M$), which is more potent compared to AChE. It also inhibits BACE-1, a new target for reducing the generation of ${\beta}-amyloid$.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.298-304
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• 2016

Dianthus superbus (D. superbus) is a traditional crude drug used for the treatment of urethritis, carbuncles and carcinomas. The objective of this study was to confirm the cognitive enhancing effect of D. superbus in memory impairment induced mice and to elucidate the possible potential mechanism. Effect of D. superbus on scopolamine induced memory impairment on mice was evaluated using the Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. We also investigated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) expression in scopolamine-induced mice. HPLC-DAD analysis was performed to identify active compounds in D. superbus. The results revealed that D. superbus attenuated the learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine. D. superbus also inhibited AChE levels in the hippocampi of the scopolamine-injected mice. Moreover, D. superbus increased BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Eight compounds were identified using HPLC-DAD analysis. The content of 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid was higher than contents of other compounds. These results indicated that D. superbus improved memory functioning accompanied by inhibition of AChE and upregulation of BDNF, suggesting that D. superbus may be a useful therapeutic agent for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1995

This study was carried out to elucidate the toxic mechanism of cadmium in peripheral nerve. An animal model of cadmium neuropathy was induced by feeding diet containing cadmium to Sprague- Dawley rat (or two weeks. Four weeks aged Sprague- Dawley rats were divided into four groups : normal control group, 10ppm- cadmium treated group, 100ppm- cadmium treated group, 1000ppm- cadmium treated group, reference drug- treated group. All rats were sacrificed at the end of two weeks for assessing the development of cadmium neuropathy, These results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. Cadmium reduced peripheral flow of both acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase in rat sciatic nerve. 2. The toxic mechanism of cadmium might be the result of an reduction of myo-inositol concentration in peripheral nervous system 3. Reduction in myo-inositol content of peripheral nerve resulted from the inhibition of sodium- Potassium ATPase activity, which is responsible for myo-inositol transport, by cadmium 4. Oral administration of myo-inositol improved the flow of both acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterasenerve in cadmium intoxicated rat. These results suggest that mild cadmium neuropathy might be diagnosed by checking nervous myo-inositol content and oral administraion of myo-inositol might prevent the development of severe cadmium neuropathy with special reference to detective axonal transport.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2010

With an increase in the number of people suffering from ageing-related diseases in our rapidly aging society, interests in natural products such as maca(Lepidium meyenii), which has properties of enhancing cognition and sexual performance, have increased. This study was conducted to assess the effects of 7 weeks of maca extract supplementation(0.5~2.0 g/kg BW) on scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice and on sperm count in male mice. All doses of maca supplementation significantly protected against scopolamine-induced amnesia as determined by a Morris water maze, but not according to passive avoidance tests. Maca supplementation did not affect acetylcholinesterase activity in the whole brain, nor the testicular sperm count of male mice. This study suggests that maca may have some neuroprotective properties in mice, which will be further examined by future studies.

• 생약학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.210-216
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• 1990

Effects of the protein fraction of Panax ginseng on chicken embryonic skeletal muscle cells cultured with a decfiient medium were studied. The protein fraction was further fractionated into four groups according to the molecular weight; larger than 10,000 dalton(fraction A), between 5,000 and 10,000 dalton(fraction B), between 1,000 and 5,000 dalton(fraction C), between 500 and 1,000 dalton(fraction D). According to the microscopic observation, all four protein fractions at the concentration of $10{\sim}100{\;}{\mu}g/ml$ showed the tendency to stimulate the growth and differentiation of the muscle cells. The activity of acetylcholinesterase in muscle cells was significantly elevated by the protein fraction A at the concentration of $100{\mu}{\;}g/ml$. Protein fractions B,C and D significantly enhanced the synthesis of RNA in the muscle cells. The synthesis of DNA in muscle cells was significantly enhanced by protein fractions A,B and C.

• 생약학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2016

The present GC-MS analysis elucidated the composition of the essential oil obtained from the herb of Elsholtzia ciliata(Lamiaceae). Overall, the content of monoterpenes was higher than that of sesquiterpenes. Monoterpenes rich in this oil were carvone (peak area, 26.180%), camphor (2.304%), borneol (9.974%), dihydrocarveol (3.296%), ${\alpha}$-citral (=geranial, 4.025%), geranic acid (2.961%), while sesquiterpenes occupying relatively higher percentage were ${\alpha}$-humulene (0.918%), (-)-spathulenol (0.974%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene oxide (2.014%), globulol (1.362%), ${\beta}$-caryophyllene oxide (0.750%). The components characterizing this oil were 1-octen-3-ol, acetophenone, and butylated hydroxytoluene. The $IC_{50}$ of this oil on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were $42.37{\mu}g/ml$ and $121.34{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, suggesting that the essential oil of E. ciliata may be active on the memory loss of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.348-354
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• 2010

Black ginseng and white ginseng were extracted with 80% ethanol and evaluated for relative ginsenoside composition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities, and antioxidant properties. As analyzed by HPLC, black ginseng contained a greater proportion of ginsenoside $Rg_3$ compared to white ginseng. White ginseng was characterized by undetectable ginsenoside $Rg_3$ but it contained more total ginsenosides than black ginseng. Black ginseng extract exhibited higher (p<0.05) free radical-scavenging activity, as well as higher antioxidant activities than white ginseng against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl, superoxide dismutase, and xanthine oxidase, despite the fact that the total saponin content was higher in white ginseng than black ginseng. In addition, the black ginseng extract displayed greater AChE and BChE inhibitory activities. These results suggest that black ginseng has stronger effects on anti-oxidation and AChE and BChE inhibition than white ginseng.