• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.763-769
• /
• 2020

Objective: The experiment was conducted to study the effect of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) fruit peel powder (RP) on feed consumption, digestibility of nutrients, ruminal fermentation dynamics and microbial population in Thai breed cattle. Methods: Four, 2-year old (250±15 kg) beef bull crossbreds (75% Brahman×25% local breed) were allotted to experimental treatments using a 4×4 Latin square design. Four dietary supplementation treatments were imposed; non-supplementation (control, T1); supplementation of RP fed at 2% of dry matter intake (DMI) (low, T2); supplementation of RP fed at 4% of DMI (medium, T3) and supplementation of RP fed at 6% of DMI (high, T4). All cattle were given a concentrate supplement at 1% of body weight while Napier grass was provided as a free choice. Results: The findings revealed that RP supplementation did not negatively affect (p>0.05) DMI of Napier grass, while RP intake and total DMI were the greatest in the RP supplementation at 4% and 6% DMI. Nevertheless, the nutrients (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber) digestibilities were not changed in the RP supplementation groups. Rumen fermentation parameters especially those of total volatile fatty acids, acetate and butyrate were not significantly changed. However, the propionate concentration was remarkably increased (p<0.05) in the RP supplementation. Notably, the ratio of acetate to propionate, the number of protozoa, as well as the methane estimation were significantly reduced in the RP supplemented groups (4% and 6% of DMI), while the counts of bacteria was not altered. Conclusion: Supplementation of RP (4% of DMI) improved rumen propionate production, reduced protozoal population and methane estimation (p<0.05) without a negative effect on feed consumption and nutrients total tract digestibilities in beef cattle. Using dietary rambutan fruit peel powder has potential promise as a rumen regulator.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.252-256
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to determine the effect of vitamin E and vitamin C on the performance of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) reared under heat stress during the growth and egg production period. A total of 810 seven-day-old Japanese quails were used in the trial. The birds received a diet with either three levels of vitamin E (DL-${\alpha}$Tocopheryl acetate) (60, 120 and 240 mg/kg of diet) and vitamin C (ROVIMIX STAY-C 35) (60, 120 and 240 mg/kg of diet). Live weight on day 35 and weight gain were the lowest in the group of chicks on a combination of 60 mg of vitamin E and 60 mg of vitamin C, whereas the highest live weight was demonstrated in chicks on a combination of 240 mg of vitamin E and 240 mg of vitamin C (p<0.01). The effects of treatments on cumulative feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, age at 5% lay, sexual maturity weight, rate of lay and mean egg weight values were found to be significant (p<0.01). The highest feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, age at 5% lay, sexual maturity weight, rate of lay and mean egg weight values were found in the group on a combination of 240 mg of vitamin E and 240 mg of vitamin C. The effect of treatments on the mortality ratio was found to be insignificant (p>0.01). The cost of supplementing diets with vitamin E and vitamin C is very low. Therefore such a combination of supplement can offer a potential protective management practice in preventing heat stress related losses in performance of Japanese quails.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제27권12호
• /
• pp.1298-1304
• /
• 2005

Citrobacter Amalonaticus strain JB101을 이용하여 과염소산염과 질산염이 동시에 존재할 때 두 전자수용체 간의 경쟁특성을 파악하고, MBR(membrane bioreactor)을 이용한 과염소산염 처리 가능성을 검토하였다. 과염소산 및 질산염에 대한 strain JB101의 비성장속도는 각각 0.27 및 0.58 $hr^{-1}$, 최대기질이용속도는 각각 35.1 mg $ClO_4^-/g$ protein-day 및 45.6 mg $NO_3^-/g$ protein-day이었다. 질산염은 과염소산염에 대한 경쟁적 저해제이었으며, strain JB101은 과염소산보다는 질산염을 전자수용체로 선호하였다. 유입 과염소산염 농도가 20 mg/L이였던 HCMBR에서는 막 면적당 부하 4.6 g $ClO_4^-/m^2-day$까지 과염소산염의 제거효율이 100%이었으나, 질산염 5 mg/L를 첨가하자 질산염은 완전히 제거되었으나 과염소산염 제거효율이 96.5%로 감소하였다. 유입 과염소산염 농도가 0.7 mg/L이였던 LCMBR에서는 부하 0.23 g $ClO_4^-/m^2-day$까지 과염소산염의 제거효율이 100%이었다. 두 MBR 모두 높은 부하에서는 막의 막힘현상이 문제로 제기되었다. 과염소산염에 대한 아세트산염 소모비는 LCMBR의 경우 $13.7{\sim}51.7$로 HCMBR의 $2.5{\sim}3.6$보다 높았으며, 이는 아세트산염이 산소를 전자수용체로 이용하여 소모되었기 때문이다. 따라서 전자공여체 첨가량은 유입수에 포함된 다른 전자수용체의 농도를 고려하여 결정하여야 한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2003

This study investigated the effects of high amylose starch (HAS) consumption on gut functions in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental animals were fed an diet containing HAS for 4 weeks (0, 125, 250, 500 g/kg diet). Stool weights, transit time, the pH of cecum, Bifidobacterium growth, short chain fatty acid production, and prostaglandin E$_2$production in colon mucus were measured. HAS intake did not affect body weight gain or food efficiency ratio during experimental period. There were no significant differences in kidney weight, epididymal fat pad weights or spleen weights, but the weights of the liver and thymus were significantly lower in the HAS100 group. The length of the large intestine, the weights of the cecum wall and cecum contents, and stool weights significantly increased through HAS intake. But transit time was not affected by the experimental diet. Although Bifidobacterium growth in the cecum increased through the HAS intake dose dependently, there were significant differences in the HAS50 and HAS100 groups. HAS intake increased the production of short chain fatty acid in the cecum contents. In particular, acetate and butyrate concentrations grew significantly. And the production of prostaglandin E$_2$in the colon mucus significantly decreased through HAS intake. These results demonstrate that high amylose starch intake significantly improves gut function.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.789-796
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 소비자의 안전과 관련하여 일부 한국식품에서의 벤조산과 소르빈산의 함량과 안전소비량을 평가하고자 하였다. 몇 개 브랜드의 과일 쥬스, 요거트, 치즈, 말린 과일류, 잼, 마가린을 대전의 시장에서 구입하여 HPLC로 분석하였다. $C_{18}$ column을 사용하여 chromatogmphic separation을 얻었으며 35:65 비율의 methanol acetate buffer(PH 4.4)로 벤조산과 소르빈산을 초기 mobile phase에서 회수하여 254 nm에서 분석하였다. 그 결과 과일 쥬스, 요거트, 치즈, 말린 과일류, 잼, 마가린 샘플들의 벤조산 농도는 각기 평균 $40.26{\pm}0.02$, $2.07{\pm}0.06$, $0.02{\pm}0.09$, $0.36{\pm}08$, $265.3{\pm}0.02$와 $27.34{\pm}0.08\;mg/kg$ 였으며 소르빈산의 농도는 각기 평균 $0.92{\pm}0.06$, $1.06{\pm}0.07$, $7.30{\pm}0.01$, $14.14{\pm}0.08$, $25.65{\pm}0.06$와 $4.8{\pm}0.07\;mg/kg$ 였다. 따라서 조사한 식품들의 벤조산과 소르빈산의 사용량은 KFDA 허용치 이하이었으며 벤조산과 소르빈산의 평균 소비량에 대한 EDI 또한 ADI 이하의 안전한 수준이었다.