• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to develop an efficient quantitative method for the determination of acetaldehyde (AA) and formaldehyde (FA) contents in solid and liquid food matrices. The determination of those compounds was validated and performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined by solid phase micro-extraction after derivatization with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-benzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Validation was carried out in terms of limit of detection, limit of quantitation, linearity, precision, and recovery. Then their contents were analyzed in various food samples including 15 fruits, 22 milk products, 31 alcohol-free beverages, and 13 alcoholic beverages. The highest contents of AA and FA were determined in a white wine (40,607.02 ng/g) and an instant coffee (1,522.46 ng/g), respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.328-332
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• 1999

This study was investigated pattern changes of tannin isolated from astringent persimmon fruits. The contents of total phenolics and soluble tannins decreased as the maturing and softening of persimmon fruits proceeded. Green and mature persimmon tannins reacted with acetaldehyde. The more contents of tannin increased, the more reactions became. And the reaction of green Persimmon tannin was more active than mature persimmon tannins. But tannin from soft persimmon fruits did not react with acetaldehyde. Tannins were more polymerized during maturing and softening of fruits. So there was a little difference in chromatography of persimmon tannins. Also green and mature persimmon tannins obtained 4 bands respectively after thin layer chromatography analysis. But there was only 2 bands in soft persimmon tannin. As softening of persimmon fruits proceeded, most of tannins reacted with acetaldehyde, so coagulated. Also the component of soluble tannins was changed during softening of persimmon fruits.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.50-59
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• 2012

In this study, the effect of humidity change on DNPH cartridge sampling efficiency for carbonyl compounds (CCs) has been investigated. For this analysis, gaseous standard of 6 different CCs (formaldehyde (FA), acetaldehyde (AA), propionaldehyde (PA), butyraldehyde (BA), isovaleraldehyde (IA), and valeraldehyde (VA)) was calibrated after derivatization with three types of DNPH cartridge products. Their calibration results derived at RH values between 0 and 80% were then compared against liquid phase standards. If the results of our analysis are compared by the RH values between 20 and 80%, the effect of RH can be distinguished between light and heavy CCs. For lighter CCs (like FA and AA), there was no significant change. However, for the ones heavier than PA, there was fairly noticeable increase in relative recovery ratio in RH value between 20 and 80%. Such patterns are seen consistently from all three DNPH products tested for comparison. The results of our analysis suggest that proper correction for RH change may be needed for heavier CCs by the cartridge method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.2691-2696
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• 2013

The electronic cigarette (E-cigarette) is a battery-powered device that aerosolizes nicotine so that it is readily delivered into the respiratory tract. The analytical data regarding the substances present in E-cigarettes are very limited. The aim of this study was to measure the concentration of aldehydes-formaldehyde (FA), acetaldehyde (AA) and, acrolein (AL)-in 225 replacement liquid brands from 17 E-cigarette shops sold in the Republic of Korea by headspace solid-phase micro extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME GC-MS). The concentration range of FA and AA was 0.02-10.09 mg/L (mean = 2.16 mg/L, detected in 207 of 225 samples) and 0.10-15.63 mg/L (mean = 4.98 mg/L, detected in all samples), respectively. AL was not detected in any of 225 replacement liquids. FA and AA were originally present in almost all replacement liquids of electronic cigarettes.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.504-508
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which acetaldehyde (AA) and formaldehyde (FA) migrated from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles into mineral water during storage at 25 and 35$^{\circ}C$ for 240 days. Generally, AA and FA were observed to migrate more at 35$^{\circ}C$ than at 25$^{\circ}C$. The amount of FA in the samples irradiated under UV lamps was higher than in those stored in the dark over the storage period and vice versa for AA. Using a triangular test, the sensory panels distinguished a difference between one sample and the other two mineral water samples that had been exposed to UV lamps after 60 days of storage at 35$^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). At this time, FA and AA concentrations were measured at 267.4 and 515.3 g/L, respectively. After 120 days, an independent mineral water sample from the other two samples in all treatments could be distinguished by the panel members at a significance level of p<0.001.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.446-456
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• 2010

In this study, the performance characteristics of DNPH sampling were investigated in the collection and analysis of 5 carbonyl compounds (CC) in air using the cartridge products produced by three different makers. For these experiments, gaseous standards of 5 CCs were prepared to cover 9 concentration levels for each compound (33~2600 nmol). Some cartridge products exhibited relatively high blank values of acetaldehyde (AA) and propionaldehyde (PA). The recovery rates of all three cartridges showed moderate reduction as the molecular weight of CC increased. In addition, when the recovery rate was compared by percent error (%), the most stable patterns were achieved in the intermediate concentration range of 263~1312 nmol (in case of AA). The overall results of our study suggest that the optimal range of recovery for a given concentration range should be considered to obtain the most reliable data for the DNPH cartridge method.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2012

In this study, the effect of standard phase difference in calibration of carbonyl compounds (CC) was evaluated by using their standards prepared in both gaseous and liquid phase. For this analysis, standards in both phases were prepared for 6 different CCs (formaldehyde (FA), acetaldehyde (AA), propionaldehyde (PA), butyraldehyde (BA), isovaleraldehyde (IA) and valeraldehyde (VA)) at similar concentration levels. Their gaseous standard was calibrated after derivatization with three types of DNPH cartridge, and their calibration results were compared against liquid-phase standards. Although there was a strong compatibility between 2 phases for CCs with lower molecular weights (e.g., formaldehyde and acetaldehyde), it was not the case for the heavier CCs. The results of our analysis indicate that the analytical bias of the heavier CCs can be significantly large (by more than a few tens of %). As a result, underestimation of hevier CCs can be significant, if their gaseous samples are quantified by liquid phase standard.