• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_2
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• pp.1551-1565
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• 2020

On April 4, 2019, a forest fire started in Goseong County and lasted for three days, burning the neighboring areas of Sokcho. The strong winds moved the blaze from one region to another region and declared the worst wildfire in South Korea in years. More than 1,880 facilities, including 400 homes, were burnt down. The fire burned a total area of 529 hectares (1,307 acres), which involved 13,000 rescuers and 16,500 military troops to control the fire occurrence. Thousands of people were evacuated, and two people are dead. This study generated post-wildfire maps to provide necessary data for evacuation and mitigation planning to respond to this destructive wildfire, also prevent further damage and restore the area affected by the wildfire. This study used KOMPSAT-3A and Sentinel-2 imagery to map the post-wildfire condition. The SVM showed higher accuracy (overall accuracy 95.29%) compared with ANN (overall accuracy of 94.61%) for the KOMPSAT-3A. Moreover, for Sentinel-2, the SVM attained a higher accuracy (overall accuracy of 91.52%) than the ANN algorithm (overall accuracy 90.11%). In total, four post-wildfire burned area maps were generated; these results can be used to assess the area affected by the Sokcho wildfire and wildfire mitigation planning in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 2016

Among the method of aerial fire firefighting, the indirect attack is efficiency way to protect main facilities and it is the aerial fire line construction. According to this study is suggested the fire line construction strategy of indirect attack by helicopter suitable Korea forest fire on theory consideration of indirect attack and experience in practical scene. This study defined that main key points of the fire line construction are accuracy, large quantity, and quickness. Main protection facilities are devided as caution area, warning area, danger area and concern area. Also, it suggested stage-by-stsge from 1 step to 3 step for the aerial fire firefighting correspondence strategy and the fire line construction model. I regard that this study's indirect attack method of the aerial fire firefighting of the fire line construction may be understand about indirect attack tactics and application of indirect attack which is assistance to raise of capability of the aerial fire firefighting with effectiveness and efficiency.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.285-297
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• 2021

Fire safety is one of the most significant issues for the design of mid-rise and high-rise timber structures. A large number of experimental tests were conducted during the last three decades to investigate the fire performance of the dowel-type timber connections. Many influenced parameters (e.g. the thickness of the side timber, the load ratio, the fasteners type etc.) were considered in those experiments. Relevant calculated models were proposed by previous researchers to estimate the fire resistance of the connections. In this study, a series of experimental programs of dowel-type connections in fire are collected. Then, empirical formulas proposed by EN 1995-1-2, Fire safety in timber buildings, and previous researchers are presented and analyzed. The accuracy of those formulas is checked by comparisons between the experimental data and estimated results. The collected experimental research and empirical formulas can be used as the reference for the fire design of dowel-type timber connections in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.164-165
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• 2021

In Korea, in the case of fire scenarios in performance design, it is assumed that the sprinkler is not working. In addition, it does not applicate various fire conditions. Therefore it is not enough that the accuracy about fire scenario. In foreign countries, reseach is being conducted to predict the casualities that can occur due to fire in the building space through statistical risk analysis. Also, research is consistently conducting for design that consider the sprinker probability of operation. Therefore, to analyze the fire risk of each building in Korea, the risk was analyzed using statistical data. As a result, the risk of casualties that can occur for each building use was analyzed as 0.6(persons/cases) for residential buildings, 0.25(persons/cases) for sales facilities, and 0.12(persons/cases) for buisiness facilities.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.409-423
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• 2024

Using an extensive database, a sensitivity analysis across fifteen machine learning (ML) classifiers was conducted to evaluate the impact of various data manipulation techniques, evaluation metrics, and explainability tools. The results of this sensitivity analysis reveal that the examined models can achieve an accuracy ranging from 72-93% in predicting the fire-induced spalling of concrete and denote the light gradient boosting machine, extreme gradient boosting, and random forest algorithms as the best-performing models. Among such models, the six key factors influencing spalling were maximum exposure temperature, heating rate, compressive strength of concrete, moisture content, silica fume content, and the quantity of polypropylene fiber. Our analysis also documents some conflicting results observed with the deep learning model. As such, this study highlights the necessity of selecting suitable models and carefully evaluating the presence of possible outcome biases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.476-481
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• 2019

Early detection of fire is an important measure for minimizing the loss of life and property damage. However, fire and smoke need to be simultaneously detected. In this context, numerous studies have been conducted on image-based fire detection. Conventional fire detection methods are compute-intensive and comprise several algorithms for extracting the flame and smoke characteristics. Hence, deep learning algorithms and convolution neural networks can be alternatively employed for fire detection. In this study, recorded image data of fire in a ship engine room were analyzed. The flame and smoke characteristics were extracted from the outer box, and the YOLO (You Only Look Once) convolutional neural network algorithm was subsequently employed for learning and testing. Experimental results were evaluated with respect to three attributes, namely detection rate, error rate, and accuracy. The respective values of detection rate, error rate, and accuracy are found to be 0.994, 0.011, and 0.998 for the flame, 0.978, 0.021, and 0.978 for the smoke, and the calculation time is found to be 0.009 s.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.47-53
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• 2014

Despite the automatic fire alarm system, according to the national fire data system of national emergency management agency, the fires account for 40,932 incidents, 2,184 injuries and about 430 billion won in property losses in 2013. Since the conventional automatic fire alarm system has several weaknesses related to electrical signal such as noise, surge, lighting, etc. Most fires are mainly caused by electrical faults, mechanical problem, chemical, carelessness and natural. The electrical faults such as line to ground fault, line to line fault, electrical leakage and arc are one of the major problems in fire. This paper describes the development of a novel real-time fire monitoring system algorithm including fault detection function which puts the existing optic smoke and heat detectors for fire detection with current and voltage sensors in order to utility fault monitoring using high accuracy DAQ measurement system with LabVIEW program. The fire detection and electrical fault monitoring with a proposed a new detection algorithm are implemented under several test. The fire detection and monitoring system operates according to the proposed algorithm well.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.51-59
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• 2018

Although a fire curtain plays an important role in preventing smoke from spreading to the auditorium in a theater fire, there has been insufficient research on fire curtains. In this study, to check the accuracy of numerical simulation, for previous experiments using a reduced scale model, a numerical simulation was carried out, and the results were compared with previous experimental data. The fire curtain effect was then predicted numerically. A Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was used, and the natural exhaust vent sizes were set to ~10%, ~5%, and ~1% of the stage floor area. The smoke movement was visualized, and the mass flow rates and temperatures were measured and analyzed. In addition, the law of similarity was used to examine the influence of a fire curtain in a real scale theater fire. Without the fire curtain, the present numerical simulation results were in agreement with the previous experimental data within reasonable accuracy. Meanwhile, the fire curtain affects the mass flow rates through the natural exhaust vent and proscenium opening, as well as the start time of soot outflow to the auditorium. Overall, the present results can be used to develop a fire curtain system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.139-144
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• 2006

Forest fire is due to difficulty in approaching the forest fire at the time of forest fire and quite a long of time required for post-fire investigation, accurate analysis of damages to the forest area caused by forest fire is difficult to obtain. Recently, In attempt to overcome such difficulty, many researches are using satellite images. Nevertheless, it is not easy for everyone to obtain the satellite image data, and additional researches in order to verify accuracy of such data are also required. Therefore, in this study for satellite image to about damages to the forest areas caused by forest fire using tile selected two data of spectral reflectance of the vegetation, gained by using a spectrometer. That is we wished to search about mistake that is apt to happen by one time eyesight observation by analyzing two datas that is used spectral radiometer 3 months and 6 months later and gets.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.590-598
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• 2017

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of hazardous events, such as fire accidents. Monitoring systems that rely on human resources depend on people; hence, the performance of the system can be degraded when human operators are fatigued or tensed. It is easy to use fire alarm boxes; however, these are frequently activated by external factors such as temperature and humidity. We propose an approach to fire detection using an image processing technique. In this paper, we propose a fire detection method using multichannel information and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) image features. Multi-channels consist of RGB, YCbCr, and HSV color spaces. The flame color and smoke texture information are used to detect the flames and smoke, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs better than the previous method in terms of accuracy of fire detection.