• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.327-337
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the direction and significance of variables influencing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) decisions regarding accounting policy in Vietnam. Research data was collected through a survey of 296 subjects, including chief accountants, accountants, managers, and lecturers with practical experience in accounting work at enterprises. With the help of specialized software SPSS, determining the impact of factors on the choice of accounting policy of enterprises is done through a multivariate regression model with control tools Cronbach's alpha determination, EFA factor analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. Research results show that there are seven factors affecting the choice of accounting policy in Vietnamese SMEs; in which, the factors information technology, legal environment, information demand, manager's awareness, and accounting qualification have a positive impact; and two factors are tax pressure, and financial leverage have a negative impact on accounting policy choice. These results are consistent with most of the previously published studies. However, in contrast to many previous studies, our research shows that accounting's psychological factor does not affect the accounting policy choice. This is consistent with the characteristics of SMEs in Vietnam because the role of accountants is not appreciated in the business.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.49-70
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• 2011

This paper re-evaluated the research on the accounting information's effectiveness in military construction contracts, questioning the former research results on the central army's construction contract that was under the Qualification Assessment System, especially concerning the relations between the accounting information and the bidding ratios as well as the relations between the bidding rates and the defect rates, which targeted between 1 to 10 billions civil engineering, construction, electricity, telecommunication, and environment work types. Unlike the previous results, the relationship between the accounting information and the bidding rates was shown to be considerably limited that the bidding ratio could not be identified through the accounting information, while it could discern the relations with the defect rates. Furthermore, the proven results did not support the hypothesis that the differences in bidding rates could affect the defect ratio. However, through the prediction model of bidding and defect ratios, we could identity the accounting variables that influenced the ratios. Additionally through the results regarding the non-financial indexes in the Pre-Qualification items, the weight on these indexes could be adjusted. In conclusion, the research results has given us new understanding of the problems in the Qualification Assessment System which accounts for the majority of the current military construction contracts and provide validity on the government's expanded implementation of the Lowest Price Award System.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.313-324
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• 2022

The goal of this research is to see how closely accounting programs in Saudi Arabian colleges comply with the International Accounting Education Standards (IESs). Further, it aims to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of IESs among accounting academics and to examine the possible explanatory factors for their variation. A structured questionnaire was sent to accounting faculty members at 37 Saudi universities. Out of 541 distributed questionnaires, a total of 102 usable responses were received from 26 universities. The findings show that accounting programs in Saudi universities are partially compliant with the guidelines of IESs and accounting academics in those universities are moderately aware of IESs. High variation in the level of academics' knowledge of IESs was detected and was significantly influenced by industry work experience, academic ranks, and professional qualification. The findings of this study suggest that Saudi Universities should work closely with the local and international accounting professional bodies, i.e. the Saudi Organization for Chartered and Professional Accountants (SOCPA) and the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) to improve accounting programs based on the guidelines of IESs to cope with the recent changes in the capital market of the kingdom and the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.139-146
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• 2021

This article analyzes factors affecting the application of strategic management accounting in different enterprises in Vietnam's consumer goods industry, providing more empirical evidence on factors affecting the application of strategic management accounting. The research method used a questionnaire survey of managers at all levels, chief accountants, and accountants from 72 consumer goods enterprises in Vietnam. The survey results collected 290 questionnaires, however, due to invalid questionnaires with many blank cells, 284 questionnaires were finally selected. Quantitative research was carried out with SPSS 25 software. Research results show that 6 factors have a positive influence on the application of strategic management accounting including awareness of the business market, business strategy, technology, corporate culture, qualification of management accountants, decentralization of management, in which technology has the strongest influence on the application of strategic management accounting in consumer goods enterprises in Vietnam. The standardized Beta coefficient extracted from the multiple linear regression equation reveals that the technology factor has a high standardized Beta coefficient (0.176) compared to other factors. Based on the research results, the author has proposed recommendations to improve the ability of consumer goods businesses to successfully apply strategic management accounting techniques, thereby contributing to improving competitiveness and performance of consumer goods enterprises.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.257-264
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to propose plans of accounting transparency enhancement for Korean firms' sustainable growth and moral management. Moral management is not optional but essential strategy under global competitive circumstances. It has been proved that sustainable growth was possible through moral management. The plans of accounting transparency enhancement obtained from this study are as below. The implementation of early childhood education on the role and function of accounting, including contents related accounting ethics in university business curriculum or accounting curriculum, including contents related accounting(management) ethics in various accounting qualification examination, building and utilization of systematic knowledge base on accounting fraud, strengthen supervision for implementation of stable and reliable K-IFRS, improving public ethics through strengthening ethical awareness, devotion of community leaders for the nation and society etc.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.291-301
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• 2020

This paper aims to investigate the impact of chief executive officer's (CEO) attributes on firms' performance. Specifically, it examines the influence of CEOs' education, professional experience, and tenure on Saudi firms' performance. We look at a sample of 120 listed firms on Tadawul stock exchange from 2014 to 2017. Data on financial and accounting variables are obtained from the annual reports of the selected companies. We follow the existing empirical literature and use a panel model and formulate three different equations using the GMM estimator. Findings prove that CEO educational background does matter. In particular, companies employing CEOs with business administration, economics, finance, or accounting degree will perform outstandingly better. Similarly, stock performance gets improved when the CEO has a postgraduate qualification, i.e., when the CEO holds an MBA, a master, or a PhD degree. Besides, results reveal that executives who have an experience in a related field will positively affect the firm's performance. Finally, evidence shows that high CEOs tenure improves corporate performance. Overall, these findings demonstrate that executives' attributes are key factors that would explain differences in Saudi firms' performance. These results would help shareholders to make the right decision in selecting CEOs to manage the company.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.75-82
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• 2019

In the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution when ICT and convergence are emphasized, companies want talented people with a wide range of complex problem solving competencies, system competencies as well as major knowledge. This study examined the difference in perceived competency needed for future accounting officers using 166 valid questionaries prepared with 4 factors based on previous researches. The result shows that the workers, who majored in accounting and have more than 5 years of company experience, and the CEOs think the social competence is the most important while the accounting professors think the major competence is the most important qualification. These results indicate that, in order to reflect the industrial needs, the colleges should change their accounting major curriculums to provide various competences such as the social competence in addition to the basic major competence.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.294-302
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• 2022

The article explores the prospects and trends for the transformation of some basic concepts of law associated with the development of artificial intelligence systems and the problems of liability for harm caused by a robot. The prospects, conditions and consequences of vesting robots with partial (quasi) or full legal personality are explored. This process should lead to a revision of the concepts of will, subjective side and legal responsibility in the direction of their greater universalization. The legally significant signs of will, legal personality, legal liability in relation to robots, artificial intelligence systems and other complex automated information systems are clarified. The author identifies the following essential factors of legal qualification of an act committed by a robot: goals, reasons for setting goals, connections between the planned result and the action taken, the actual result, the reasons for the difference between the actual result and the planned one. The article pays special attention to the preventive function of legal liability, which, when applied to robot subjects, can be expressed in the following basic procedures. 1. Accounting for legal requirements in the behavior of the robot. 2. Timely adaptation of the robot to changes in legislation and other regulatory legal acts that affect its behavior. 3. Accounting for incidents. 4. Destruction of a series of robots whose actions lead to unacceptable consequences.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.5-16
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this research study is to make a comparative analysis between corporate governance guidelines 2016 and 2012 and area of further improvement to ensure better governance, accountability and transparency. Research design, data and methodology - This research study is mainly based on the corporate governance guidelines 2016 and 2012 issued by the regulatory authority known as Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC). Results - This study finds that corporate governance guideline 2012 include some new issues such as criteria and qualification of independent director; some additional statements in the directors' report; mandatory requirement of separation of chairman and CEO; constitution of audit committee; chairman of audit committee; role of audit committee, duties of CEO and CFO on financial statements; and collection of compliance certificate from professional accountant or secretary in compare to corporate governance guidelines 2016. Conclusions - This study suggests that the regulatory authority should include more issues such as tax management and reporting, risk management and reporting; individual and overall performance analysis of the board and independent directors; separate nomination and compensation committee; assessment of true independence of the board and its supporting committees to ensure higher quality of corporate governance and transparency.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2023

Financial literacy (FL) is significant, as educated investors have a culture of savings and investment. The current study was conducted to identify the level of Orientation toward finance (ORTOFIN) and its impact on specific financial behavior variables like Financial Literacy (FL) and Intention towards investment (ITI). Data was randomly collected from 210 gainfully employed respondents using three standardized questionnaires. Demographics of the respondents were also collected. The data was analyzed using correlation and regression. The variables include ORTOFIN, Financial Literacy, and Intention towards Investment, while the control variables include gender, age, qualification, years of experience, and type of industry working. The results of the study show that all three variables (ORTOFIN, FL, and ITI) had significant relationships among themselves. In addition, it as has been found that ORTOFIN and FL positively influence investment intention. The finding that ORTOFIN and literacy are related to investment intention is new, as no past studies have examined this aspect, which is unique. The study also discusses the implications and limitations of the study, such as the impact of family involvement. It thus indicates a positive effect of the variables studied on investment intentions. The study is expected to stimulate further empirical examination of the variables.