• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2003

To investigate effects of the shared living on nutrient intakes,250 college male students who were living alone (104 men) or sharing accommodation with friends (134 men) were participated. Their average age was 22.6 years, their average height was 171.8 cm, their average weight was 65.6 kg and their average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.2. The caloric intakes of the men living alone or sharing accommodation were 55.9% and 72.5% of the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), respectively. The decreased caloric level of the group living alone seemed to be due to their decreased protein and fat consumption as compared to that of the group sharing accommodation. The group living alone consumed increased amounts of fiber for breakfast and half the carbohydrates, but more fat (p < 0.05) in snacks than the group sharing accommodation. The daily carbohydrate : protein : fat (C : P : F) ratio averaged 58.6 14.1 27.3, which is a lower carbohydrate and a higher fat ratio than the Korean recommended ratio. However, the group living alone was closer to the Korean recommended ratio than the group sharing accommodation. The food intake habits were evaluated as being poorer in the group living alone as compared to the group sharing accommodation, less frequent consumption of fried / pan-fried dishes, and fruits / juices, but more frequent consumption of instant / processed foods. In comparing the eating patterns of the two groups, the group living alone showed better eating habits, such as more“breakfast eating”and less“snacking in the morning, afternoon or late at night”whereas the group sharing accommodation showed better eating habits such as less“picky eaters”and less “eating out”. In the group living alone, their lower caloric intake was assumably due to their fewer side dishes, however they showed higher eating frequencies of instant i processed foods. Since the lifestyle of living alone seems to grow gradually among young men, we strongly recommend dietary education for them.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2011

선박화재는 육상화재와 달리 숙련된 인원과 다양한 장비에 의한 소화활동이 곤란하므로 거의 자체적으로 소화되어야 하므로 소화가 쉽지 않다. 화재발생시 온도 상승에 의한 사망보다 연기에 의해 질식사의 경우가 더 많다. 그 이유는 화재현장에서 충분한 가시거리를 확보하지 못하여 신속하게 피난하지 못하기 때문이다. 이 연구에서는 피난에 필요한 시간을 좀 더 확보하기 위해 선박 거주구역의 높이를 기존의 2.0m에서 공동주택(아파트)의 높이에 해당하는 2.3m로 상향하여 연기거동을 상호 비교하였다. 비교 방법은 기존의 실습선 한바다호의 도면을 바탕으로 30cm 상향조정된 도면을 추가 제작하여 미국의 NIST에서 제작 운용중인 FDS를 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 실시하고 결과를 예측하였다. 온도에 의한 피난 안전시간을 예측한 시뮬레이션 결과, 화재구역에서 10m 떨어진 지점에서 피난 안전시간은 55.8초 증가하였다. 가시거리에 의한 피난 안전시간을 예측한 시뮬레이션 결과, (1) 화재구역에서 10m 떨어진 지점에서 피난 안전시간은 27.1초 증가하였고, (2) 화재구역에서 20m 지점에서는 피난 안전시간이 109.2초 증가하였으며, (3) 화재구역에서 30m지점에서는 피난 안전시간이 73.3초 증가하였다. 즉, 선박의 거주구역 높이를 육상건축물과 동일하게 할 경우 승무원의 피난안전성이 증가하는 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2018

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the accessibility and usability of the disabled person while using the everyday facility. Background: The national laws regulated accommodation of persons with disabilities, but our knowledge on the practical usefulness of the laws and acceptance by the users is still far from complete. Method: Compliance with laws was checked throughout the actual measurement of 87 engineering designs in the facilities of a national university, and the practical usability of the facilities was investigated by in-depth interviews with eight disabled persons. New design solutions were developed by the anthropometric methodology for better accommodation. The target-specific anthropometry database such as sitting knee height with wheelchair was employed. Results: First, the statistic showed that 28.7% of facility designs comply with the law, 29.9% of facility designs doesn't comply with the law, and 41.4% of facility designs doesn't have related law or regulation. Second, the law of table height(71cm in current) can accommodate only 49.3% of wheelchaired population. The following test for 95% accommodation revealed that the table with 80cm high is required. Third, the current law in the door width(90cm) can only accommodate 82.6% of disabled persons, so the new design solution was calculated and suggested that 100cm in the door width is necessary for 99% accommodation of disabled persons. Conclusion: Even with the laws and regulations for the disabilities it was clear that the accessibility and usability of the disabled persons in everyday facilities was still limited. An investigation for the new solutions about a wide range of facilities is necessary for better practical accessibility and usability of the handicapped persons. Application: The results of current study can be a basement of developing a new guideline or regulation of the facility design for the disabled persons.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2002

18세에서 30세 중반 사이의 남자 35명 여자 21명 총 56명을 대상으로 2시간 동안 VDT 작업을 하도록 한 후, 안구 및 전신 증상 등을 조사하고 순목 횟수, 눈물층파괴시간(BUT), 안검열의 높이, 시력, 타각적 굴절력, 조절력 등을 측정하였다. 안구증상에서는 눈의 피로를 느끼는 사람이 34%로 가장 많았고 시기능증상에서는 물체가 흐려 보이는 증상이 83%, 전신증상에서는 어깨가 아픈 사람이 38%로 가장 높게 나타났다. VDT 작업 중의 순목 횟수가 8/min로 휴식 때의 22/min에 비해 많이 감소했다. VDT 작업 직후의 눈물층파괴시간도 약 7초로 작업 전의 약 12초보다 현저히 감소되었다. 안검열의 높이는 작업 전 7.69mm보다 작업 중에는 9.04mm로 증가하였다. 평균 나안시력은 VDT 작업 전에 0.63에서 작업 후에는 0.57로 약 9.5% 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 타각적 굴절이상은 0.28D 정도 근시화 경향이 보였다. VDT 작업 후 조절력은 1.49D 정도 감소하였는데 주로 조절근점 굴절력의 감소가 원인인 것으로 보인다. 폭주근점 굴절력도 0.87D 감소하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.193-210
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• 1991

For the deckhouse or superstructure, attention is directed to the reduction of vibration from a human susceptibility point of view. The two basic requirements for obtaining a low vibration level in the accommodation are to ensure that excitation forces from propeller and/or main engine are small and to avoid resonance excitation of the hull and superstructure. In recent years increased attention has been directed towards the problems of vibration and noise in deckhouse, which have caused major problems with regard to the environmental quality in the living quarters for crews. Accordingly, in this paper, the characteristic of the vibration of deckhouse of fishing boat, of which the length/height ratio is also relatively high, are studied systematically with regard to the shape and modelling of deckhouse based on finite element method of 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional model. This study is divided into 4-part. 1st part is the global deckhouse vibration, 2nd part is the local deckhouse vibration, 3rd part consists of the estimation for stiffness of foundational support and 4th part is the application to TUNA LONG LINER of 416 ton class. For the global vibration analysis, the severity of the vibration depends on the longitudinal shear and bending stiffness of the deckhouse, on the vertical deckhouse support(fore, aft and sides). However, even if the design is technically sound, vibration problems may arise due to vertical or longitudinal hull girder or afterbody resonances. Author applied the method of this study to the analysis of, deep-sea fishing vessel of G.T. 416 ton class with relatively low height and long deckhouse, and investigated the vibrational characteristic of the fishing vessel with earlier structural feature. According to this investigation, the vibration, response of above vessel was confirmed of which main hull and deckhouse behave as one body. It is at the bottom of vibrational trouble which a accommodation part of the fishing vessel is raised, that is the local vibration for side wall, fore-aft wall and deck plate of deckhouse rather than thief fect of fore-aft vibration of deckhouse for above fishing vessel. and the resonance of main hull, deckhouse and driving system such as the main engine, propeller in exciting source is mainly brought up as the trouble.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2021

A bunker bed is a type of furniture that efficiently utilizes a narrow indoor space by having a high bed and using the empty space below as a living and storage space. The demand for multi-purpose furniture is increasing due to the recent increase in single-person households and wide-spread shared accommodation. According to the consumer research, one of the major drawbacks of a bunker bed was to get on and off the bed through a ladder or stairs. In order to overcome these problems, it was confirmed that the height adjustment function that can easily adjust the minimum and maximum heights of the bed was necessary. In this study, a height adjustable bunker bed was designed by using a gas spring that generates a repulsive force by the compressed gas inside. The design process consisted of the following three steps: Firstly, the hysteresis characteristics due to a friction and spring constant of a commercial gas spring were confirmed by measuring the repulsive force vs. compressed displacement. Secondly, requirements of the vertical lifting force exerted on the bed against gravity force were derived. Finally, the height-adjustable bed using the four-bar link mechanism was designed with 4 parameters so that the bed weight of 60-70 kgf could be adjusted to 800 mm in height by an affordable initial operation force. The performance was verified through prototype production and the results of vertical displacement and force to move were nearly the same as designed. In addition, an electrically operated height-adjustable bed was also designed with linear actuators and the performance was proved with the prototype.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.440-441
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• 2004

A volumetric three-dimensional (3D) display system was presented, which utilizes a rotating two-dimensional (2D) display panel of light emitting diodes (LEDs) to generate more than 10 million volume pixels (voxels) within a cylindrical volume of 165 mm in height and 292 mm in diameter. Due to persistence of vision, momentarily addressed voxel information is perceived and fused into a 3D image. Important cues for depth perception, such as binocular parallax, accommodation, convergence and motion parallax are satisfied automatically and naturally, thus it is suitable for individual or group viewing, without the need for any special visual aids.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.62-73
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• 2001

The scope of this study is focused on the survey of new logistics transportation systems in railroad and case studies of new systems such as piggyback system, bi-modal system swapbody, and double stack train(DST). Piggyback system, bi-modal system, swapbody, and double stack train are reviewed in term of technological validity and economic validity in Korea. Piggyback - trailer does pass loaded weight limits but does not pass train limits and can not utilize the existing freight cars. Piggyback - cargo trunk does pass all the criteria and could be developed by a domestic technology. But this study suggests to expand the length of train cars to 18.300mm for accommodation of two cargo trucks. Bi-modal system and swapbody do also pass. Double stack train could only pass the loaded weights and does not meet the train limit and the possibility of using existing freight cars. Domestic technology could not development DST, due to civil engineering construction limits and low standard height of electric line, which could not afford to operate DST.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.277-281
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• 2021

Singapore's construction sector employs more than 450,000 workers. During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore from April to June 2020, migrant workers were disproportionately affected, including many working in the construction sector. Shared accommodation and construction worksites emerged as nexuses for COVID-19 transmission. Official government resources, including COVID-19 epidemiological data, 43 advisories and 19 circulars by Singapore's Ministries of Health and Manpower, were reviewed over 8 month period from March to October 2020. From a peak COVID-19 incidence of 1,424.6/100,000 workers in May 2020, the incidence declined to 3.7/100,000 workers by October 2020. Multilevel safe management measures were implemented to enable the phased reopening of construction worksites from July 2020. Using the Swiss cheese risk management model, the authors described the various governmental, industry, supervisory and worker-specific interventions to prevent, detect and contain COVID-19 for safe resumption of work for the construction sector.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of shock attenuation strategies between double-leg and single-leg landing on sagittal plane using statistical parametric mapping. Method: Nine healthy female professional soccer players (age: 24.0±2.5 yrs, height: 164.9±3.3 cm, weight: 55.7±6.6 kg, career: 11.2±1.4 yrs) were participated in this study. The subjects performed 10 times of double-leg and single-leg landing from the box of 30 cm height onto force plates respectively. The ground reaction force, angle, moment, angular velocity, and power of the ankle, knee, and hip joint on sagittal plane was calculated from initial contact to maximum knee flexion during landing phase. Statistical parametric mapping was used to compare the biomechanical variables of double-leg and single-leg landing of the dominant leg throughout the landing phase. Each mean difference of variables was analyzed using a paired t-test and alpha level was set to 0.05. Results: For the biomechanical variables, significantly increased vertical ground reaction force, plantarflexion moment of the ankle joint, negative ankle joint power and extension moment of the hip joint were found in single-leg landing compared to double-leg landing (p<.05). In addition, the flexion angle and angular velocity of the knee and hip joint in double-leg landing were observed significantly greater than single-leg landing, respectively (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings suggested that negative joint power and plantarflexion moment of the ankle joint can contribute to shock absorption during single-leg landing and may be the factors for preventing the musculoskeletal injuries of the lower extremity by an external force.