• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.38-43
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• 2024

Recently, with the expanding market for electronic devices and electric vehicles, secondary battery usage has been on the rise. Lithium-ion batteries are particularly popular due to their fast charging times and lightweight nature compared to other types of batteries. A secondary battery consists of four components: anode, cathode, electrolyte, and separator. Generally, the positive and negative electrode materials of secondary batteries are composed of an active material, a binder, and a conductive material. Acetylene Black (AB) is utilized to enhance conductivity between active material particles or metal dust collectors, preventing the binder from acting as an insulator. However, when recycling waste batteries that have been subject to high usage, there is a risk of fire and explosion accidents, as accurately identifying the characteristics of Acetylene Black dust proves to be challenging. In this study, the lower explosion limit for Acetylene Black dust with an average particle size of 0.042 ㎛ was determined to be 153.64 mg/L using a Hartmann-type dust explosion device. Notably, the dust did not explode at values below 168 mg, rendering the lower explosion limit calculation unfeasible. Analysis of explosion delay times with varying electrode gaps revealed the shortest delay time at 3 mm, with a noticeable increase in delay times for gaps of 4 mm or greater. The findings offer fundamental data for fire and explosion prevention measures in Acetylene Black waste recycling processes via a predictive model for lower explosion limits and ignition delay time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.467-475
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• 2013

In order to seize quantitative materials as part of studies on measures for oil pollution prevention and control, the statistics of oil pollution incidents in Korean coastal waters for 10 years from 2003 to 2012 were analyzed with relation to the number of oil spills and the volume of oil spilt according to causes, sources and sea areas of spills. Total number and total volume of oil spills for 10 years were found to be 2,833 cases and 17,877 kL, respectively. 50.4 %(1,429 cases) of total number of oil spills were caused by negligence, although oil spillage due to negligence was 294 kL(1.7 %). While oil spillage caused by marine accidents was 17,400 kL(97.3 %), marine accidents accounted for 27.9 %(790 cases) of total number of oil spills. While negligence had a great influence on the number of oil spills, marine accidents had a huge impact on the amount of oil spilt. Fishing boats accounted for 42.7 %(1,210 cases) of the number of oil spills, and although oil tankers accounted for 9.2 %(261 cases) of the number of oil spills, oil spillage from oil tankers was 15,488kL(86.7 %). It means that oil tankers such as VLCC or ULCC may be the main sources of major oil spills and a few very large spills are responsible for a high percentage of the amount of oil spilt. While the number of oil spill incidents was closely related to the accidents of fishing boats, the volume of oil spilt was greatly affected by the major oil spill incidents of oil tankers such as M/T Hebei Spirit. The number and volume of oil spills were shown to be 1,613 cases(56.9 %) and 3,804 kL(21.3 %) in South Sea, 700 cases(24.7 %) and 13,501 kL(75.5 %) in West Sea, and 520 cases(18.2 %) and 572 kL(3.2 %) in East Sea of Korea, respectively. The highest number of oil spills was found in South Sea and the most volume of oil spilt was shown in West Sea of Korea for 10 years.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.5_spc
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• pp.149-167
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• 2006

Korean society is rapidly changing to aging society comparing the other industrialized countries, however, the studies of elderly driver's driving behavior and accidents are not enough in Korea for elderly driver's accident prevention. This study focused on the elderly driver's psychological effects on elderly driver's driving behavior and traffic accidents; carefulness and aberrant driving behavior. - Elderly driver's traffic accidents The high percentage of elderly driver's accidents occurs in intersections and when turning left. There was a significant difference of the opponent vehicle's speed when left turn, between elderly driver and young driver; the elderly driver choose the higher speed of opponent vehicle than young driver when left turning. This result means that elderly driver has some problems with deciding the vehicle's speed and gap acceptance(Sunyeol Lee, Soonchul Lee, and Inseok Kim, 2006)(Table 1). - Carefulness and driving confidence In order to understand elderly driver's carefulness, this study compared the elderly driver's driving confidence. Driving confidence was consisted of 4 factors; environment of traffic condition, safe driving, driving ability and attention. Elderly driver's confidence was lower than young driver's. Elderly driver in high driving confidence group, showed longer driving history and they were tend to commit violations more frequently than elerly driver in low driving confidence group. Young driver, whose driving confidence level was high answered more driving history, annual mileage, the frequency of committing traffic violation and the experience of accident within lats 5 years(Soonchul Lee, Juseok Oh, Sunjin Park, Soonyeol Lee and Inseok Kim, 2006)(Table 2). This study examined the total time required until deciding to turn left in the no traffic signal intersection between elderly driver and young driver. The result showed that the time of elderly driver was significant longer than young driver(Sunyeol Lee et al, 2006)(Table 3). - Elderly driver's aberrant behavior Driver behavior Questionnaire(DBQ) was measured to understand the aberrant behavior; violation, error and lapse. The tend of aberrant behavior was observed by aging(Sunjin Park, Soonchul Lee, Jonghoi, Kim and Inseok Kim, 2006). Elderly driver's DBQ score was lower than young driver's(Table 4). Elderly and young driver showing longer driving history were in low DBQ score group. Elderly driver had high error score and young driver had high violation score. Young driver's aberrant driving behaviour was associated with annual mileage and the frequency of committing traffic violation. Elderly driver's aberrant driving behaviour was associated with annual mileage and experience of accident. Especially elderly driver whose violation, error and lapse score was high answered more committing experience of accident within last 5 years.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.283-297
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• 2010

This study carried out the investigation about the actual conditions of the management, disaster analysis and safety awareness on excavator in one of construction equipment and tried to make it's preventive measures. To achieve this, first of all, the accident of the internal Construction Industry process Investigation and Analysis, and then analyze an cause of accident based on it. Next, For the conditions of safety management conduct a survey to Investigation and Analysis and Propose preventive measures. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1st, Status of safety awareness and management of construction equipment tend to seek quickly and easily for the interests of sight. 2nd, Half the precincts of the equipment is causing major disaster. 3rd, The risk of excavator operation's indicators and drivers is so much potential. 4th, The preventive measures are needed for strengthening safety education, professional legal education, changes in safety awareness, the development of prevention system.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

The research is to verify by experiments whether the steel truss structure is able to withstand the load of cement bricks of upper part of a door for the safe use of lightweight steel truss structure instead of concrete lintel which is to be installed at upper part of door frame in building cement bricks for apartment construction. The steel truss is designed in order not to disturb bricks-building and the shape of structure was verified by bending test. According to experiments result, camber was applied to steel structure that enabled construction work to be improved and was proved effective for the prevention of accidents by cement bricks-building load test.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2011

Objective : This study aims to examine how lumbar stabilization exercise and resistive exercise affect lumbar and lower extremity muscular strength of the aged. Method : Randomly selected 15 female senior citizens aged 65 or older at S, Y, and J senior citizens' center located in D city who meet the requirements for the study were divided into a resistive exercise group of 7 and a stabilization exercise group of 8 for which 60-minute-exercise sessions were administered three times a week for 12 weeks. Measuring lumbar and lower extremity muscular strength was measured six weeks and 12 weeks after exercise, respectively. Results : First, both resistive exercises and stabilization exercises are effective to improve lumbar muscular strength. Second, resistive exercise is effective to improve flexural muscle strength as well as lower extremity muscular strength, and stabilization exercise is effective for both flexion and extensor muscle strength. Conclusion : The 12 week lumbar stabilization exercise program appeared to be effective to improve lumbar and lower extremity muscular strength of the aged. This indicates that applying this program to identify and prevent frequent risk factors of falling can lead to the prevention of secondary problem factors of falling accidents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.451-455
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• 2012

In this paper, Nateon, MSN Messenger, including how to hack into the most intimate acquaintance formed as follows, for hacking (keyloggers, remote monitoring, etc.) by sending a bank and ID, PW, certificate, security card, etc. personal financial information obtained after the withdrawal of the account balance to have a personal financial analysis infringement attack vulnerable elements found in internet banking, the vulnerabilities and countermeasures concerning the prevention of accidents, including violations by seeking a more secure Internet banking personal Internet Banking is to devise a deal.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to suggest the process and method of local accident investigation for local authorities with a view to efficient and effective managing traffic accidents. With a project city selected accident-type maps, accident lists, accident diagrams, priority of black-spots/-lengths, site visits, remedial measures, opportunity costs, monitoring etc. are taken into consideration, by using accident data in the last 3 years. Analyzed are accident savings to be expected when applying technical, organizational, and administrative processes attached to local accident investigation.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.65-83
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• 2006

Objectives: This is one of the first efforts to describe incidence of alcohol-related problems and to identify environmental correlates associated with them among colleges. Methods: Date were collected by a sample of 105 college administrators who are in charge of student affairs in colleges nationwide through self-administrated questionnaire. Both logistic and linear multiple regression analyses were employed to identify the correlates associated with alcohol-related problems. Results: Most of colleges(76.6%) under study reported to have at least one alcohol-related problem in previous years. Interpersonal violence was alcohol-related problem taken placed most frequently, followed by making noise episode, having property damaged and motor vehicle accidents. Logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with incidents of alcohol related problems. They included being private colleges, numbers of prevention activities, product promotion and marketing by alcohol industry and alcohol accessibility to drinking context. Multiple regression analyses showed that correlates associated with numbers of alcohol-related problems included being a private college, being located in rural area, having drinking density, product promotion and availability of alternative activities to drinking. Conclusions: Environmental correlates were associated with incidence of alcohol related problems in colleges nationwide. Policy implications were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.540-552
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• 2010

This research forms preliminary data for the coordination of environmental color planning in industry through a color analysis of work clothes and the work environment. A digital camera was used to study the work environment of two major shipbuilding companies located in Geoje city and Goseong county. The picture data was analyzed as G (ground: environment) and F (figure: clothes), and analyzed hue, value, and the chroma value through a Muncell conversion 9.0.6 from the color cluster, number of pixel, and RGB value. The results are as follows: First, GY, Y color were mostly used in the shipbuilding environment and work clothes. The color value was used in a relatively wide range but very low chroma (0-3), dark grayish, grayish tone dominated both fields. Second, the use of limited colors cannot be secured for safety in attention of the shipbuilding field. Third, unclear and vogue colors lessened the optical tiredness of workers that helped in the prevention of industrial accidents. Color combination and color selection should be considered for a secure safety color coordination between work clothes and the work environment when it comes to complicated color principles.