• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.4534-4550
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• 2022

Integrated severe accident codes should be capable of simulating not only specific physical phenomena but also entire plant behaviors, and in a sufficiently fast time. However, significant uncertainty may exist owing to the numerous parametric models and interactions among the various phenomena. The primary objectives of this study are to present best-practice uncertainty and sensitivity analysis results regarding the evolutions of severe accidents (SAs) and fission product source terms and to determine the effects of mitigation measures on them, as expected during a short-term station blackout (STSBO) of a reference pressurized water reactor (optimized power reactor (OPR)1000). Three reference scenarios related to the STSBO accident are considered: one base and two mitigation scenarios, and the impacts of dedicated severe accident mitigation (SAM) actions on the results of interest are analyzed (such as flammable gas generation). The uncertainties are quantified based on a random set of Monte Carlo samples per case scenario. The relative importance values of the uncertain input parameters to the results of interest are quantitatively evaluated through a relevant sensitivity/importance analysis.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.13-20
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• 2022

Road conditions and weather conditions are very important factors in the case of traffic accident fatalities in fog and ice sections that occur on roads in winter. In this paper, a simulation was performed to estimate the traffic accident risk rate assuming traffic accident prediction data. In addition, in this paper, in order to reduce traffic accidents and prevent traffic accidents, factor analysis and traffic accident fatality rates were predicted using the WEKA data mining technique and TENSOR FLOW open source data on traffic accident fatalities provided by the Korea Transportation Corporation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.217-253
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• 1996

Following after the Chernobyl accident. the response to the large scale nuclear accidents became a clear example to show how these accidents affect the public information that strongly depend on political, economical, and social factors. Futhermore, in present day although we live in the era of various information, as far as the problem of nuclear is concerned, the acceptance of the source of Information is always apt to limited. Therefore, in this investigations, as a case study, an attempt is to make the method of minimizing and a preparation to cope with the grope of countermeasure for psychologically unsettled and disordered problems that accepted from both of the unconfirmed and of the exaggerated circumstantial report of mass media as well as a clue to the probability under the condition of existence of major and minor nuclear accidents. In the present paper, it also intends to establish the terminology that covered all the part of nuclear field use in a writing guideline to the scientific column of nuclear accident as shown in the table. and several methodology in relation to the report tendency of mass communication in nuclear accident and the standpoint of public acceptance from a intrinsic point of view are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.205-206
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• 2018

Recently, interest in unmanned vehicles, autonomous vehicles and connected cars has increased, and autonomous driving capability is also increasing. Depending on the autonomous driving ability, the maximum number of steps is divided into 6 steps. The higher the step, the less the involvement of the person in the running, and the person does not need to be involved at the highest stage. Today's autonomous vehicles have been developed in stages 4 to 5, but solutions are not clearly defined in case of an accident, so only the test run is possible. Such an accident occurring during traveling is almost inevitable, and it is judged who has made a mistake in case of an accident, which increases the punishment for the accident. Although a black box is used to clarify such a part, it is easy to delete a photographed image, and it is difficult to solve an accident such as a hit-and-run. In this paper, we design a driving record system using black chain to solve such an accident.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-86
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• 2007

This study is about the drunken drivers' accident patterns and behavior and aims at providing basic data for developing measures to secure safety against accidents by drunken drivers and programs to cultivate good drinking habits. For this purpose, this study conducted a questionnaire of 800 persons over 20 years of age in the selected 20 companies with more than 30 employees in the 4 regions(Daegu, Masan, Changwon, and Jinhae) and analysed the 653 sheets except invalid ones among the returned 673 survey sheets in total(return rate 84.13%), and the researcher conducted a man-to-man interview with each subject from June 20th to July 31st 2006. The result are as the following. As the experience of causing an accident by drinking, the 79.1% of them had the experience, and in case of the subjects with excessive drinking over 4 times a year, the rate of the accident by drinking showed as high as 90.5%. As the patterns of accidents, in male subjects, violence(38.5%) and traffic accidents(37.1%) showed high, while in the female, hurts from falls and fall accidents(40.2%) were found be high. In case of the traffic accidents among the accidents by drinking, the rate of causing serious damage to the life was found to be 89.3%, so it showed that the traffic accidents caused by drinking were influencing on the life much. In conclusion, the drinking problem may be controlled by each individual's will, but without change of social environment and system around people, the problem can not be eradicated. Therefore there should be social infrastructure which can help people to actively live their life with exercises and hobbies, and in order to prevent the reoccurrence of a drink accident, and social structure in which there are education programs for drink accident causers and one can change the perception about drinking culture, should be formed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.33-39
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• 2011

This study presented quantitative risk analysis in case of transporting explosive materials by railway. Accident types were classified into accidents of in station and in transit. And the study presented an initial value of accident frequency through derailment accident and crushing one according to each type, and drew the results of accident frequency through event tree analysis. Damage impact evaluation used TNT equivalent method and probit analysis method. As the result of risk evaluation, railway transportation of explosive materials passing through areas which are high in population density is appeared to be able to cause a large number of personnel injury when occurring accidents. Specially, the accident of explosive transportation combined with petroleum was forecasted as easily resulting in large explosive accident. Consequently, there is a necessity to reduce consequences by decreasing passage through areas where are high in population density, and take measures for lessening the risks in case of transporting dangerous explosive materials.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.61-69
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• 2017

In case of plant accident, the most important measures that field operators, control-room operators and fire fighters must take are the escape from and going into the accident sites. These two different actions are reverse directional moving actions. By training operators and fire fighters with counter-accident path taking measurements, we can prevent the small accidents from becoming large-scale accidents, and can take efficient measurements in case of actual plant accidents. Out of necessities of path-taking training, in this research, we developed the escape and rescue path-taking method for plant accident response training. We can calculate the escape and rescue routes from a operator or fire fighter's current location as of accident happening and provide route data which in turn can be used as the safety training scenario. We expect this path-taking method can enhance the effectiveness and reality of escape and rescue training scenarios.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2019

Background: Workforce health is one of the primary and most challenging issues, particularly in industrialized countries. This article aims at modeling the major factors affecting accidents in the workplace, including general health, work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and internal and external locus of control. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company in Iran. A total of 450 participants were divided into two groups-control and case-and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Data were collected through a 7-part questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos software. Results: All the studied variables had a significant relationship with the accident proneness. In the case group, general health with a coefficient of -0.37, worke-family conflict with 0.10, effort-reward imbalance with 0.10, internal locus of control with -0.07, and external locus of control with 0.40 had a direct effect on occupational stress. Occupational stress also had a positive direct effect on accident proneness with a coefficient of 0.47. In addition, fitness indices of control group showed general health (-0.35), worke-family conflict (0.36), effort-reward imbalance (0.13), internal locus of control (-0.15), and external locus of control (0.12) have a direct effect on occupational stress. Besides, occupational stress with a coefficient of 0.09 had a direct effect on accident proneness. Conclusion: It can be concluded that although previous studies and the present study showed the effect of stress on accident and accident proneness, some hidden and external factors such as work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and external locus of control that affect stress should also be considered. It helps industries face less occupational stress and, consequently, less occurrence rates of accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.863-869
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• 2018

Due to recent changes in the maritime traffic environment, naval warship accidents are constantly occurring. Especially in 2017, serious loss of life was caused by a US navy destroyer accident. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of naval warship accident cases and construct an accident scenario by using naval training materials, adjudication of naval warship accidents and US navy destroyer accident reports. Based on the surveyed data, the status of accidents was identified and cases were analyzed. We reproduced 17 accident cases in accordance with accident reproduction procedure and constructed naval warship accident scenarios. As a result of analyzing the CPA, TCPA and PARK model for risk, reproducing 17 naval ship accident cases, collision risk increased on average 5-6 minutes before an accident. The result of this study represents basic data for naval and simulation education materials, contributing to the prevention of marine accidents.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.138-145
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• 2004

The clinical features and therapeutic results of alopecia areata are variable and unpredictable. For example, genetic, psychic, immunologic factors are regarded as the reason of alopecia areata. For the relationship between alopecia and whiplash injury, Dr. Guun explained that whiplash injury by the traffic accident produces cervical muscle spasm, and it makes autonomic nerve change. The tropical changes accompanied with ischemic change of scalp vessels made by this mechanism cause alopecia areata. And Yesudian reported the case of scalp alopecia as the result of ischemic change following traffic accident. We have experienced a 25-year-old woman with Alopecia areata following whiplash injury by traffic accident, and who had no risk factor of it. The patient was treated by acupuncture and physical treatment. Her hair loss, cervical angle and pain were improved through acupuncture treatment. This case of alopecia areata following whiplash injury is uncommon, so we report the mechanism of it, but should collect more cases and observations.