• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.147-158
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the situation of occurrence of disease and accidence of child care center. The subjects of this study were 17 public district child care centers, but only one center kept their health diary. Therefore, it became finally the only subject for this study. The data were collected through the analysis it's health diary and case reports for emergency. The collected data were analyzed by the number of cases, age and sex, types of case, and the emergency case were analyzed by age, background, types of accidents and follow up. The number of cases of disease and accident in 2002 were 572. In sexual difference, boys more have accident than girls. The teachers and the outsiders also frequently use the health care service. Smallpox and epidemic conjunctivitis were spreaded during winter and summer. In causes of accidents, 'accident by other child' were 98%. In emergency cases, 1 pierced wound, 1 dislocation, 2 dental emergencies, 4 eyeball contusion and bleedings and 2 burns were occurred. all the cases of emergency were performed follow up education. On the basis of above data, there will be needed to intensify health and safety subjects in curriculum for the teacher of child care, and health and safety education for child. Each child care centers must have health care manager and the network for emergency. To enhance the quality of child care service, government have to offer financial and systematical support.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.131-141
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to propose for protection of childhood injury or accident and to provide safety measures. Data was collected from 2,052 who visited emergency room of E University Hospital during 1 year period from January to December, 1996. The results were as follows : 1. The most common type of accident was fall down (53.4%). 2. Male patients outnumbered female by the ratio of 1.68 : 1. 3. The highest incidence rate of accidents were observed in children between 1-3 years age group(34.9%). 4. Accidents were seasonally more frequent in spring(28.2%). 5. Accidents mainly took place at home (63%). 6. The time of accidental occurrence appeared to be predominantly high during a day 8 : 00 PM to 0 : 00 AM (35.l%). 7. The most frequent involved part of body was head and face (74%). 8. Most patients discharged from the hospital in good condition(85.4%). Through clinical analysis, in the relation to accident, there were statistically significant difference in sex, age, season, injury place(all p=0.000).

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.35-47
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate both the occurrence status of emergency vehicles traffic accidents and contents of the experiences of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in fire station. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 451 EMTs in fire stations in 6 cities provinces from February 9, 2017 to February 27, 2017. Results: Of 451 EMTs, 207 (45.9%) had traffic accidents experience. Regarding environment-related features, results indicated hour (12~18 hours), place (national highway), traffic flow (smooth), weather (clear), season (winter), and day (Friday). Regarding correlation analysis of differences in the number of ambulance traffic accidents pursuant to general features of accident-experienced drivers as a human factor, there were no significant differences in recruitment, driving careers of regular cars, driving careers of fire engines, and class but there were significant differences in fire-fighting careers. Accident experience in the group with careers over 6 years and less than 10 years higher than in the other groups. Conclusion: Efforts to expand fire engine driving education programs for the prevention of traffic accidents involving 119 emergency vehicles are required.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.1051-1065
• /
• 2020

Safety analysis of nuclear power plant (NPP) especially in accident conditions is a basic and necessary issue for applications and commercialization of reactors. Many previous researches and development works have been conducted. However, most achievements focused on the safety reliability of primary pressure system vessels. Few literatures studied the structural safety of huge concrete structures surrounding primary pressure system, especially for the fourth generation NPP which allows existing of through cracks. In this paper, structural safety reliability of concrete structures of HTR-PM in accidental double-ended break of hot gas ducts was studied by Exceedance Probability Method. It was calculated by Monte Carlo approaches applying numerical simulations by Abaqus. Damage parameters were proposed and used to define the property of concrete, which can perfectly describe the crack state of concrete structures. Calculation results indicated that functional failure determined by deterministic safety analysis was decided by the crack resistance capability of containment buildings, whereas the bearing capacity of concrete structures possess a high safety margin. The failure probability of concrete structures during an accident of double-ended break of hot gas ducts will be 31.18%. Adding the consideration the contingency occurrence probability of the accident, probability of functional failure is sufficiently low.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.408-418
• /
• 2022

Marine accidents involving the entanglement of marine litter have continued to increase, with over 300 to 400 cases per year according to the statistical agency. Entanglement of marine litter may also lead to large-scale marine accidents which cause capsizing and sinking, thereby further causing detrimental casualties and material damages, and thus exceptional attention and care are required. In this study, Incheon, Busan, and Geoje and Tongyeong were found to be the high-frequency locations for accidents, which were selected by considering the ArcGIS analysis about the marine accidents of entanglement of marine litter and the occurrence frequency by the standard. The characteristics of the multiple accident areas involving entanglement of marine litter were the coastal cities where fishing facilities or marine leisure related conditions were activated, with the port which handles much of the traffic of outbound and inbound vessels located nearby. Marine plastic pollution impacts not only the marine ecosystem and food chain, but also the hull and engine of ships, and may further pose threats to the safety of vessels and crews. It is necessary to find a common link between the relevant areas and to strive to remove the root causes of marine accidents by reducing marine litter.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.323-330
• /
• 2022

Safety accidents in university laboratories are constantly occurring due to various chemical, physical, and biohazard risk factors. In this study, the trend of accident occurrence and correlations between factors were derived through statistical and cross-analysis of 192 accident cases in university labs between 2016 and 2020. Directions and strategies were prepared from the correlations of major factors, and guidelines for improvement of the laboratory safety management system were suggested by comparing and analyzing existing policy directions for laboratory accidents.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.873-879
• /
• 2024

A sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) core has a potential of prompt criticality due to a change of core material distribution during a severe accident, and the resultant energy release has been one of the safety issues of SFRs. In this study, the safety assessment of an unprotected loss-of-flow (ULOF) in a small SFR (SSFR) has been performed using the SIMMER-IV computer code, which couples the models of space- and time-dependent neutronics and multi-component, multi-field thermal hydraulics in three dimensions. The code, therefore, is applicable to the simulations of transient behaviors of extended disrupted core material motion and its reactivity effects during the transition phase (TP) of ULOF, including a potential of prompt-criticality power excursions driven by fuel compaction. Several conservative assumptions are used in the TP analysis by SIMMER-IV. It was found out that one of the important mechanisms that drives the reactivity-inserting fuel motion was sodium vapor pressure resulted from a fuel-coolant interaction (FCI), which itself was non-energetic local phenomenon. The uncertainties relating to FCI is also evaluated in much conservative way in the sensitivity analysis. From this study, the ULOF characteristics in an SSFR have been understood. Occurrence of recriticality events under conservative assumptions are plausible, but their energy releases are limited.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.780-790
• /
• 2022

Quantitative risk levels must be presented by analyzing the causes and consequences of accidents and predicting the occurrence patterns of the accidents. For the analysis of marine accidents related to vessel traffic, research on the traffic such as collision risk analysis and navigational path finding has been mainly conducted. The analysis of the occurrence pattern of marine accidents has been presented according to the traditional statistical analysis. This study intends to present a marine accident prediction model using the statistics on marine accidents related to vessel traffic. Statistical data from 1998 to 2021, which can be accumulated by month and hourly data among the Korean domestic marine accidents, were converted into structured time series data. The predictive model was built using a long short-term memory network, which is a representative artificial intelligence model. As a result of verifying the performance of the proposed model through the validation data, the RMSEs were noted to be 52.5471 and 126.5893 in the initial neural network model, and as a result of the updated model with observed datasets, the RMSEs were improved to 31.3680 and 36.3967, respectively. Based on the proposed model, the occurrence pattern of marine accidents could be predicted by learning the features of various marine accidents. In further research, a quantitative presentation of the risk of marine accidents and the development of region-based hazard maps are required.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.117-130
• /
• 2017

Bicycles are leading to serious accidents in the event of a side collision, and it is very important to prevent accidents in advance because it is difficult to actively deal with them in a dangerous situation. As a part of the bicycle safety driving support technology, this study establishes bicycle accidents dangerous zone based on bicycle accident data and road property information of digital map nationwide and provides timely safety information to cyclists. The point selected by using actual accident data was called 'dangerous zone', and the potential accident occurrence point generated by modeling based on this 'dangerous zone' was called 'logical dangerous zone'. As a result of the research on the Designation of Logical Bicycle Accident Dangerous Zone, the regional specificity of the bicycle accident points across the nation was generalized to the form of the logical dangerous zone through the network data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.45-60
• /
• 2003

A median is a safety feature most commonly used to separate opposing traffic on a divided highway. In designing highways, the selection and installation of a median can be a critical part from a safety viewpoint because road crossing accidents are definitely more serious than other accidents. In regard to the important function of the median. the proper countermeasure ought to have been provided and thorough study should have been carried out. In this paper, traffic accident data are analyzed to examine the accident reduction effect of the median, which are gathered from all over 4-lane national roads in Korea. The traffic accident data were categorized into two groups by the existence of a median. For more effective analysis, the data have been classified by accident type, severity. and occurrence time. To compare the effectiveness of median installation, not only the accident frequency but also the accident severity, EPDO. and the occupancy rate of specific accidents have been used as a mode of effectiveness. The analysis of the effectiveness of medians shows that both the accident frequency and the accident severity could decrease by providing a median. Also the section where a median was supplied showed the improvement of overall safety through fewer serious and fatal crashes as well as fewer head-on crashes. Therefore, conclusions can be drawn from results of this study that the median installation is an important means to increase the safety of over 4-lane national roads. This study is expected to provide the reasonability of the median installation by identifying the reduction of traffic accident after the median installation and to play a major role in selecting sections where the median is to be offered.