• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1997

Cancer therapy for the head and neck malignoncy by surgery, radiotherapy, or combined modalities may cause substantial aesthetic and functional problems for the patient. The placement of osseointegrated implants into irradiated bone should only be performed when the predictability of achieving and maintaining osseointegration is high and the risk of developing of osteoradionecrosis is low. There are many benefits that irradiated patients may gain from the use of implants. A successful implant-retained prosthesis is dependent upon the implants attaining osseointegraton and then sustaining it during functional loads. The use of implants in irradiated patients requires high implant success rates that are acceptable to warrant their use. We report a case and review the literatures about implants in irradiated bone. In that case, the patient were undergone tumor resection and inner-table mandiblectomy due to squamous cell carcinoma of lower posterior gingiva. But 5 year later, the tumor were recurred, we resected the tumor and applied the radiation therapy. After then, we installed four IMZ implants after hyperbaric oxygenation, and made prosthesis using those implants. Until now they don't have any complications.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric quality and feasibility of measurements for screening dysphagia in older adults to identify the 'right tool' for nurses to use in nursing homes. Methods: A systematic review was done. Electronic databases were searched for studies related to dysphagia screening measurements. A checklist was used to evaluate the psychometric quality and applicability. Tools were evaluated for feasible incorporation into routine care by nurses. Results: 29 tools from 31 studies were identified. Dysphagia screening tools with an acceptable validity and reliability had sensitivity between 68% and 100% and specificity between 52% and 100%. The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) and the Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) were the tools with high psychometric quality, especially with high sensitivity, that nurses could perform feasibly to identify the risk and to grade the severity of dysphagia and aspiration of nursing home residents. Conclusion: Results show that GUSS and SSA are reliable and sensitive tools for screening dysphagia which nurses can use in nursing homes. Further research is needed to examine feasibility of screening with identified tools, and also, to establish effective and standardized protocols for these tools so they can be effectively incorporated into routine care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 1990

From November 1978 through June 1989, 33 patients aged 3 months to 27 years [mean 9.7 years] underwent repair of intracardiac defects associated with corrected transposition. Five patients had had previous palliative surgery. Operation were performed in 31 for ventricular septal defect, 22 for pulmonary outflow tract obstruction, 16 for atrial septal defect, and 5 for anatomical tricuspid valve regurgitation. Pulmonary outflow tract obstruction was relieved by pulmonary valvotomy in 9, Rastelli procedure in 5, modified Fontan procedure in 3, and by REV procedure in 5 patients recently. Early mortality was 21.2%[7/33] and no late mortality during follow up period. Two had residual pulmonary outflow tract obstruction and one residual VSD. In eight patients, transient arrhythmia was found but soon returned to sinus rhythm. Five patients developed complete heart block and 2 were given permanent pacemaker insertion. There were 8 RBBB, 1 LBBB and one second degree atrioventricular block patients, but all showed no clinical significance. This report suggests that surgical repair of intracardiac defects associated with corrected transposition can be achieved with acceptable low risk. Though the mortality is still high, we can improved the result by advancing surgical technique, knowledge of the special conduction system, and by improving postoperative care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.699-702
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• 2003

Endoscopic removal is acceptable for the treatment of endotracheal/endobronchial mass, because it is less invasive in high-risk patients and a conservative procedure for benign tumors. Two benign tumors in the lumen of the trachea (pure lipoma) and in the intermediate bronchus (hamartoma) were completely eradicated by our procedures, which involved diathermic snaring and residual mass removal with biopsy forceps under the guidance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy. No tumor recurrence was evident after extended follow-up (6 years for endotracheal lipoma and 2.5 years for endobroncheal hamartoma). Our method is safe and less invasive for the patient and provides the surgeon with better view during procedure.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2012

On the grounds of Diane Vaughan's pioneering study into the Challenger Disaster, STS(Science and Technology Studies) scholars have recently argued that most engineers seldom face an ethical situation, in which the boundary between the ethical and the unethical is absolutely clear, and for which a serious moral decision such as "whistle blowing" is urgently needed. They have instead suggested that engineering ethics needs to address engineers' everyday routine practices, which, if accumulated, may have some impact upon the overall performance of the technological system. However, such studies have not completely resolved the tension between STS that emphasizes contextual elements in which the everyday practice of engineers are done, on the one hand, and engineering ethics that stresses individual engineer's moral decision of an existential kind, on the other. By discussing various works on the Challenger Disaster and related issues over technological risks, this paper attempts to establish an interface between STS and engineering ethics, and proposes some practical implications for the effective education of engineering ethics to engineering students.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 1998

Corporations are pursuing maximum returns from their R&D investment. They are also interested in sound measures to quantify returns. In fact, they use various measures and criteria for measuring returns from the R&D investment. But the fundamental problem is that there is no generic and widely acceptable measures and criteria. To make things more complicated, measures are very powerful and influential to the people in the corporations. Herbert Simon already indicated that people do many things but people usually do their best for the only tasks which are measured. Many researchers, like Chester(1995), are interested in R&D productivity measures and risks because what the company measures really influence R&D people and output. This article present design concepts of the R&D project selection and evaluation system in POSCO(Pohang Iron & Steel Company). This is an output extract from the 6-month joint activities with POSRI(POSCO Research Institute) researchers and POSCO R&D personnel. Process changes, new organizations and new selection and evaluation criteria are developed to improve R&D performance and to enhance technology management of the POSCO. This article covers new selection and evaluation criteria only. We would like to share our experience about how we redesign the selection and evaluation of R&D projects. We also bring insights how we seamlessly integrate 4 different project selection and evaluation steps as a whole. We hope that this case will give you a clue to improve your R&D management.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.55-60
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• 2010

Clinical measures that Quantify falling risk factors are needed for the accurate evaluation of patients and to plan an intervention strategy. The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest and interrater reliability of the dynamic gait index (DGI) for persons with Parkinson's disease (PD). A total of 22 idiopathic PD patients were recruited from rehabilitation hospital, Korea in this study. The DGI was assessed in two sessions that were, three days apart. We also measured Berg balance test (BBT) and geriatric depression scale (GDS) for concurrent validity with DGI. Intrarater and interrater reliability (.96 and .98 respectively) for DGI were high. indicating good agreement. The DGI was showed a good positive correlation with the BBS (r=.852). but not GDS (r=-.462). Intrarater and interrater reliability of DGI were high in people with PD. The DGI could be a reliable measure to evaluate functional postural control during gait activities in the PD population, and the ability of DGI to detect real change is acceptable in research and clinical settings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.1 s.30
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• pp.26-31
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• 2006

For the purpose of evaluating the availability of manifold safety devices installed in the LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) refuelling stations, the quantitative analysis of the frequency on BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) scenario was performed. The amount of frequency reduction was the way of assessing safety devices availability. In this analysis, we could find out what sorts of safety devices are essential to satisfy acceptable social risk criteria and are prioritized to install in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.220-224
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and characteristics of second primary malignancy (SPM) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 221 patients who underwent surgery with or without adjuvant treatment for head and neck cancer from 2000 to 2002. Data of age, sex, risk factors, sites of primary and SPM, TNM stage of primary tumor, incidence of SPM, and survival were collected from medical charts. Results: Eighteen patients developed SPM during a median follow-up of 67 months, with an overall incidence of 8.14%. In addition, 77.7% of SPMs occurred in the oral cavity, followed by 11% in the lungs. The 5-year overall survival after the diagnosis of SPM in the head or neck was 70%, compared to 30% for SPM in other body regions. Conclusion: Considering a high incidence of SPM, i.e., 8.14%, in a mean follow-up period of 67 months suggests the need for long-term follow-up. Since treatment of SPM has shown an acceptable survival rate, early detection and curative therapy should be emphasized.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 1995

Severe upper and lower extremity trauma may result in soft tissue loss with exposed bone and the subsequence of risk of chronic osteomyelitis or malunion of fracture fragments. Such injuries present a major reconstructive problem. But Since the introduction of microsugical technique, free muscle and myocutaneous flaps were employed to provide coverage of severely injured defects. Since Tai and Hasegawa(1974) first reported a breast reconstruction using by rectus abdominis myocuraneous flap, the free rectus myocutaneous flap has been widely employed for breast reconstuction, head and neck reconstruction, and extremity reconstruction in these days. The authors present their successful experience with free rectus abdominis muscle and rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps for upper and low extremity reconstruction. From Nov. 94, to May 95, Five cases of severely injured extremites due to trauma or contact burn were treated with free rectus abdominis muscle flap or free rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. All flaps except 1 case were survived without severe complications. As free muscle or myocutaneous flap, the free rectus abdominis flap has the advantages of a reliable pedicle, easy dissection, and an acceptable donor site, so it seems logical to apply the free rectus abdominis flap to apply in upper and lower extremity reconstruction.