• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.311-343
• /
• 2004

Various aspect of epidemics broke out continually from the middle of Joseon Dynasty due to the famine and drought caused by abnormal climate of the sixteenth century and the war. Thus the Dynasty performed sacrificial rites, isolated the patients and published plenty of medical books related epidemics in order to cure of the patients, and Heojun edited 『Byeokyeoksinbang』 as 'Dangdokyeok' broke out at Gwanbuk(關北) districts in 1613, Heojun explained the cause of Dangdokyeok as meteorology under the feudal conditions, and concluded Simhwa(心火) by fever toxin, Therefore he selected the method of puting out Simhwa by attack of fever toxin. In addition he presented emergency treatment that can maintain the airway by bleeding. To treat Dangdokyeok, Heojun presented lots of prescriptions so as Seungmagalgeuntang(升麻葛根湯), Cheongyeolhaedoksan(淸熱解毒散), Yeongyopaedok-san(連翹敗毒散), Bangpungtongsaongsan(防風通聖散), Jowiseunggitang(調胃升氣湯) and Hwangryeonhaedoktang(黃連解毒湯) etc. And he proposed Samdueum (三豆飮), Realgar(石雄黃) and so on to prevent infection from that. They presume from 120 to 150 years as the period of human adaptation to the first epidemics. Dangdokyeok put a large number of people to death at first, but it wasn't referred at the history any more after Byeokyeoksinbang. So we can say that the treatment of Heojun may be effective. Common cold and dyspeptic cold broke out in our country differently from 'Shanghan(傷寒)' in the China, so we had settled 'pestilence infectious epidemic disease(瘟疫)' while 'epidemic febrile disease(溫病)' of the China. Dangdokyeok of Heojun is similar to 'Scalet fever' belonging to 'virulent heat pathogen(溫毒)', 'newly epidemic febrile disease(新感溫病)'. As a cure of Dangdokyeok, the Korean medicine uses the treatment of removing fever state whereas the western medicine uses the antibiotics to kill the streptococcus. The symptoms of Dangdokyeok are remarkably similar to those of the Scarlatina, so this occupies a high position on the world history of medicine in aspects of the period and details of symptoms. These days we have the problems that the tolerance of antibiotics increases and disease of unknown cause is prevalent. It means the western medicine get to limits. So if we progress epidemiography based on Heojun's medicine, we may contribute to the world history of medicine.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2019

Background: Government conducts environmental radioactivity surveillance for verification purpose around nuclear facilities based on the Nuclear Safety Law and issues a surveillance report every year. This study aims to evaluate the short and the long-term fluctuation of radionuclides detected above MDC and their origins using concentration ratios between these radionuclides. Materials and Methods: Sample media for verification surveillance are air, rainwater, groundwater, soil, and milk for terrestrial samples, and seawater, marine sediment, fish, and seaweed for marine samples. Gamma-emitting radionuclides including $^{137}Cs$, $^{90}Sr$, Pu, $^3H$, and $^{14}C$ are evaluated in these samples. Results and Discussion: According to the result of the environmental radioactivity verification surveillance in the vicinity of nuclear power facilities in 2017, the anthropogenic radionuclides were not detected in most of the environmental samples except for the detection of a trace level of $^{137}Cs$, $^{90}Sr$, Pu, and $^{131}I$ in some samples. Radioactivity concentration ratios between the anthropogenic radionuclides ($^{137}Cs/^{90}Sr$, $^{137}Cs/^{239+240}Pu$, $^{90}Sr/^{239+240}Pu$) were similar to those reported in the environmental samples, which were affected by the global fallout of the past nuclear weapon test, and Pu atomic ratios ($^{240}Pu/^{239}Pu$) in the terrestrial sample and marine sample showed significant differences due to the different input pathway and the Pu source. Radioactive iodine ($^{131}I$) was detected at the range of < $5.6-190mBq{\cdot}kg-fresh^{-1}$ in the gulfweed and sea trumpet collected from the area of Kori and Wolsong intake and discharge. A high level of $^3H$ was observed in the air (Sangbong: $0.688{\pm}0.841Bq{\cdot}m^{-3}$) and the precipitation (Meteorology Post: $199{\pm}126Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$) samples of the Wolsong nuclear power plant (NPP). $^3H$ concentration in the precipitation and pine needle samples showed typical variation pattern with the distance and the wind direction from the stack due to the gaseous release of $^3H$ in Wolsong NPP. Conclusion: Except for the detection of a trace level of $^{137}Cs$, $^{90}Sr$, Pu, and $^{131}I$ in some samples, anthropogenic radionuclides were below MDC in most of the environmental samples. Overall, no unusual radionuclides and abnormal concentration were detected in the 2017's surveillance result for verification. This research will be available in the assessment of environment around nuclear facilities in the event of radioactive material release.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.1-24
• /
• 2000

명대 장경악은 기상 현상에 관하여 "오운육기를 토대로 기화를 추측하면 피차의 영허에 대해 십중칠팔은 들어맞는다"고 하였는데, 이를 착안하여 논자는 "황제내경"에 기재된 기상에 관하여 운기의 기후 특징을 한반도 서울을 중심으로 실제 기상관측 자료와 비교 분석하였다. 기상청 자료를 토대로 서울의 평균 풍속 평균 기온 강수량 평균 습도를 운기 이론 가운데 대운과 비교하였다. 또한 과거 1564년에서 1863년까지 한반도의 이상 기후 발생 빈도와 운기성쇠 운기동화 운기순역과 비교하였을 때 운기동화의 경우와 이상 기후 발생 빈도와 일치하였다. 다만 본 논문의 실제관측 자료와 통계는 한국의 서울을 중심한 분석이기에, 중국과의 어느 정도 오차를 고려하여야 할 것이다.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.354-374
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 2012년 5월부터 2015년 12월까지 북한강과 남한강의 유입부를 포함하는 팔당호의 5개 지점에서 시공간적 수질 변동성을 강우 수문학과 비교 고찰하였다. 조사기간 동안 기초 수질요인들의 변동은 계절적 영향이 컸다. 특히, 수온성층은 수심이 깊은 댐 부근에서 형성되었고, 연도에 따라 빈산소 장기화도 관찰되었다. 질소(N) 계열 영양염의 증가는 유량이 빈약할 때 나타났고, 이때 $NH_4$는 하수 처리수의 영향을 크게 받아 $NO_3$와 상반되는 경향을 나타내었다. 인(P)의 증가는 유량이 크거나 극심한 가뭄이 지속될 때이었고, P 영양염 결핍도 빈번하게 관찰되었다. Chl-a의 증감은 유량 변동과 역상관 관계를 보였고, 그 값이 높을 때 AGP 값은 낮았다. 팔당호의 수질 변동성은 유역으로부터 하수 처리수(총량: $472{\times}10^3m^3d^{-1}$)의 오염원을 기반으로 한 유입, 방류 및 취수의 패턴에서 직간접적 관련성과 그 영향을 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 수질의 시공간적 변동 과정에서 기상(장마, 태풍, 이상강우 및 폭염더위) 수문(유량과 수위)학적 인자는 펄스, 희석, 역류, 흡수, 농축 및 침전 등 형태로서 작용하였다. 하천형 저수지인 팔당호의 수질 변동은 매우 역동적이며, 국내 최대 상수원의 오염 수준을 경감하기 위한 실효 대책으로 기상 수문에 기초한 육수학적 조사연구와 P-free 하수 처리 정책 실현의 필요성을 제안한다.