• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2015

The goal of this study is to evaluate the limitation of ASTM D 198 bending and ASTM D 3044 in determination of elastic modulus and shear modulus. Different material properties and span to depth ratios were used to analyze the effects of material property and testing conditions. The ratio of true elastic modulus to apparent elastic modulus evaluated from ASTM D 198 bending sharply decreased with increment of span to depth ratio. Shear modulus evaluated from ASTM D 198 bending decreased with increment of depth, whereas shear modulus evaluated from ASTM D 3044 was hardly influenced by increment of depth. Poisson's ratio influenced shear modulus from ASTM D 198 bending but did not influence shear modulus from ASTM D 3044. Different shearing factor was obtained for different depths of beams to correct shear modulus obtained from ASTM D 198 bending equivalent to shear modulus from theory of elasticity. Equivalent shear modulus of materials could be obtained by applying different shearing factors associated with beam depth for ASTM D 198 bending and correction factor for ASTM D 3044.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.40-45
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• 2009

In order to investigate the compatibility of data in MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet), the flash point of xylene isomer was measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup (ASTM D93), Setaflash closed cup(ASTM D3278), Tag open cup(ASTM D1310), and Cleveland open cup (ASTM D92) testers. Also, the AITs(autoignition temperatures) of xylene isomers were measured by using ASTM E659-78 tester. The measured the flash points and the AITs were compared with literatures and MSDS in KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency). The measured the flash points and the AITs were different from those in literatures and MSDS. As a result, this paper is shown that it is needed to investigate combustion characteristics of xylene isomer for the fire safety objectives.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to review application of ASTM C 1260 for cement matrix with flyash and lithium nitrate using reactive aggregate. The experimental program included the accelerated mortar bar test (AMBT: ASTM C 1260) for the slate which was evaluated as reactive aggregate by ASTM C 1260 at the previous study. The cement, which was substituted by 10, 20, 30% flyash containing less than 10% CaO, could control ASR expansion. From the experiment applying lithium nitrate to control ASR, the mortar bar containing lithium nitrate showed more than 0.1% expansion at 14 days. This is probably due to dissolution of lithium nitrate in NaOH solution during test periods. Thus, it is necessary to adopt another test method to verify the control effect of lithium nitrate against alkali-silica reaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.291-294
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• 2002

The Environmental Site Assessment System(ESAS) in Korea which became effective as of 2002 is very similar to the ASTM standard practice in United States. Unlike the United States, however, we do not have Phase I ESA, enough environmental professionals with approved training and practical experiences, and detailed guidelines for a governmental action. As a result of comparison the ESAS with the ASTM standard practice, the ASTM standard practice is focused on the Innocent Landowner Defense and has a difference in data search process as well as legal and methodological ways from the ESAS. Therefore, the Transaction Screen Process in ASTM E-1528 standard practice is suggested to reduce the risk potentially produced under on-site assessment and to achieve efficient on-site assessment. In addition, social and executive supports are discussed to more activate on-site assessment. In near future this study is expected to be standardized more in detail with activation of on-site assessment and it is also expected to increase the role and responsibility of environmental professionals considerably.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.42-47
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• 2009

The flash point and the AIT(auto-ignition temperature) are the most important combustible properties used to determine the potential for the fire and explosion hazards of flammable material. In order to know the accuracy of data in MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet), the flash point of n-acids were measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester(ASTM D93), Setaflash closed cup tester(ASTM D3278), Tag open cup tester(ASTM D1310) and Cleveland open cup tester(ASTM D92). Also, the AIT of n-acids were measured by using ASTM E659-78 tester. The measured the flash points and the AIT were compared with literatures and MSDS in KOSHA. The measured the flash points and the AIT were different from those in literatures and MSDS. Therefore, This paper shows that it is needed to investigate the MSDS compatibility of n-acids for the fire safety objectives.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.73-81
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• 2018

Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), one of the most commonly used instruments for metal analysis, was used to determine total uranium in soil. The method was named as "Modified ASTM C1345-96". When comparing with ASTM C1345-96, digestion time (2~3 days) was shorten to 7 hours and the treatment in furnace was eliminated. In analyses of 26 field soil samples, there was a significant difference in the average concentration of total uranium between modified ASTM C1345-96 and ASTM C1345-96 (F : 6.22 > Fc : 4.03, significance level : 0.05, n=26). The average concentration of modified ASTM C1345-96 was 1.8 times larger than that of ASTM C1345-96. In addition, modified ASTM C1345-96 was compared with other acid digestion methods for soil including ISO 11466, Modified ISO 11466, US EPA-3051, US EPA-3051A and US EPA-3052 using a certificated reference material (SRM 2711a, NIST) and field soil samples with different level of organic matter content (1.6%, 5.8%, 10.6%). Modified ASTM C1345-96 showed the best accuracy of 93.01% for SRM 2711a. Also, modified ASTM C1345-96 showed the higher extraction rates than other digestion methods by 11~45%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.53-59
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• 2019

To reduce the vibrations and shocks during the cargo transportation of high value-added goods, the vibration history was measured on the truck transportation section (Asan-Uiwang) and the freight train transportation section (Uiwang-Pusan). The internal vibrations of the container were obtained by attaching acceleration sensors in three axis directions (longitudinal, lateral. and vertical directions) on the front and rear bogies. The rail vibration profile (0.29Grms) proposed in ASTM D-4169 was approximately 50% higher than the truck vibration profile (0.54Grms). The overall vibration was 16% and 33 % lower in the longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively, compared to the ASTM truck transport vibration profile. On the other hand, the vertical vibration measurement history partially exceeded the ASTM truck transport vibration profile over the range, 4 - 15Hz, and over 60Hz. The vibration measurement history of the cargo train was similar to that of the road. The longitudinal and lateral vibration history was lower than the ASTM D-4169 rail vibration profile, while the vertical history was over 30Hz.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

PURPOSES : This study is to evaluate the feasibility of setting the standard of cement alkali content by using ASTM C 1260(accelerated mortar bar test) METHODS : This study analyzes the ASR(alkali silica reaction) expansion of cement mortar bar based on the changes in the aggregate type(fine, coarse), cement type(ordinary, low alkali), and replacement contents of fly ash. ASR tests were conducted according to ASTM C 1260. RESULTS : In this test results, There is no big difference in the ASR expansion between ordinary cement and low alkali cement. From this test results, it was found that the variation of cement alkali content did not have a effect on ASR expansion because mortar bar was placed in a container with sufficient alkali aqueous solution at high temperature during the test process of ASTM C 1260. CONCLUSIONS : It is evidently clear that the alkali content of cement have a effect on ASR. But ASTM C 1260 is difficult to assess this effect.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp. 583-597
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• 2022

Frost heave can cause uneven ground uplift that may damage geo-infrastructure. To assist damage-prevention strategies, standard frost heave testing methods and frost susceptibility criteria have been established and used in various countries. ASTM International standard testing method is potentially the most useful standard, as abundant experimental data have been acquired through its use. ASTM International provides detailed recommendations, but the method is expensive and laborious because of the complex testing procedure requiring a freezing chamber. A simple frost heave testing method using a temperature-controllable cell has been proposed to overcome these difficulties, but it has not yet been established whether a temperature-controllable cell can adequately replace the ASTM International recommended apparatus. This paper reviews the applicability of the ASTM International testing method using the temperature-controllable cell. Freezing tests are compared using various soil mixtures with and without delivering blow to depress the freezing point (as recommended by ASTM International), and it is established that delivering blow does not affect heave rate, which is the key parameter in successful characterization of frost susceptibility. As the freezing temperature decreases, the duration of supercooling of pore water shortens or is eliminated; i.e., thermal shock with a sufficiently low freezing temperature can minimize or possibly eliminate supercooling.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.6 s.90
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• pp.947-953
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• 2005

Previous test results showed that the current ASTM(American Standard for Testing and Materials) grip adapter for GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer) rebar was not fully successful in developing the design tensile strength of GFRP rebars with reasonable accuracy. It is because the current ASTM grip adapter which is composed of a pair of rectangular metal blocks of which inner faces are grooved along the longitudinal direction does not take into account the various geometric characteristics of GFRP rebar such as surface treatment, shape of bar cross section as well as physical characteristics such as poisson effect, elastic modulus in the transverse direction and so on. The objective of this paper is to provide how to proportion the optimum diameter of inner groove in ASTM grip adapter to develop design tensile strength of GFRP rebar. The proportioning of inner groove in ASTM grip adapter is based on the force equilibrium of GFRP rebar between tensile capacity and minimum frictional resistance required along the grip adapter. The frictional resistance of grip adapter is calculated based on the compressive strain compatibility in radial direction induced by the difference between diameter of GFRP rebar and inner groove In ASTM grip. All testing procedures were made according to the CSA S806-02 recommendations. From the preliminary test results on round-type GFRP rebars, it was found that maximum tensile loads acquired under the same testing conditions is highly affected by the diameter of inner groove in ASTM grip adapter. The grip adapter with specific dimension proportioned by proposed method recorded the highest tensile strength among them.