• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.6-15
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• 2009

Biochemical and functional properties of acid-soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) from rockfish skin were characterized. Yield of PSC (90.0%) was higher than that of ASC (63.2%). Both ASC and the PSC consisted of ${\alpha}1$ and ${\alpha}2$ chains, and $\alpha$-cross-linked components. According to the results of hydroxylation of proline and lysine, and FT-IR, no difference between the helical structure of ASC and PSC was identified. Thermal denaturation temperature (TDT) of ASC from rockfish skin was $22.8^{\circ}C$, the same as exhibited in PSC. Both ASC and PSC were higher in water absorption capacity (WAC) and oil absorption capacity (OAC) than other vegetable proteins. According to the results of emulsifying activity (EA) and cooking stability (CS), both ASC and PSC from rockfish skin were inferior compared to the commercial emulsifier (Tween-80). The results of FT-IR suggested that the structure of PSC was slightly different when compared to that of ASC. No differences in solubility were established between ASC and PSC from rockfish skin at various pH and NaCl concentrations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.4977-4980
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• 2015

Background: ASC-US cases are managed according to the current American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) guideline in which a human papillomavirus (HPV) test and repeat Pap smear are performed in the next 1 year. Colposcopy in cases of positive high risk HPV and persistent ASC-US or more in subsequent Pap smear is recommended. The HPV test is more expensive and still not currently a routine practice in Thailand. Objective: To identify the risk factors of persisted abnormal Pap smear and the colposcopic requirement rate in women with ASC-US. Materials and Methods: During 2008-2013, this study was conducted in Prapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi, Thailand. Participants were women who attended gynaecology clinic for cervical cancer screening. Women who had cytological reports with ASC-US were recruited. During the study period, 503 cases were enrolled. Colposcopic requirement was defined as those who were detected with an ASC-US or more in subsequent Pap smears up to 1 year follow-up. Results: The colposcopic referral rate was 23.2 (85/365) percent at 12 months. Prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3 was 3.3 (12/365) percent. Loss follow-up rate of subsequent Pap smear and colposcopic appointment were 27.4 (138/503) and 48.2 (41/85) percent, respectively. There was no invasive cancer. High risk factors for persisted abnormal Pap smears in subsequent test were premenopausal status, HIV infected patients and non-oral contraceptive pills (COC) users. Conclusions: Referral rate for colposcopy in women with ASC-US reports was rather high. Loss to follow-up rate was the major limitation. Immediate colposcopy should be offered for women who had high risk for silent CIN.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2021

Purpose: In children overlap of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis is labelled as autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC). The only prospective pediatric study showed a high prevalence of ASC by using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Aims of our study were to find the prevalence of ASC by using magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in AIH and in non-AIH cirrhosis and to compare clinical presentation and outcome of AIH and ASC. Methods: Prospectively we did MRC in 38 children with AIH (cases) and 19 disease controls (Wilson disease). Multiple biliary strictures with proximal dilatation on MRC were taken as definitive changes of ASC. Detail clinical, laboratory parameters, liver histopathology and treatment outcome were recorded. Results: The median age of cases was 11.5 (3-18) years, 22 (57.9%) were girls and 28 (73.7%) were diagnosed as type 1 AIH. MRC was done in 11 children (28.9%) at the time of diagnosis and in 27 (71.1%) after a median follow-up of 2.5 (0.3-10) years. Abnormal MRC changes were seen in 14/38 (36.8%) of AIH and 8/19 (42.1%) of controls. However, definite changes of ASC were present in four (10.5%) children in AIH and none in controls. None of the clinical, laboratory, histological parameters and treatment response were significantly different between ASC and AIH groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of ASC in children with AIH was just 10.5%. We suggest MRC in select group with cholestatic features, inflammatory bowel disease and in those who showed poor response to immunosuppression instead of all children with AIH.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.604-615
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 폐기되는 조류 바이오매스를 재활용하여 퇴비화 과정을 통해 새로운 형태의 조류토양개량제(algae soil conditioner, ASC)로 제조하고 영양성분에 대한 특성을 평가하였다. ASCs는 응집부상공법을 통해 수집된 조류 바이오매스를 주원료로 하였으며 추가적으로 다양한 보조 원료(톱밥, 펄라이트, 깻묵 등)를 첨가하여 제조하였다. ASCs는 투입된 조류 바이오매스 질량 비율에 따라 각각 blank 0%, ASC1 11.7%, ASC2 21.6%, ASC3 37.6%, ASC4 59.5%로 구분하여 총 127일간 부숙하였다. ASCs는 호기성 미생물 반응에 의해 온도 증감이 뚜렷하게 나타났으며 6~7회의 크고 작은 온도 피크가 관찰되었다. 이화학 분석결과 유기물이 무기화(mineralization) 되면서 macronutrients (TN, P₂O₅, K₂O) 뿐만 아니라 secondary macronutrients (CaO, MgO)에서도 두드러진 증가를 보였다. 미생물 군집변화는 ASCs의 부숙과정에 따라 1단계(세균, 사상균)→2단계(방선균, 세균)→3단계(고초균)로 나타났으며 온도변화와 영양성분의 거동과 밀접한 관련이 있다고 판단되었다. 부숙 완성도에 따라 토양개량제의 품질이 결정될 수 있으며 본 연구결과에서는 조류 바이오매스를 59.5% 이내로 조절한다면 효과적인 미생물 활성을 유도할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 결론적으로 조류 바이오매스를 재활용한 토양개량제의 제조 및 활용 가능성을 확인하였으며 추가적인 기술적 발전이 이루어진다면 향후 효과적인 토양개량제로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.891-894
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• 2014

This study is aimed to investigate the role of paired boxed gene 1 (PAX1) methylation analysis by methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) in the detection of high grade lesions in atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) and compared its performance with the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) human papillomavirus (HPV) test. In our study, 130 cases with a diagnosis of ASC-H from the cervical cytological screening by Thinprep cytologic test (TCT) technique were selected for triage. Their cervical scrapings were collected and evaluated by using PAX1 methylation analysis (MS-HRM) and high-risk HPV DNA test (HC2), followed by colposcopy and cervical biopsy. Chi-square test were used to test the differences of PAX1 methylation or HPV infection between groups. In the detection of CIN2+, the sensitivity, specificity, the PPV, NPV and the accuracy of PAX1 MS-HRM assay and high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) tests were respectively 80.6% vs 67.7%, 94.9% vs 54.5%, 83.3%, vs 31.8%, 94.0% vs 84.4%, and 91.5% vs 57.7%. The PAX1 MS-HRM assay proved superior to HR-HPV testing in the detection of high grade lesions (CIN2+) in ASC-H. This approach could screen out the majority of high grade lesion cases of ASC-H, and thus could reduce the referral rate to colposcopy.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.468-476
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• 1989

여러가지 피리딘 존재하에서 1-염화안트라센술포닐(1-ASC) 및 3-페난트렌술포닐(3-PSC)이 메탄올 속에서 각각 일으키는 반응의 메카니즘을 속도론적으로 논의하였다. 이들 반응에 대한 Bronsted계수(${\beta}$)는 $20^{\circ}C$에서 1-ASC : 0.55, 3-PSC : 0.43였고 Hammett 반응상수(${\rho}$ 온도에서 1-ASC : -3.5, 3-PSC : -2.6이었다. 두 반응계에 대한 반응성-선택성 원리를 검토한 결과, 등선택성 온도는 $34.3^{\circ}C$였으며 이보다 높은 온도에서는 이 원리가 성립하지 않음을 알았다. 활성화 파라미터와 함께 위의 결과로부터 이들 반응은 속도 결정단계에서 synchronous $S_n2$메카니즘에 의해 진행되는 것으로 결론 지어졌다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.207-222
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• 1989

New process for the preparation of the artificially soild cloth (ASC) used for detergency evaluation was developed and its detergency was also studied. ASC was prepared by the dipping of cotton cloth in the water in which oily soil, protein (gelatine), carbon black and clay had been dispersed. The clay used for this ASC was red yellowish soil around Mt. Kumjung and was a typical soil in Pusan area. Adhesive status of soil at prepared ASc was examined by an electron microscope, and crystallyzation and color change of used clay were evaluated with the determination of X-ray diffraction and surface reflectance. For the evaluation of detergency by the washing with commercial and model detergents, the behavior of soil removal from this ASC comparing with naturally soiled collar cloth was examined. Those results are summerized as followings; 1) Adhesive ststus of soil at prepared ASc was very similar to that of naturally soiled collar cloth. 2) A crystalline of clay calcined at $800^{\circ}C$ was disappeared in part and color of calcined clay changed into reddish yellow by the decomposition of organic matters. 3) More uniform ASc was prepared with clay calcined at $800^{\circ}C\;that\;200^{\circ}C$ however its detergency prepared from clay calcined at $800^{\circ}C$ was poor 4) A significant relationship between the content of inorganic matter in ASc and K/S value was found, however no significant result between the content of protein contaminated and K/S value was observed. 5) Detergency of prepared ASc had a very similar to that of naturally soiled collar cloh.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 1991

마늘의 메타놀 추출물을 클로로포름층과 수층으로 분획하여 각 추출물의 aflatoxin $B_1(AFB_1)$에 대한 항돌연변이 효과를 실험한 결과, Salmonella typhimurium TA98과 TA100에서 클로로포름층이 가장 효과가 크게 나타났다. 클로로포름층을 다시 silica gel column 및 thin layer 크로마토그라피를 사용하여 분리한 결과, 4개의 분획(ASC F1, 2, 3, 4)를 얻었는데, 이중 ASC F2가 $AFB_1$에 대해 항돌연변이 효과가 가장 컸었다. ASC F2로부터 18가지의 화합물이 GC-MS, NMR, FT-IR을 이용하여 잠정적으로 분리, 동정되었으며, 이중 methyl linoleate는 가장 다량으로 함유되어 있는 화합물이었다. Methyl linoleate 표준품의 항돌연변이 효과를 조사한 결과 효과가 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.4665-4669
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• 2016

Purpose: To evaluate the legitimacy of a diagnosis of ASC-H in 5 cases which were followed up monthly for over 2 years with both cytology and HPV testing. Methods: Some 5 cases out of a total of 25.0 self-sampled Pap test patients diagnosed as ASC-H provided 119 specimens over 2 years, with HPV-DNA testing perormed using a E6 primer. Results: Cases 1, 2 and 3 showed SIL after the ASC-H diagnosis, while cases 4 and 5 showed and maintained NILM. Cases 1, 2 and 3 were further characterized by small atypical compressed binucleated cells, in which HPV was detected by in situ PCR. Case 4 showed a high N/C ratio in cells in sheets with a mild increase in chromatin. Case 5 demonstrated a high N/C ratio in small cells with no increase in chromatin. Conclusion: The finding of a compressed binucleated cells can define the difference between degenerated endocervical columnar cells and small atypical cells suggestive of HSIL. When small compressed binucleated squamous cells are detected, there may be a chance of continuing HPV infection and undetected SIL.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2008

This study examined the effects of lactic acid spray, hot water spray, or their combined treatment, as well as the effects of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC), for the decontamination of Escherichia coli on beef carcass surfaces using a commercial intervention system. With this system, the effects of 2 or 4% lactic acid (v/v), hot water ($89{\pm}1^{\circ}C$), or their combined treatment, were examined in terms of reducing inoculated E. coli. ASC (266 ppm), which was adjusted to pH 2.5 using acetic acid or citric acid, was applied using a hand-held spray system. When the beef carcasses were treated with 2 or 4% lactic acid for 10.4 s, less than 1 log reductions of inoculated E. coli were observed. A hot water spray treatment for 9.8 s resulted in a 2.1 log reduction of inoculated E. coli. However, when the hot water was followed with either 2 or 4% lactic acid, no difference in E. coli reduction was found between the hot water alone or the combined treatment with lactic acid. When ASC was adjusted to pH 2.5 with acetic acid and citric acid, 3.8 and 4.1 log reductions of E. coli were observed, respectively. Overall, the lactic acid spray treatment was least effective, and the ASC treatment was most effective, for the E. coli decontamination of beef carcasses. Therefore, these data suggest that ASC would be a more effective intervention against E. coli than most of the methods currently being used. However, more research is required to evaluate the effects of ASC on other organisms, as well as to identify application methods that will not affect meat quality.