• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.75-94
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• 1998

AS/RS(Automated Storage/Retrieval Systems) has inflexibility in change after implementation and its initial cost is very high. Therefore, the proper and correct design of AS/RS is needed at the planning stage. Cost and performance are one of the most important factors in AS/RS design. There is a trade-off relationship between them. Velocity and number of stacker cranes have a deep relationship with performance of AS/RS. In this study, a model and a heuristic algorithm for finding optimal rack volumes and velocities of stacker for design of AS/RS are proposed with a numerical example.

• 산업공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.237-246
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• 1999

The Automated Storage/Retrieval System(AS/RS) is very expensive to be built. But there are few tools available which can be used to design the storage systems optimally considering overall system building costs and constraints. In this paper, we propose a design support system for optimal design of AS/RS which includes different sized cells using expert systems and mathematical models considering customer's demands. The optimization models are to be used to minimize the total cost including building, equipment and operation costs. Expert system technique is utilized for using the experiences of skilled designers. By using the proposed system, AS/RS can be designed accurately, economically and efficiently.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.993-1014
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• 2014

In civil engineering, revolving structures (RS) are a unique structural form applied in innovative architecture design. Such structures are able to revolve around themselves or along a certain track. However, few studies are dedicated to safety design or health monitoring of RS. In this paper, a wireless dynamic sensing system is developed for RS, and field tests toward a large revolving auditorium are conducted accordingly. At first, a wheel-rail problem is proposed: The internal force redistributes in RS, which is due to wheel-rail irregularity. Then the development of the sensing system for RS is presented. It includes system architecture, network organization, vibrating wire sensor (VWS) nodes and online remote control. To keep the sensor network identifiable during revolving, the addresses of sensor nodes are reassigned dynamically when RS position changes. At last, the system is mounted on a huge outdoor revolving auditorium. Considering the influence of the proposed problem, the RS of the auditorium has been designed conservatively. Two field tests are conducted via the sensing system. In the first test, 2000 people are invited to act as the live load. During the revolving process, data is collected from RS in three different load cases. The other test is the online monitoring for the auditorium during the official performances. In the end, the field-testing result verifies the existence of the wheel-rail problem. The result also indicates the dynamic sensing system is applicable and durable even while RS is rotating.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.647-654
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• 2024

군 무기체계에서는 무장을 제어하기 위한 조종간이 필수적으로 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 RS-422 통신과 임베디드 프로세서를 이용하여 무장 조종간의 설계와 성능을 평가한다. 이 무장 조종간은 한국 조종사의 손 치수와 임무 편의성을 고려하여 인체공학적으로 디자인되었으며, RS-422 통신 기반의 회로와 소프트웨어는 임베디드 프로세서를 이용하여 설계되었다. 무장 조종간의 시제품을 제작하여 기본성능시험 및 고도, 고온, 저온, 온도충격, 습도, 강우, 진동 충격, 가속도 등 다양한 환경시험을 시행하여 기준을 충족하였다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1992년도 춘계공동학술대회 발표논문 및 초록집; 울산대학교, 울산; 01월 02일 May 1992
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• pp.247-247
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• 1992

• BMB Reports
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.610-614
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• 2017

Scientists planning research that involves the use of animals are required to examine the possibilities for replacement, reduction, or refinement (the Three Rs), and their protocol must be reviewed by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Good scientific practice involving appropriate search techniques on the available Three Rs resources is essential for both ethical and scientific reasons. Appropriate experimental design and statistical analysis techniques are particularly necessary for research involving the use of animals, because this can improve animal welfare and scientific outcomes, as well as saving animal lives. There are a number of resources to help researchers improve their search techniques, experimental design strategies, and their reporting of research involving the use of animals. However, there is little specific information or resources on the Three Rs alternatives that is readily available in the Korean language. This paper outlines the common errors made by submitting researchers that have been repeatedly observed during the ethical review of experimental protocols over the last ten years, and provides information on the Korean resources available to promote good scientific practice. This could help to bridge the gap between Korean scientists and animal welfare advocates assisting scientists to improve ethical considerations and conduct responsible research.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.34-46
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• 1988

This paper deals with design problem of unit load automated storage/retrieval systems (AS/RS). We propose an optimal design model in which the investment and maintenance costs of AS/RS, operating under dual command model is minimized over a time horizon satisfying the warehouse dimensional constraints. The model is formulated as an integer nonlinear program and an algorithm is proposed to find an optimum solution. The valididty of the solution algorithm is illustrated through an example.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권7A호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2012

이 논문은 지연프레임 시간다이버시티(DFTD)를 외부코드로 사용하고 RS 코드를 내부코드로 사용하는 원격측정방식의 성능분석에 대하여 기술한다. DFTD는 탑재장치에서 실시간 프레임과 더불어 임의 시간동안 지연된 프레임을 함께 전송하고 지상에서 각 프레임을 병합하는 방식이다. RS 코드는 DFTD에 직렬로 연결되어지는 FEC(forward error correction) 코드이다. 이 방식을 원격측정장치 설계에 적용하여 깊은 페이딩이 존재하는 통신환경에서 비행시험을 수행하였다. 비행시험 결과를 사용하여 코드적용이 없을 경우, DFTD만 적용할 경우, RS 코드만 적용할 경우와 DFTD와 RS 코드를 함께 적용할 경우에 대하여 각각의 성능을 분석한다. 시간지연 모의는 모든 프레임오류 제거 가능성을 보여주고 12회 비행시험 결과는 새로운 원격측정방식의 성능 우수성을 RS코드만 적용하였을 경우와 비교하여 보여준다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2023

Proton treatment may deliver a larger dose to a patient's skin than traditional photon therapy, especially when a range shifter (RS) is inserted in the beam path. This study investigated the effects of an RS on skin dose while considering RS with different thicknesses, airgaps and materials. First, the physical model of the scanning nozzle with RS was established in the TOol for PArticle Simulation (TOPAS) code, and the effects of the RS on the skin dose were studied. Second, the variations in the skin dose and isocenter beam size were examined by reducing the air gap. Finally, the effects of different RS materials, such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), Lexan, polyethylene and polystyrene, on the skin dose were analysed. The results demonstrated that the current RS design had a negligible effect on the skin dose, whereas the RS significantly impacted the isocenter beam size. The skin dose was increased considerably when the RS was placed close to the phantom. Moreover, the magnitude of the increase was related to the thickness of the inserted RS. Meanwhile, the results also revealed that the secondary proton primarily contributed to the increased skin dose.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.221-226
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• 2006

Around 2002, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) identified a need to re-capitalize their Reference Station (RS) and Integrity Monitor (IM) equipment used in the Nationwide Differential Global Position System (NDGPS). Commercially available off-the-shelf differential RS and IM equipment lacked the open architecture required to support long-term goals that include future system improvements such as use of new civil frequencies on L2 and L5 and realization of a higher rate NDGPS beacon data channel intended to support RTK. The first step in preparing for this future NDGPS was to port current RTCM SC-104 compatible RS and IM functionality onto an open architecture PC-based platform. Trimble's product Charisma is a PC-based RS and IM software designed to meet these USCG goals. In fact USCG engineers provided key designs and design insights throughout the development. We cannot overstate the contribution of the USCG engineers. Fundamental requirements for this effort were that it be sufficiently flexible in hardware and software design to support fluid growth and exploitation of new signals and technologies as they become available, yet remain backward compatible with legacy user receivers and existing site hardware and system architecture. These fundamental goals placed an implicit adaptability requirement on the design of the replacement RS and IM. Additionally, project engineers were to remain focused on sustaining the high level of differential GPS service that 1.5 million legacy users have come to depend on. This paper will present new hardware and software (i.e., Trimble's Charisma software) architecture for the next generation NDGPS RS and IM. This innovative approach to engineering on an open architecture PC-based platform allows the system to continue to fulfill legacy NDGPS system requirements and allows the USCG and others to pursue a scalable hardware re-capitalization strategy. We will use the USCG's recapitalization project to explain the essential role of the Charisma software.