• 한국콘텐츠학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2016

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2013

차량용 증강현실 기술은 운전자의 신체적 인지적 부하를 최소화함으로써 운전자의 안전과 편의를 달성하기 위한 목적으로 차량에서 제공되는 정보를 운전자의 시야에 맞게 운전자 전방 실세계에 정합하여 제공하는 기술이다. 최근 차량의 지능화와 증강현실기술 접목의 다양화 및 디스플레이 기술의 급진한 발전으로 차량용 HUD(Head Up Display)기술 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 특히 최근에는 국내외 자동차 제조사 및 연구기관을 중심으로 AR(Augmented Reality)기술을 차량용 HUD에 접목한 AR-HUD 기술 개발이 진행 중이다. 본고에서는 이러한 배경을 토대로 차량용 HUD 기술 및 차량용 AR 기술의 개발 현황과 관련 이슈에 관하여 살펴보고자 한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1038-1047
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• 2013

Augmented reality (AR) is currently being applied actively to commercial products, and various types of intelligent AR systems combining both the Global Positioning System and computer-vision technologies are being developed and commercialized. This paper suggests an in-vehicle head-up display (HUD) system that is combined with AR technology. The proposed system recognizes driving-safety information and offers it to the driver. Unlike existing HUD systems, the system displays information registered to the driver's view and is developed for the robust recognition of obstacles under bad weather conditions. The system is composed of four modules: a ground obstacle detection module, an object decision module, an object recognition module, and a display module. The recognition ratio of the driving-safety information obtained by the proposed AR-HUD system is about 73%, and the system has a recognition speed of about 15 fps for both vehicles and pedestrians.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the usage effects of an augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) system on the risk perception and psychological changes of drivers. To do so, we conducted an experiment to collect the driver response times for vehicles and pedestrians as their risk perception behavior, and used a driving behavior determinants questionnaire consisting of Problem Evading, Benefits/Sensation Seeking, Anti-Personal Anxiety, Anti-Personal Angry, and Aggression factors for collecting the psychological characteristics of the drivers. Thirty drivers were randomly assigned into an in-vehicle AR-HUD using group and a control group. As a result, the Anti-Personal Anxiety and Anti-Personal Angry factors were negatively correlated with the response time for the control group. In contrast, these results were not shown for the in-vehicle AR-HUD system using group. These results indicate that the in-vehicle AR-HUD system may partially induce a relaxation of tension or stress for drivers with a high level of interpersonal anxiety. Therefore, the in-vehicle AR-HUD system might contribute to not only the visual safety driving behaviors of drivers, but also to their psychological driving safety with specific characteristics.

• 감성과학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2021

The continuous development of in-vehicle information systems in recent years has dramatically enriched drivers' driving experience while occupying their cognitive resources to varying degrees, causing driving distraction. Under this complex information system, managing the complexity and priority of information and further improvement in driving safety has become a key issue that needs to be urgently solved by the in-vehicle information system. The new interactive methods incorporating the augmented reality (AR) and head-up display (HUD) technologies into in-vehicle information systems are currently receiving widespread attention. This superimposes various onboard information into an actual driving scene, thereby meeting the needs of complex tasks and improving driving safety. Based on the qualitative research methods of surveys and telephone interviews, this study collects the information needs of the target user groups (i.e., beginners and skilled drivers) and constructs a three-mode information database to provide the basis for a customized AR-HUD interface design.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.272-280
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• 2014

Most of the car navigation systems pzrovide 2D or 3D virtual map-based driving guidance. One of the important issues is how to reduce cognitive burden to the driver who should interpret the abstracted information to real world driving information. Recently, an augmented reality (AR)-based navigation is considered as a new way to reduce cognitive workload by superimposing guidance information into the real world scene captured by the camera. In particular, head-up display (HUD) is popular to implement AR navigation. However, HUD is too expensive to be set up in most cars so that the HUD-based AR navigation is currently unrealistic for navigational assistance. Meanwhile, smartphones with advanced computing capability and various sensors are popularized and also provide navigational assistance. This paper presents a research on cognitive effect and responsiveness of an AR navigation by a comparative study with a conventional virtual map-based navigation on the same smartphone. This paper experimented both quantitative and qualitative studies to compare cognitive workload and responsiveness, respectively. The number of eye gazing at the navigation system is used to measure the cognitive effect. In addition, questionnaires are used for qualitative analysis of the responsiveness.

• 인포메이션 디스플레이
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2023

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.660-671
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• 2021

We present a novel optical system for an augmented reality head-up display (AR HUD) with two virtual images at different conjugates by employing a confocal off-axis two-mirror and introducing the horopter circle. For a far virtual image with large asymmetrical aberrations, we initially obtain an off-axis two-mirror system corrected for these aberrations and compensated for the down angle by configuring its parameters to satisfy the confocal and Scheimpflug conditions, respectively. In addition, this system is designed to reduce the biocular parallax by matching Petzval surface into the longitudinal horopter circle in a near virtual image. This design approach enables us to easily balance the residual aberrations and biocular parallax when configuring the optical system with two different conjugates, which results in an AR HUD available for near and far virtual images together.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose the augmented reality(AR) based driving navigation based on robust lane detection method to dynamic environment changes. The proposed technique uses the detected lane position as a marker which is a key element for enhancing driving information. We propose Symmetrical Local Threshold(SLT) algorithm which is able to robustly detect lane to dynamic illumination environment change such as shadows. In addition, by using Morphology operation and Connected Component Analysis(CCA) algorithm, it is possible to minimize noises in the image, and Region Of Interest(ROI) is defined through region division using a straight line passing through several vanishing points We also propose the augmented reality aided visualization method for Interchange(IC) and driving navigation using reference point detection based on the detected lane coordinates inside and outside the ROI. Validation experiments were carried out to assess the accuracy and robustness of the proposed system in vairous environment changes. The average accuracy of the proposed system in daytime, nighttime, rainy day, and cloudy day is 79.3% on 4600 images. The results of the proposed system for AR based IC and driving navigation were also presented. We are hopeful that the proposed research will open a new discussion on AR based driving navigation platforms, and thus, that such efforts will enrich the autonomous vehicle services in the near future.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2016

This paper presents an integrated navigation system for accurate navigation solution-based safety and convenience services in the vehicular augmented reality (AR)-head up display (HUD) system. For lane-level guidance service, especially, an accurate navigation system is essential. To achieve this, an inertial navigation system (INS)/global positioning system (GPS)/vision/digital map (IGVM) integrated navigation system has been developing. In this paper, the concept of the integrated navigation system is introduced and is implemented based on a multi-model switching filter and vehicle status decided by using the GPS data and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements. The performance of the implemented navigation system is verified experimentally.