• 대한약침학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2012

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and the efficacy of Korean herbal, western and combination medicine use in patients with abnormal liver function tests. Methods: We investigated nerve disease patients with abnormal liver function tests who were treated with Korean herbal, western and combination medicine at Dong-Eui University Oriental Hospital from January 2011 to August 2011. We compared aspartic aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (T-bil) levels before and after taking medicine and excluded patients who had liver-related disease when admitted. Results: AST and ALT were decreased significantly in patients who had taken herbal, western medicine. AST, ALT and ALP were decreased significantly in patients who had taken combination medicine. Compare to herbal medicine, AST, ALT and ALP were decreased significantly in patients who had taken western medicine, and ALT and ALP were decreased significantly in patients who had taken combination medicine. There were no significant differences between western and combination medicine. Conclusions: This study suggests that prescribed Korean herbal medicine, at least, does not injure liver function for patients', moreover, it was shown to be effective in patients with abnormal liver function tests.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2003

목 적: 소아의 만성 B형 간염 치료에 interferon-${\alpha}$의 일정한 치료 효과가 보고되고 있다. 저자들은 interferon-${\alpha}$의 용량 차이에 따른 치료 효과 및 초치료와 재치료에 따른 치료 효과에 차이가 있는지 비교해 보았다. 방 법: 1990년 3월부터 1999년 8월까지 경북대학교병원 소아과에 내원하였던 환아(2~14세) 중 6개월 이상 HBsAg, HBeAg 및 HBV DNA가 양성이고, 혈청 ALT치가 상승되어 있는 51명의 환아를 대상으로 27명에게 interferon-${\alpha}$ $3MU/m^2$ ($2.66{\pm}0.66\;MU/m^2$)를 투여하였고 24명에게는 $6\;MU/m^2$ ($4.45{\pm}0.94\;MU/m^2$)을 주 3회씩 6개월(6~12개월)간 피하 혹은 근육 주사하였다. interferon-${\alpha}$ 초치료 평균용량은 $3.50{\pm}1.20\;MU/m^2$이었고 평균 치료 기간은 7개월(6~12개월)이었다. 초치료에 반응이 없었던 환아 중 12명을 대상으로 다시 interferon-${\alpha}$ 재치료를 시행하였다. 재치료 평균 용량은 $3.62{\pm}1.51\;MU/m^2$이었고 평균 치료 기간은 7개월(6~12개월)이었다. 용량 차이를 보인 두 군 사이에 성별, 연령, 치료기간, 치료전 ALT치와 HBV DNA 등에서는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며 초치료, 재치료 두 군간에도 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 과: 치료 시작 1년 후 시점에서 interferon $3\;MU/m^2$로 치료한 27명 중 11명(41%)에서 ALT의 정상화를 보였고 9명(33%)에서 HBeAg이 anti-HBe로 혈청전환이 되었다. 한편 $6\;MU/m^2$ 치료군 24명 중 에서는 12명(50%)에서 ALT의 정상화를 보였고 7명(29%)에서 혈청전환이 되었는데 두 군 사이의 치료성적에는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. Interferon $3\;MU/m^2$ 치료군에서 발생한 부작용으로는 발열 14례(52%), 백혈구 감소증 10례(37%)였으며 모든 경우에서 특별한 조치 없이 회복되었다. 한편 interferon $6\;MU/m^2$ 치료군에서는 발열 16례(67%), 백혈구 감소증 8례(33%), 혈소판 감소증 1례(4%), 갑상선 기능 저하증 2례(8%)가 있었다. 치료와 관련된 부작용도 두 군 간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. Interferon-${\alpha}$ 초치료군 51명 중 23명(45%)에서 ALT의 정상화를 보였고 16명(31%)에서 혈청전환이 있었으며 재치료군은 12명 중 3명(25%)에서 ALT의 정상화 및 혈청전환이 있었다. 결 론: Interferon-${\alpha}$ $3\;MU/m^2$ 치료군과 $6\;MU/m^2$치료군을 비교했을 때 ALT의 정상화 및 혈청전환에서 의미 있는 치료 효과의 차이를 찾을 수 없었다. interferon-${\alpha}$ 재치료는 초치료만큼의 효과가 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 1996

The antilipidperoxidative and hepatopreventive effects of Aloe water extract (30 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg) were investigated at the levels of liver-total homogenates and the sera of SDrats intoxicated with CCl4 (0.5 cc/100g) and 50% ethanol. We measured MDA (Malondialdehyde) in the liver homogenate, AST (L-Aspartate-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase) and ALT(L-Alanine-2-oxo-glutraate aminotransferase) in the serum. The analysis of the measurement indicated that Aloe water extract reduced MDA, ALT and AST significantly and their reduction was in relation to dose dependence. In rat liver homogenate intoxicated with ethanol and CCl4, Aloe treatment group markedly inhibited lipidperoxidation by 30%∼70%. In rat serum intoxicated with ethanol and CCl4, Aloe treatment group inhibited AST, ALT by 40%∼90%. In these data Aloe may be used to inhibit or prevent the hapatic toxicity with results from the environmental and alcohlic factors through the further study of its exact antihepatotoxic mechanism.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2002

It is considered that herbal medicine may also have hepatotoxicity and Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata is thought to be the most poisonous. We investigated the changes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and ${\gamma}-glutamyltranspeptidase{\;}({\gamma}-GT$)$ in 6 cases administrated herbal medicine containing Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata and tried to evaluate its influence on liver enzymes. Before administration, the mean values of AST and ALT were $30.5{\pm}12.4${\;}U/L{\;}and{\;}30.7{\pm}22.5{\;}U/L$. After administration, those of AST, ALT and ${\gamma}-GT{\;}were{\;}25.7{\pm}8.7 {\;}U/L,{\;}28{\pm}14.8{\;}U/L{\;}and{\;}34.3{\pm}19.4{\;}U/L$ respectively. Therefore, it is indirectly assured that herbal medicine containing Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata didn't influence liver enzymes such as AST, ALT, ${\gamma}-GT$.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제21권45호
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• pp.319-328
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• 1998

In this paper, the design of ALT(Accelerated Life Test) requires a sampling plan based on failure-censored(Type II censored) ALT with lognormal life distribution. Specially the environmental effect of products has been emphasized, so we considered the upper life limit as well as lower life limit in the ALT sampling plan. The optimal plan with a high stress and a low stress is used as test plan, and the total sample size for test and lot acceptability constant which minimize an asymptotic variance of maximum likelihood estimator of assumed model parameters and satisfy the given producer's risk and customer's risk are drawn out. These values can be acquired by means of the computer program that we coded for resolving the difficulty and complexity of calculation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.677-682
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• 1999

Conjugated polycarbosilanes with diacetylene and aromatic groups of thiophene or phenylene simultaneously present in the polymer backbone such as poly[[1,4-bis(thiophenyl)buta-1,3-diyne]-alt-(dimethylsilane)], poly[[1,4-bis(thiophenyl)buta-1,3-diyne]-alt-(diphenylsilane)], poly[[1,4-bis(phenyl)buta-1,3-diyne]-alt-(dimethylsilane)],and poly[[1,4-bis(phenyl)buta-1,3-diyne]-alt-(diphenylsilane)] have been prepared. The characteristic C=C stretching frequencies appear at 2177-2179㎝-1 in the IR spectra of the polymers. The molecular weights of these polymers were detemined by GPC. All of these materials are soluble in organic solvents such as THF and chloroform, and thermally stable up to 200℃ in general without any weight loss under nitrogen. The prepared materials in THF solvent show a maximum absorption peak in the range of 334-356 nm with a molar absorptivity of 10³∼10ⁿ(n=5)L/(cm·mol) in the UV-visible absorption spectra. A maximum emission peak in the range of 403-550 nm is also observed in the fluorescence emission spectra. Both absorption and emission spectra strongly indicate that the obtained polycarbosilanes contain the new conjugated systems along the polymer main chain.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2019

With the recent development in microsurgery, the use of a perforator flap has been widely implemented. If the length of the ALT flap pedicle is insufficient despite adequate preoperative planning, pedicle length extension is necessary. We planned for a reverse ALT free flap using the distal vessel of the descending branch for pedicle length extension in the case of ALT perforator branch originating from the proximal portion of the descending branch. For the management of venous congestion, the distal venae comitantes were anastomosed to the proximal venous stump in an antegrade manner, successfully resolving the venous congestion. Modified reverse-flow ALT free flap, wherein the venae comitantes are anastomosed to the proximal vein stump, is a good option that allows for relatively simple pedicle extension within the same operative field when securing an adequate pedicle length is difficult because of the origin of the perforator from the proximal descending branch, unlike the initial surgical plan.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.54-64
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• 2023

This case report describes skeletal anchorage-supported maxillary protraction performed with the Alternate Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Constriction (AltRAMEC) protocol over a treatment duration of 14 months in a 16-year-old female patient who was in the late growth-development period. Miniplates were applied to the patient's aperture piriformis area to apply force from the protraction appliance. After 9 weeks of following the Alt-RAMEC protocol, miniplates were used to transfer a unilateral 500-g protraction force to a Petit-type face mask. A significant improvement was observed in the soft tissue profile in measurements made both cephalometrically and in three dimensional photographs. Subsequently, the second phase of fixed orthodontic treatment was started and the treatment was completed with the retention phase. Following treatment completion, occlusion, smile esthetics, and soft tissue profile improved significantly in response to orthopedic and orthodontic treatment.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.253-257
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• 2004

The mechanisms by which leptospires caused disease are not well understood. A number of putative virulence factors have been suggested, but with few exceptions their role in pathogenesis remains unclear. In these days, many cases of leptospirosis are diagnosed by serological immunoassay. Leptospirosis is characterized by the histopathology of liver, kidney, heart, and lung, but the electrophoresis fractions of serum protein are not compared. We analyzed total protein, albumin, aspartic aminotranferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine and urea nitrogen (UN) in sera of patients diagnosed leptospirosis. Total protein and albumin were decreased in 18.5％ and 31.2％ of patients, respectively. AST, ALT, ALP, UN and creatinine were increased in 90.4％, 66.9％, 28.0％, 15.9％ and 10.8％ of patients, respectively. We performed cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis (EP) on sera of patients increased both of AST and ALT, and of patients increased both of creatinine and UN. In patients increased both of AST and ALT, and in patients increased both of AST and ALT, the relative percentage of albumin to total protein in patient serum was dcreased in 89.1 ％ of patients. α₁-globulin, α₂-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin were increased in 85.1 ％, 75.2％, 33.6％ and 98.0％ of patients, respectively. In patients increased both of creatinine and UN, the relative percentage of albumin to total protein in patient serum was dcreased in 93.8％ of patients. α₁-globulin, α₂-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin were increased in 87.5％, 100％, 31.2％ and 93.8％ of patients, respectively. These data indicate that infection of Leptospira causes severe liver damage to most of leptospirosis patients, but doesn't cause renal damage to most of them. The relative rate of serum protein electrophoresis fractions to total protein are not identical with them of typical hepatitis patient.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.537-547
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 ALT 보드와 NetLogo 확장 모듈을 개발하여 능동적 참여 모의실험 (Active Participatory Simulation: APS) 학습이 가능하도록 한다. 기존 참여 모의실험 학습에서도 실험이 수행되는 동안 학생들은 HubNet을 통하여 클라이언트로서 실험에 참여할 수 있다. 하지만 HubNet 서버만이 하나의 외부 모듈과 연결되기 때문에 다수의 클라이언트가 참여하는 이중초점 모델링 기반 학습이 불가능하다. 따라서 클라이언트의 참여와 실험 및 측정 데이터를 수집하기 위하여 ATmega32 기반의 ALT 보드를 개발한다. 또한 이 입력된 데이터를 HubNet 서버와 교환할 수 있는 TCP/IP 소켓 기반 Java 확장 모듈을 개발한다. ALT 보드와 확장 모듈을 통하여 APS 학습 환경 구축이 가능하다. 이를 위한 NetLogo 프로그래밍 방법을 소개하고 학습 예시를 보여 과학교육에 활용될 수 있는 방안을 모색한다.