• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 1995

치주질환의 치유에 있어서 치주인대 세포의 증식과 분화는 매우 중요하다. 몇몇 학자들에 의해 치주인대 세포의 증식과 분화에 영향을 주는 platelet derived growth나 fibronectin과 같은 growth factor에 대한 연구가 있었다. 이 연구는 홍삼 총사포닌이 치주인대 세포에 미치는 세포독성과 세포의 성장 및 분화에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 사람의 치주인대 세포를 분리, 배양하여 실험하였다. 총사포닌이 치주인대 세포에 미치는 세포독성을 특정하기 위해 여러가지 농도의 총사포닌을 세포배양액에 첨가하여 1주일 배양후의 결과와 단일 농도($1{\mu}g/ml$})하에서의 세포 성장을 혈구계산반을 사용하여 관찰하였다. 치주인대 세포가 조골세포양세포로의 분화과정에 사포닌이 영향을 미치는 것을 관찰하기 위해 개개의 총사포닌 농도)0.1,1,$10{\mu}g/ml}$)를 세포배양액에 첨가하여 배양하였다. 치주인대 세포가 조골세포의 표현형으로 분화되는데 미치는 총사포닌의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 총사포닌의 단일 농도($1{\mu}g/ml$)하에서 $50{\mu}g/ml$ ascorbic acid와 10mM ${\beta}-glycerophosphate$를 배양액에 첨가하여 배양후 von Kossa's staining을 시행하여 생성된 골결절을 관찰하였다. 이상의 실험에서 얻어진 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 각각의 농도를 투여한 결과, $1{\mu}g/ml$의 총사포닌에 의해서 세포독성이 유의성있게 증가하였다. 2. 0.01,0.01,1,$10{\mu}g/ml$의 총사포닌을 세포배양액에 첨가한 다음 7일 후의 고나찰시 cell viability가 실험농도 모두에서 유의성있게 증가하였다. 3. 0.1,1,10,$100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 유외성있는 세포 증식이 있었다. 4. $1{\mu}g/ml$의 총사포닌을 세포배양액에 첨가한 다음 1,3,5,7,9일의 관찰시 시간경과에 따라 유의성있는 세포 증식이 있었다. 5. $10{\mu}g/ml$의 총사포닌을 세포배양액에 첨가시 ALP activity가 대조군에 비해 유외성있게 증가하였다. 6. $1{\mu}g/ml$의 총사포닌으로 배양된 치주인대 세포내에서 ALP positive cell이 관찰되었다. 7. $1{\mu}g/ml$의 총사포닌으로 배양된 치주인대 세포내에서 골결절 형성이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1485-1489
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• 2004

Panax ginseng is the one of best famous phytochemical plant in the world and it's various positive effects such as antioxidant, regulation of immunity are very well known. In this study, we investigated primary the cell viability and morphological change and secondary an antioxidative effect and liver function improvement of extract from Ginseng folium and stem in CCl4 intoxicated rats. The NCTC cell line were used for cell viability and sirius red staining before the animal experiment. The female Sprague-Dawley rats (90-100g) were divided into 3 groups (Normal, AC: CCl₄ treated group, GFS: CCl₄+ extract of Ginseng folium and stem treated group) and acute liver damage was developed by one time administration of CCl₄ mixture (0.5㎖/rat). The liver tissue and sera were collected and used for quantitative measurement of enzyme activity (AST, ALT, ALP, BUN), MDA and Hyp. As a result, cell viability in GFS treated group (in concentration of 3.33-33.33㎎ GFS/200㎕ medium) was 180.9-241.0% significantly and dose dependently higher than in control group. And potential state of cell growth and differentiation and no criteria of cytoplasm lysis and nucleus breaking were observed in control and GFS group. The parameters of liver function (AST and ALP) in sera of GFS group showed significantly 93% and 67.6% lower than AC group (p<0.005-0.05). And the level of ALT and BUN showed fast similar in AC group and GFS group. The concentration of MDA in liver was decreased 576.5% significantly in GFS group when compared with AC group (p<0.005). The content of Hyp in GFS group is merely lower than in AC group. In conclusion, the water extract of Ginseng folium and stem such as Ginseng radix may be possessed the antioxidative effect and improvement of liver function in CCl₄ intoxicated rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.581-587
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• 1996

This study was done to investigate the effects of Artemisia selengensis methanol extract on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicty in rat liver. Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats weighing about 150g were divided into the following 4 groups : control group(CON), Astemisia selengensis methanol extract administered group(ASE), ethanol adminstered group(ETH) and Artemisia selengenis methanol extract and ethanol administered group(ASA). Ethanol and Artemisia selengenis methanol extract were administered orally by 5m1/kg and 200mg/kg body weight per day for 6weeks, respectively. Body weight, daily food intake and percent liver weight per body weight were significantly changed by ethanol administration in comparison to control group. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT), asparate aminotransferase(AST), and hepatic TBA-reactants increased by ethanol were decreased significantly by Artemisia selengensis methanol extract compared with ethanol group. It was also obseued that superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were not changed by Artemisia selengensis methanol extract, whereas hepatic xanthine oxidase activity was inhibitied by Artemisia selengensis methanol extract as compared to ethanol group. The glutathione contents in liver decreased by ethanol adminstration, but glutathione levels increased in ASA compared with ethanol group. These results suggest that Artemisia selengenis methanol extract have a possible protective effect on the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rat liver.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological function of ODAM and its signal transduction pathway in the steps of ameloblast differentiation and enamel mineralization. An ODAM recombinant protein was produced and stable ODAM transgenic cell lines were also established using ameloblast-lineage cells (ALCs). To verify the ODAM signal transduction pathway, BAMBI recombinant protein, an inhibitor of BMP2 and BMP receptor 1B (BMPR-1B), was treated and BMPR-1B siRNA was used to silence expression of BMPR-1B. Mineralization was augmented by the ALCs treated with the ODAM recombinant protein and the sense ODAM overexpressing cells. The ALP activity was also increased markedly in the sense ODAM overexpressing cells and the ALCs treated with ODAM recombinant protein. The inactivation of ODAM in the ALCs down-regulated the expression of BMPR-1B, whereas its expression was up-regulated markedly when ODAM was overexpressed. These results provide deeper insights into the process of ameloblast maturation and in enamel mineralization. It also suggested that ODAM augmented enamel mineralization.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1525-1531
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• 2010

The principal objective of this study was to investigate the effects of silkworm sericin extract supplementation on the improvement of lipid compositions, blood glucose levels and enzyme activities in the serum of dyslipidemic rats. The rats were fed the experimental diet for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio and blood glucose in serum were higher in the dyslipidemic group (group HCW) and cholesterol-plus-silkworm sericin extract intake group (group HCS) than those in the control group (group BW, basal diet-plus-water). However, the concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL-cholesterol, TG, PL, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio and blood glucose level in serum were lower in group HCS than those in group HCW. On the other hand, the HDL-cholesterol level and the ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol in group HCS were higher than in group HCW. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST & ALT) in serum were lower in group HCS than in the dyslipidemic group HCW. From the above results, it was suggested that silkworm sericin extract intake was effective in the prevention and improvement of lipid components, blood glucose level and enzyme activities in the sera of dyslipidemic rats.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.279-291
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• 1996

저수준레에저요법에 대해서는 지난 10여년간 의학계 및 치과계에서 임상적으로 사용하여 좋은 결과가 있다고 많은 보고가 발표되고 있다. 특히 치근의 골결손에 관한 연구에서는 전기요법, 초음파요법, 전자장요법 등 뿐만아니라 저수준레이저를 사용하여 골절부내 Callus형성이 촉진되었음을 보고하고 새로운 치료법의 하나가 될 수 있음을 제안한 바도 있다. 본 연구에서는 칼륨비소를 다이오드로 사용한 저수준레이저조사가 골결손의 치유에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 골모세포의 알칼리성 인산분해효소의 활성화와 석회화결절의 형성을 평가함으로 골모세포의 기능을 조사코저하였다. 실험은 첫째, 9개군으로 나누어 레이저 조사기간에 따른 알칼리성 인산분해효소의 활성화를 조사하였고, 둘째, 이를 근거로 9일간 계속 매일 1회 1.3 J/cm2의 레이저를 조사한 후 펄스의 종류별 차이를 비교하였으며, 세째,레이저펄스별 석회차 결절의 형성 정도를 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 비교분석하였다. 결과, 7일 계속 레이저를 조사한 경우 다른 군에 비해 서서히 ALP의 활성이 증가하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었으며. 따라서 9일동안 레이저를 계속 조사한 경우에는 전체 에너지량이 5.895 J/cm2 인 펄스13과 15가 뚜렷하게 유의한 증가를 보여주었다. 그러나 석회화결절의 형성은 전체 에너지량이 2.546 J/cm2 인 펄스11에서 가장 많았다. 결론적으로 골형성이나 알칼리성 인산분해효소의 활성을 촉진하는 데에는 적절한 레이저 조사조건이 필요하나, 알칼리성 인산분해효소의 활성을 촉진한 펄스와 석회화결절의 형성을 촉진하는 펄스가 서로 다르게 나타난 것은 골형성을 촉진하는 여러요인 들이 저수준레이저에 자극받았을 가능성이 높음을 보여준다 이러한 결과들로 보아 저수준레이저는 골모세포의 기능을 자극하여 골결손의 치유를 개선하는 데 도움될 것이라 사료된다.다. 각 백서의 양측 창상중 하나는 1,3,5,7일 마다 각 실험의 방법에 따라 레이저를 조사하고 실험동물의 다른 창상은 대조군으로서 사용하였다. 모든 창상의 면적은 실험 1,3,5,7 일째에 일정한 거리에서 사진촬영하여 면적계를 이용, 측정한 후 통계적인 의의를 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 저수준레이저는 특정 조건하에서 S. aureus의 증식을 촉진하였다. 그러나 S. aureus에 감염된 창상을 저수준레이저로 조사시 치유가 촉진되었다. 중앙 조사법고 주변조사법에 의한 창상치유효과는 통계적인 의의가 보이지 않았다. 따라서 결론적으로 S. aureus 에 감염된 창상에 직접 또는 간접적이든 pulse의 종류에 관계없이 조사하는 경우 치유효과가 나타나는 것은 정사주위 조직의 LLLI 자극효과가 염증의 확산을 억제한다고 말할수 있다.4/1$0^{\circ}C$에서는 Shoa-Nan-Tsan과 Lenkwang이 가장 높았으며 백앙벼는 3 온도 조건 모두에서 활성이 낮았다. 발아소요일수와 amylase 활성과는 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였다., 다다조, 미국의 건답직파재배 품종 등이었으며 우리 나라 육성종들은 모두 지중에서 신장이 멈추어 제1본엽이 지중에서 추출하였으며, Scm파종심에서 불완전엽이 지면을 뚫고 나오는 품종은 Chinsura Boro뿐이었고 Nato, Labelle, Weld Pally, Italliconaverneco 등도 지면 가까이 까지 신장하였다. 6. 50% 출아일수는 제2절간장을 제외 한 모든 유아 형질의 신장도와 유의한 부의 상관을 보였는데 가장 높은 상관을 보인 것은 중배축장＋제1절간장＋불완전옆장이었으며, 다음이 불완전엽장이 었다. 7. 출아율은 중배축장+제1절간장＋불완전엽장, 중배축장＋초엽 장과 모든 파종심에서 높은 정의 상관을 보여 제1본엽의 추출 위치가 높을수록

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2006

Tissue engineering techniques require the use of a porous biodegradable/bioresorbable scaffold, which server as a three-dimensional template for initial cell attachment and subsequent tissue formation in both in vitro and in vivo. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been investigated as a source of collagenous tissue with the potential to be used as biomaterials because of its inherent strength and biocompatibility. SIS-loaded poly(L-lactide-co-glicolide)(PLGA) scaffolds were prepared by solvent casting/particle leaching. Characterizations of SIS/PLGA scaffold were carried out by SEM, mercury porosimeter, and so on. Muscle-derived stem cells can be differentiated in culture into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and even myoblasts by the controlling the culture environment. Cellular viability and proliferation were assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide(MTT) test. Osteogenic differential cells were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity. SIS/PLGA scaffolds were implanted into the back of athymic nude mouse to observe the effect of SIS on the osteoinduction compared with controlled PLGA scaffolds. Thin sections were cut from paraffin embedded tissues and histological sections were conducted hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Trichrome, and von Kossa. We observed that bone formatioin of SIS/PLGA hybrid scaffold as natural/synthetic scaffold was better thean that of only PLGA scaffold. It canb be explained that SIS contains various kinds of bioactive molecules for osteoinduction.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1686-1692
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the effects of the chitosan oligosaccharide administration on the improvement of the lipid compositions, blood glucose and enzyme activities in the serum of hypercholesterolemic rats fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and blood glucose in serum were higher in the hypercholesterolemic group (group CW) and cholesterol+chitosan oligosaccharide administration group (group CCW) than those in the control group (group BW, basal diet+water). But the concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were lower in the group CCW than those in the CW, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the group CCW were higher than in the group CW. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the group CCW than in the hypercholesterolemic group CW. From the above results, it was suggested that chitosan oligosaccharide administration was effective in the prevention and improvement of the lipid level, blood glucose and enzyme activities in serum of hypercholesterolemic rats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1794-1801
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the effects of soluble collagen peptides extract supplementation on the improvement of blood glucose, lipid components and enzyme activities in the sera of streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg BW, IP injection)-induced diabetic rats fed on experimental diets for 5 weeks. The concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PL) in serum were remarkably higher in the diabetic group (group SW) and STZ (IP)+collagen peptides extract supplementation group (group SFW) than those in the control group (group CG, basal diet + water). However the concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG and PL in serum were lower in the SFW group than in the SW group, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the SFW group were higher than in the SW group. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the SFW group than in the diabetic SW group. The results shown above suggest that soluble collagen peptides extract supplementation effectively improves blood glucose, lipid compositions and enzyme activities in the sera of STZ induced diabetic rats.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.325-329
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of porphyran on enzyme activity in rats and immunity in mice. Animals were divided into 5 groups, and were given porphyran diet for 4 weeks. Porphyran was extracted from Porphyra yezoensis: Diet groups were normal diet, control diet fed high fat, cholesterol and sodium cholate, control and 1% porphyran diet (1% PD), control and 5% porphyran diet (5% PD), control and 10% of porphyran diet (10% PD). Also Balb/c female mouse were injected i.p. with porphyran extract every other day for 20 days at levels of 1%, 2% and 5%. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were lower in the porphyran diet group than those in control group. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in liver homogenates were reduced in porphyran diet group compared to those of control group. Also, the level of liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was lower in porphyran group than that of control group. Porphyran increased IL-1 production in a dose-dependent manner, however, interleukine-2 production was reduced as the amount of porphyran increases. These results showed that supplementation of porphyran lowered antioxidant enzyme activities and has possibility of modulating immunological function.