• 약학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 1975

The activity of $\delta$-aminolevlinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) in red cell of rabbit inhibited by addition of $Pb(Ac)_{2}$(50mg/kg) to rabbit caused to diminish completely the ALAD activity in blood within shr. Pretreatment of ascorbic acid and methionine decreased the increment of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid output in urine by lead poisoning.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.145-155
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• 1992

The effect of various supplies of lead singly and in combination with aluminium on growth and chlorophyll biosynthesis was investigated in 7-day-old Vigna anguluris seedlings. Expose to 50 $\mu$N Pb or more drastically reduced root elongation rate. Significant depressions in root growth was observed within 1 day and no recovery of growth was seen over the duration of treatment period. Root elongation decreased depending on the Pb concentrations. Root growth inhibition was stronger than shoot growth inhibition. The initiation of lateral roots appeared to be more sensitive to Pb than the growth of main roots. Inhibition of root and shoot elongation by Pb was lessened by combined exposure of Pb and Al, suggesting that the presence of AA reverse the inhibitory effect of Pb alone. With the histochemical sodium rhodizonate method the rate of Pb uptake was dependent on the Pb concentration and exposure time of the roots to Pb salts. Pb was first deposited on the root surface and then translocated radially in the root cap cells. During a longer Pb administration (up to 72 h) Pb penetration was nonuniform, with accumulation within the cortex or endodermis. There was drastic reduction in chlorophyll content by Pb. The Pb inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis was concentration dependent. 5-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity exhibited distinct inhibition from control. Reduction in chlorophyll content was accompanied by proportional changes in ALAD activity. Chlorophyll content and ALAD activity were less affected by combined exposure of Pb and Al, suggesting that Al has a protective effect against the inhibiting action of Pb on photosynthetic activity.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.145-155
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• 1997

The effect of various supplies of lead singly and in combination with aluminium on growth and chlorophyll biosynthesis was investigated in 7-day-old Vigna angularis seedlings. Expose to 50 uM Pb or more drastically reduced root elongation rate. Significant depressions in root growth was observed within 1 day and no recovery of growth was seen over the duration of treatment period. Root elongation decreased depending on the Pb concentrations. Root growth inhibition was stronger than shoot growth inhibition. The initiation of lateral roots appeared to be more sensitive to Pb than the growth of main roots. Inhibition of root and shoot elongation by Pb was lessened by combined exposure of Pb and Al, suggesting that the presence of Al reverse the inhibitory effect of Pb alone. With the histochemical sodium rhodizonate method the rate of Pb uptake was dependent on the Pb concentration and exposure time of the roots to Pb salts. Pb was first deposited on the root surface and then translocated radially in the root cap cells. During a longer Pb administration (up to 72 h) Pb penetration was nonuniform, with accumulation within the cortex or endodermis. There was drastic reduction in chlorophyll content by Pb. The Pb inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis was concentration dependent. $\delta-Aminolevulinic$ acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity exhibited distinct inhibition from control. Reduction in chlorophyll content was accompanied by proportional changes in ALAD activity. Chlorophyll content and ALAD activity were less affected by combined exposure of Pb and Al, suggesting that Al has a protective effect against the inhibiting action of Pb on photosynthetic activity.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.167-176
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• 1986

For the purpose of determinating the normal values of some parameters relevant to lead exposure, a study was carried out from April 1 to June 30, 1986 on 258 healthy Korean adults who have had no apparant lead exposure. The lead indices subjected to this study were as follows; blood lead (PbB), hemoglobin (Hb), zinc protoporphyrin in blood (ZPP), delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity in blood, coproporphyrin in urine (CPU), delta-aminolevulinic acid in urine (ALAU). 1) The mean value of PbB was $17.17{\pm}7.87{\mu}g/100ml$, and there was no statistically significant difference by age & sex. The distribution of PbB fitted to the log-normal distribution ($x^2=7.38$, p>0.1). 2) The mean value of Hb in male ($15.17{\pm}1.56g/100ml$) was higher than in female ($13.22{\pm}1.51g/100ml$)(p<0.01). The distribution of Hb fitted to the normal distribution ($x^2=9.40$, p>0.1). 3) The mean value of ZPP was $32.61{\pm}8.78{\mu}g/100ml$, and there was no statistically significant difference by age & sex. The distribution of ZPP fitted to the normal distribution ($x^2=13.93$, p>0.05). The correlation of ZPP & ALAD (r=-0.229), CPU (r=0.183) was statistically significant respectively. 4) The mean value of ALAD was $30.20{\pm}10.96{\mu}mol$ ALA/min/L of R.B.C., and there was no statistically significant difference by age & sex. The distribution of ALAD activity did not fit to the normal distribution. The correlation between ALAD & PbB (r=-0.219) was statistically significant 5) The mean value of CPU was $36.10{\pm}24.54{\mu}g/L$, and there was no statistically significant difference by age & sex. The distribution of CPU did not fit to the normal distribution. The correlation between CPU & PbB (r=0.185), ZPP (r=0.183) was statistically signinificant respectively. 6) The mean value of ALAU was $1.94{\pm}0.96mg/L$, and there was no statistically significant difference by age & sex. The distribution of ALAU fitted to the normal distribution ($x^2=9.76$, p>0.1).

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1986

The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), phenol and biphenyl on the body, liver and kidney weights, and the activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), and the contents of microsomal cytochrome P-450, and hematocrit, TBAvalue. PCB (200 mg/kg), phenol (200 mg/kg), biphenyl (200 mg/kg), and biphenyl (100 mg/kg) added phenol (100 mg/kg) was treated orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 days. In all treated groups, the body weights were decreased, while the weights of liver and kidney were increased in comparison with that of control group. The activity of $\delta$-ALAD was increased and hematocrit was decreased in PCB treated group, on the contrary biphenyl treated group was appeared opposite direction. The contents of microsomal cytochrome P-450 and concentration of protein were increased in all treated group. In biphenyl treated group and phenol treated group, TBA value was increased in both groups.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2001

Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 0, 0.04, 0.2, and 0.8% Pb acetate in drinking water for 13 weeks and fed a commercial diet. Dose-related adverse effects observed at the end of the Pb acetate exposure in the drinking water were as follows: decrease in body weight gain, decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit(HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), increase in serum glucose, decrease in serum testosterone, increase in lead accumulation and $\delta$-ALA release in urine, and decrease in $\delta$-ALAD activities DNA content and histopathlogy (intranuclear inclusion body in kidney proximal tubule cell). Taken together, repeated exposure of lead acetate induced toxicities in hematopoietic system, especially testis and kidney.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1994년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.190.2-190
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• 1994

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1995년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.234.1-234
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.651-657
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• 1993

납중독된 흰주에 항산화적 방어와 조혈기능에 미치는 식이 vitamin E와 Se의 상호보완에 의한 상승효과를 관찰코져 체중이 $150{\pm}5g$ 되는 Sprague-Dawley종의 흰쥐 수컷에 납을 투여하지 않은 대조군과 2000ppm의 납을 식이중에 투여하면서 vitamin E 함량과 Se의 첨가에 따라 OE(vitamin E, omg/kg diet ; Se, 0), 40E(vitamin E, 40mg/kg diet ; Se, 0), 200E(vitamin E, 200mg/kg diet ; Se, 0), 200ES(vitamin E, 200mg/kg diet ; Se, 0.5ppm), OES(vitamin E, 0mg/kg diet ; Se, 0.5ppm)군으로 나누어 4주간 사육한 후 간조직 중의 항산화적 방어효소계 활성 및 생리적 항산화물질의 함량과 과산화지질량을 측정하고 조혈기능을 관찰하였다. Hb함량과 Hct는 200ES군을 제외한 모든군이 대조군에 비해 감소되었으며 특히 0E군이 가장 낮았다. 혈액의 ALAD활성은 대조군에 비해 200ES, 200E, 0ES, 40E 및 0E군 순위로 낮았으며 간조직 중의 ALAD 활성도 비슷한 경향이었다. 뇨중 ALA의 배설은 ALAD활성과 반대의 현상이었다. 간조직 중의 SOD 활성은 40E, 200E, 200ES 등에서는 대조군보다 다소 증가되었으나 OE군에서는 감소되었다. GPX 활성은 0E, 40E군에서는 감소 되었으나 0ES, 200E 및 200ES군은 현저하게 증가되었으며 특히 200ES군은 0E, 40E의 약 4배정도 높았다. GST활성은 비슷한 경향이었다. 간조직 중의 vitamin E는 납의 투여로 대조군에 비해 감소되었으나 200E 및 200ES군에서는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 간조직 중의 GSH 함량은 대조군에 비해 0E, 40E에서 가장 낮았으며 GSSG는 그 반대의 현상이였다. 간조직 중의 지질과 산화량은 대조군에 비해 0E, 0ES, 40E, 200E군에서 각각 6.4, 23.9, 2.1, 1.3배씩 높았으나 200ES군은 차이가 없었다. 그러므로 식이 중의 항산화제의 적절한 첨가는 납중독으로 인한 과산화적 손상과 조혈저해작용을 현저하게 완화시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1718-1723
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• 2009

본 연구는 부위별 녹용 추출물이 PHZ 투여로 용혈성 빈혈을 유도한 흰쥐의 조혈작용에 대한 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 4주령의 암컷 Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐에 PHZ 10 mg/kg을 4일간 미정맥 주사하여 용혈성 빈혈을 유발한 후 각 부위별 녹용 추출물 200 mg/kg을 일주일간 경구투여 하였다. 용혈성 빈혈 유발군인 PHZ군은 hemoglobin, hematocrit치, 적혈구수가 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였고, 망상적 혈구수는 유의적으로 증가하였다. 반면, 녹용 추출물 군에서 는 hemoglobin, hematocrit치, 적혈구수가 PHZ 투여군보다 증가하였다. 특히 분골, 상대, 중대 추출물 투여 시 유의성있게 증가하였다. 상대 추출물 투여군에서는 망상적혈구수 증가가 유의적으로 억제되었다. PHZ 투여로 증가된 혈청 EPO 함량은 녹용 추출물 투여군에서 모두 정상적으로 회복 되었다. Hemoglobin 합성에 관여하는 $\delta$-ALAD 활성은 녹용 추출물 투여군에서 활성이 증가되는 결과를 보여주었다. 따라서 녹용 추출물은 PHZ으로 유도한 용혈성 빈혈에 대한 바람직한 조혈효과가 있는 기능성 물질로 사료된다.