• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.715-718
• /
• 2001

본 연구에서는 생분해성 제초제, 살충제, 광역학적 치료제로 이용되는 ALA의 대량 생산과 온라인 모니터링을 위하여 형질전환된 E. coli 시스템을 개발하고, ALA의 생산량에 영향을 미치는 배지, 온도 등의 배양조건을 살펴보았다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
• /
• pp.295-296
• /
• 2000

Effect of light intensity on ALA production was, investigated. The culture condition and medium optimization were also examined for the biosynthesis of ALA using Rhodobacter sphaeroides, non-sulfur bacteria, and investigated for enhancement of the production of ALA. In the dark condition, extracellular ALA formation and cell growth were not observed. Optimum light intensity for cell growth and ALA production were 4 kLux and 5 kLux, respectively.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.261-265
• /
• 1993

된장의 맛성분에 크게 기여할 것으로 보이는 펩타이드의 분리를 통해 된장의 수용도를 높이는 자료를 제공하고자 개량식 제조 된장에서 펩타이드의 특성을 연구한 결과 ,된장 숙성중에 단백질의 분해로 생성되는 pe-ptide는 숙성에 따라 그 길이가 짧아져 A.p.L.(average peptide length)는 숙성 0일에 102에서 10일에는 15로 급격히 줄었고 20일에 7.9, 숙성 60일에는 4.9.E, 180일에는 4.1로 나타났다. HPLC로 분리한 펩타이드는 숙성 60일과 180일 분획이 거의 비슷하여 저분자량의 펩타이드는 숙성에 따른 변화가 크지 않음을 알 수 있었고 확인된 저분자량의 펩타이드는 Gly-Glu, Ala-Ser, Glu-ser, Asp-Tyr, Asp-Glu, Glu-Ser-Ala, Asp-Ala-Ser, Ala-ser-Glu, Ala-Lys-Met이었다. 180일 숙성시킨 시료에서 쓴맛 펩타이드의 특성을 알아보기 위해 chloroform-me-thanol에 추출한 '용매추출 분획1'을 겔 크로마토그라피 한 결과 세개의 피크로 나뉘어 졌는데 fraction I과 ll는 쓴맛을 나타내었고 이들의 아마노산 조성은 각각 Glu-(Asp, Pro, Val, lie or Leu)-Met와 Pro-(Glu, Val, Phe)-lie or Leu인 것으로 나타났다. Chloroform-methanol 불용성인 잔사를 물에 녹인 뒤 분자량 1200이하의 것을 투석시켜 얻은 '용매추출 분획2'는 겔크로마토그칵피 결과 다섯개의 피크로 나뉘어 졌고 여기서 쓴맛을 내는 fraction IV, V, Vl의 아미노산 조성은 각각 Glu-(Asp, Ala, Tyr, Leu or lie)-Phe와 hia-(Met, Glu, Ala, Pro)-lie or Leu와 Asp-(Phe, Ser, Gly)-Val이었다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.171-174
• /
• 2006

형광을 이용한 암 진단을 위해 배양된 정상 및 암세포주에 광민감제인 5-ALA를 투여하고 세포 내 외에서 생성된 Protoporphyrin IX(PpIX)의 형광을 측정하여 5-ALA 투여의 최적농도를 조사하였다. 정상 간세포주(Chang) 및 자궁경부암 세포주(HeLa)에 5-ALA를 농도별로 투여하여 ALA에 의해 유도된 PpIX의 생성을 확인하고, MTT assay로 세포생존율을 측정하였다. 배양된 cell에 5-ALA를 투여한 후 24시간 동안 배양함으로써 생성되는 PpIX의 양은 형광의 강도로 측정하였다. HeLa 세포주에 대한 5-ALA의 최적농도는 $50{\mu}g/ml$이며, 이 때의 형광(emission) 스펙트럼은 여기 파장이 410 nm일 때 602.3 nm, 659.9 nm에서 형광 봉우리가 관찰되었다. PpIX의 형광 강도를 측정한 결과, PpIX는 정상세포에서는 낮은 농도로 축적이 되는 반면에 암세포에서 더 높은 농도로 축적되었으며, 세포 외보다는 세포 내에서 더 높은 농도로 축적됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.1579-1584
• /
• 2007

5-Aminolevulinate (ALA) synthase (E.C. 2.3.1.37), which mediates the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent condensation of glycine and succinyl-CoA, encoded by the Rhodobacter sphaeroides hemA gene, enables Escherichia coli strains to produce ALA at a low level. To study the effect of the enhanced C4 metabolism of E. coli on ALA biosynthesis, NADP-dependent malic enzyme (maeB, E.C. 1.1.1.40) was coexpressed with ALA synthase in E. coli. The concentration of ALA was two times greater in cells coexpressing maeB and hemA than in cells expressing hemA alone under anaerobic conditions with medium containing glucose and glycine. Enhanced ALA synthase activity via coupled expression of hemA and maeB may lead to metabolic engineering of E. coli capable of large-scale ALA production.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2003

Herbicidal activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid(ALA), an intermediate for the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll, heme, bacteriochlorophyll, and vitamin $\textrm{B}_{12}$ analogues, was examined to determine the variation in phytotoxic potential against different plant species as affected by different application methods. Seed-soaking treatment, ALA at low concentrations did not affect shoot and root lengths of test plants while at highest concentration reduced them by 20 to 30%. Alfalfa showed the most tolerant response to ALA in both pre- and post-emergence application, and followed by rice. When applied with pre-emergence, cotyledons of Chinese cabbage were severely bleached with 0.5 mM of ALA at 24 hrs after application, and root growth of rice, barnyard grass, and alfalfa was significantly inhibited with increasing of concentration. With post-emergence application, ALA at 2 to 4 mM reduced shoot and root growths of Chinese cabbage and barnyard grass completely. Herbicidal effects of ALA were more enhanced in the treatment combined with 2,2-dipyridyl sthan single application in barnyard grass and Chinese cabbage. The results suggest that alfalfa was the most tolerant to ALA among the tested plants, and that post-emergence application of ALA exhibited greatest photodynamic activity against tested plants.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.440-450
• /
• 1994

Due to the limited bioavailability of $[D-Ala^6]$LHRH from nonparenteral transmucosal sites of administration, enhancement of mucosal permeability by coadministration of several protease inhibitors and/or penetration enhancers were studied in rabbit mucosa. As a reliable bioassay method for $[D-Ala^6]$LHRH, ovulation-inducing effect were measured after vaginal administration in the rat. The permeation of $[D-Ala^6]$LHRH through the mucosal membrane of rabbit mounted on George-Grass diffusion cells were examined in the presence of polyoxyethylene 9-lauryl ether (POE), ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin$({\beta}-CyD)$ or ethylene diamine tetra acetate disodium salt(EDTA). The vaginal membrane showed higher permeability of $[D-Ala^6]$LHRH than the rectal and nasal membrane. POE and ${\beta}-CyD$ showed a small promoting effect on the membrane permeation of $[D-Ala^6]$LHRH, but EDTA showed significant enhancement. Ovaluation was enhanced by the coadministration of sodium laurate(0.5%), a protease inhibitor but was not enhanced by EDTA, a penetration enhancer. On the other hands, coadministration of sodium tauro 24,25 dihydrofusidate(1%) and EDTA(2%) enhanced the ovulation inducing-effect 2.8 times. These results suggest that the vaginal administration of $[D-Ala^6]$LHRH with STDHF or sodium laurate as a protease inhibitor, and EDTA as a penetration enhancer, may become an elective method for transmucosal delivery of $[D-Ala^6]$ LHRH.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.394-400
• /
• 2013

A total of 192 broiler chicks were used to evaluate the influence of dietary ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid (ALA) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens with the purpose of developing a strategy to prevent the occurrence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat and to improve the meat quality of broilers. At 22 d of age, birds were allocated to 4 ALA treatments (0, 400, 800, and 1200 ppm). The results showed that dietary ALA significantly decreased average feed intake (AFI), average daily gain (ADG), final live body weight (BW) and carcass weight (p<0.05), while no difference in feed conversion ratio (FCR) was detected among chickens fed with and without ALA. Abdominal fat weight significantly decreased (p<0.05) for broilers fed 800 and 1200 ppm ALA. However when calculated as the percentage of carcass weight there was no significant difference between control and ALA treatments. Meat quality measurements showed that dietary ALA regulated postmortem glycolysis and improved meat quality as evidenced by increased muscle pH and decreased drip loss of meat (p<0.05). Although ALA did not change the tenderness of meat as indicated by meat shear force, dietary ALA decreased collagen content and mRNA expression of COL3A1 gene (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that dietary ALA may contribute to the improvement of meat quality in broilers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.2271-2275
• /
• 2016

Background: The value of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in fluorescence detection of peritoneal metastases and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated in patients with peritoneal surface malignancies. Materials and Methods: Oral 5-ALA was administered at a concentration of 20 mg/kg body weight with 50 ml of water 2 hours prior to surgery (n=115). The diagnostic value of 5-ALA based fluorescence production was evaluated following white light inspection during prior to cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Then, peptide transporter PEPT1 (ALA influx transporter) and ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (porphyrin efflux transporter) gene expression was determined with quantitative real time (qRT)-PCR and pathological diagnoses confirmed for all tissue samples. Results: The 5-ALA based photodynamic detection rate was 17% for appendiceal mucinous neoplasms, 54% for colorectal cancers, 33% for gastric cancers, 67% for diffuse malign peritoneal mesotheliomas, and 89% for epithelial ovarian cancer of peritoneal metastases. 5-ALA was detected in all cases of peritoneal metastases originating from cholangiocarcinomas whereas it was not able to detect any in granulosa cell and gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases. Furthermore, PEPT1 was overexpressed whereas ABCG2 expression was downregulated in tumors detected with fluorescence. Conclusions: 5-ALA provided 100% specificity and high sensitivity to detect peritoneal metastases in subgroups of patients with peritoneal surface mailgnancies. ALA influx transporter PEPT1 and porphyrin efflux transporter ABCG2 genes are important in tumor specific 5-ALA induced fluorescence in vivo. Further studies should clarify diagnostic utility of 5-ALA in peritoneal surface malignancies.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.451-457
• /
• 2011

Purpose: As a central feature of the face, the nose has considerable significance in appearance and expression. Reconstruction of full thickness defects of the nasal ala has always been a challenge because of the 3-dimensional structure. For reconstruction of post burn defects of ala, skin graft, local or pedicled flap and composite graft are optionally available. We have reconstructed the ala defects using adiposocutaneous graft and observed the outcome. Methods: From March 2003 to December 2010, 19 cases in 11 patients with scar contracture and defect on ala portion were performed operation using adiposocutaneous graft. As a donor site, we used the inguinal crease and posterior auricular area and the donor site was primarily closed. We made incision through the superior rim of ala and released fully. A graft is applied to recipient site with larger size than recipient volume. Results: The mean age of the patient was 38.6 years (16~51), males are seven patients and females are four patients. The operation was performed bilaterally in 5 patients and unilaterally in 6 patients. Composite grafts were harvested from inguinal area in 13 cases and posterior auricular area in 6 cases. In one case, we did 4 times of operation to get enough volume. All the grafts were well taken. The mean size of the graft was 3.63 $cm^2$. Conclusion: For reconstruction of post burn defects of ala, it's not easy to use local flap or pedicled flap because of hardness and fibrosis of surrounding tissue. So, we choose adiposocutaneous graft for ala deformity reconstruction, got satisfactory outcome in color matching and texture.