• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.377-383
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hyperglycemia-induced hepatic damage has been recognized as one of the major cause of complications in diabetes. Hepatic complications are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetes. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that gamma-tocopherol (GT) supplementation ameliorates NLRP3 inflammasome associated hepatic inflammation in diabetes. MATERIALS/METHODS: Diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg. BW) in ICR mice. All mice were fed with a control diet (AIN-76A). After diabetes was induced (fasting glucose level ${\geq}250mg/dL$), the mice were treated with tocopherol-stripped corn oil or GT-supplemented (35 mg/kg) corn oil, respectively, by gavage for 2 weeks. RESULTS: GT supplementation reduced fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice relative to non-treated diabetic mice. Moreover, GT supplementation ameliorated hyperglycemia-induced hepatic damage by regulation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-inflammasome associated inflammation represented by NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain, caspase-1, nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ pathway as well as oxidative stress demonstrated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1, catalase and glutathione-dependent peroxidase in diabetic mice. CONCLUSION: The findings suggested that GT supplementation ameliorated hepatic damage by attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Taken together, GT could be a beneficial nutrient that can ameliorate inflammatory responses associated with NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperglycemia-induced hepatic damage.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.962-969
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• 2005

7주령의 F1B golden Syrian 햄스터에게 동맥경화 유발식이에 녹차추출물, 메밀추출물 및 포도잎 추출물을 함유한 타블렛 제품을 각각 5%와 10%로 첨가하여 7주간 사육하였을 때 햄스터 체내의 지질성분과 대동맥 내에서의 지방의 축적 정도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실험 결과 녹차, 메밀, 포도잎 추출물을 함유한 타블렛 제품은 동맥경화유발식이를 섭취하는 햄스터의 혈중 중성지방과 총콜레스테롤치를 감소시켰고, 대동맥궁내에서의 지방의 축적을 예방하였고, 간장내 중성지방과 총콜레스테롤치를 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 5%를 첨가한 군보다 10%를 첨가한 군에서 더 높은 효과를 나타내어 농도 의존적인 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 녹차, 메밀 및 포도잎 추출물 분말을 이용하여 식이 보조제의 형태로 개발한 타블렛 제품이 동맥경화를 예방하는 식품으로써 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2011

Recently, we have demonstrated that green tea extract (GTE) decreases the intestinal absorption of benzo[a]pyrene (BAP), which is an extremely lipophilic food contaminant. The present study was conducted to examine if an enteral infusion of GTE would influence the biliary secretion of BAP and lipids in rats. Female rats were fed an AIN-93G diet with or without (control) GTE at 5 g/kg diet for 4 week. Following the 4-week dietary treatment, rats with bile duct cannula were infused continuously for 8 hr at 3.0 mL/hr via a duodenal catheter with a lipid emulsion containing $4.0\;{\mu}mol$ BAP labeled with $^{14}C$ ($^{14}C$-BAP), $20.7\;{\mu}mol$ cholesterol, $452\;{\mu}mol$ triolein, and $3.1\;{\mu}mol$ ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, and $396.0\;{\mu}mol$ Na-taurocholate with or without 76.1 mg GTE powder in PBS buffer (pH, 6.4). Bile was collected hourly via bile cannula for an 8 hr period. Our results showed that bile flow did not differ between groups. However, the biliary secretion of $^{14}C$-BAP was significantly enhanced by GTE infusion, compared with those infused with the lipid emulsion alone. However, GTE did not affect the biliary outputs of cholesterol, fat, phospholipid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. These findings indicate that GTE has a profound stimulatory effect on the biliary excretion of BAP in rats, without affecting other biliary lipids. The mechanism(s) by which GTE enhances the biliary secretion of BAP remains to be investigated.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.703-711
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of butanol(BuOH) fraction of Polygonatum odoratum with selenium tr-eatment on blood glucose levels and lipid peroxidations in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetric rats. Male Sprague-Dawly rats weighing(180-200g) were divided into five groups : normal STZ-control and three expreimental groups(P, odoratum group P, odo-Se group and Se group) Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection STZ in the tail vein at the dose of 45mg/kg B.W The BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum(500mg/kg. B,W) given orally administered for 14 days. The Se treated group were fed a AIN-76 recommendation diet mixed with Na2Seo3(2mg/kg diet). Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. the plasma glucose levels of the P. odo-Se group were significantly lower than the other experimental groups. The plasma cholesterol levels were higher in STZ-control and Se groups compared toP.odoratum and P. odo-Se groups and HDL-cholesterol levels were increased in the diabetic experimental groups fed on BuOH fraction of P. odoratum with Se supplementation. The liver and muscle glycogen levels were not significantly differ among all groups. The plasma free fatty acid levels were lower in diabetic experimental groups fed on BuOh fraction of P. odoratum or Se sup-plementation than STZ-control and Se groups. Diabetics rats showed the higher levels of triglyceride in plasma andlower levels in liver compared with the normal group. Supplementation with Se decreased significantly the liver triglyceride level. The MDA levels in liver and kidney were significantly reduced in all the experimental groups. In conclusion administration of BuOH fraction of Polygonatuum odoratum with selenium supplementation reduced blood glucose levels and peroxdative tissue damage in STZ induced diabetic rats showing the possibility of preventiave and therapeutic use of the wild edible plant to the diabetes mellitus.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2007

The present study evaluated the effect of various dosages of soybean isoflavone extract on body weight changes, glucose tolerance and liver function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. One group of normal rats (normal control) was fed an AIN-76-based experimental diet and four groups of diabetic rats were fed the same diet supplemented with four different levels of soybean isoflavone extract for seven weeks. The daily dosages of pure isoflavone for four diabetic groups were set to be 0 mg (diabetic control), 0.5 mg (ISO-I), 3.0 mg (ISO-II) and 30.0 mg (ISO-III) per kilogram of body weight, respectively. The daily consumption of isoflavone at the level of 3.0mg per kilogram of body weight resulted in the suppression of body weight loss and increased the survival rate of diabetic animals one and half times compared to that of the diabetic control group. Blood glucose levels in a fasting state and after the oral administration of glucose were significantly lower in the ISO-II group during the oral glucose tolerance test. The ISO-II group showed a tendency to elongate the gastrointestinal transit time. The activity of serum aminotransferases, indicator of liver function, was not negatively affected by any intake level of isoflavone. The present study demonstrated that the soybean isoflavone extract may be beneficial to diabetic animals by improving their glucose tolerance and suppressing weight loss without incurring hepatotoxicity at the daily dosage of 3.0 mg per kg of body weight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1385-1393
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• 1998

The hypoglycemic effects of butanol(BuOH) fraction of Polygonatum odoratum with vitamin E in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-230g were devided into five groups, and four groups induced diabetes mellitus by the STZ injection(45mg/kg b.w.) into the tail vein : Normal, diabetic-control, and three diabetic experimental groups(p. odoratum group, P. od-vit. E group and Vit. E group). All groups were fed on a AIN-76 diet, and the experimental groups were orally administered with the BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum(500mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin E(10mg/kg b.w.) for 14 days. The body weight, diet intake and organ weights were monitored. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were analyzed. The levels of glycogen in liver and muscle, cholesterol in liver were determined. The malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in liver, kidney and lung were assayed. The body weight loss was seen in P. odoratum group, P. od-vit. E group, Vit. E group and diabetic control group, while the loss in P. odoratum group was much less than that in the diabetic control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lowered in P. odoratum group compared to diabetic control group. The plasma insulin levels were noticeably higher in P. odoratum and Vit. E groups. The rats in P. odoratum and P. od-vit. E group showed higher liver glycogen levels than in the diabetic control group. The MDA levels in liver, kidney and lung were also significantly reduced in P. od-vit. E and Vit. E groups compared to the diabetic control group. The results suggest that the administration of BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum along with vitamin E reduced blood glucose levels and peroxidative tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats, showing the possibility of preventive and therapeutic use of the wild edible plant to the diabetes mellitus. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1385-1393, 1998)

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2006

To investigate the effects of the supplementation of Stevia. Rebaudian Bertoni on serum and hepatic lipid levels and enzyme activities in rat administered with ethanol chronically. Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet(C, control), a control diet plus ethanol(E, 4g/kg bw), E plus stevia extract-1(ES1, 1ml/kg bw), or E plus stevia extract-2(ES2, 2ml/kg bw) for 7 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the E group and were decreased in the ES 1 group. Liver triglyceride levels were decreased significantly in the ES2 groups and Total-cholesterol were decreased in the ES1, ES2 groups compared with the E group. Liver $\gamma-GTP$ levels were decreased significantly in the ES1, ES2 groups compared with the E group. In addition, we have evaluated the serum or liver carnitine levels in those groups. Liver TCNE levels were increased significantly in the ES1, ES2 compared with the E group. These results may suggest that supplementation of Stevia. Rebaudian Bertoni has effects on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 1999

The present study was conducted to investigate te effect of sea tangle and hypoglycemic agent(Metformin) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants levels in normal and diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed AIN-76 based experimental diets containing 5% (w/w) cellulose or 15%(w/w) sea tangle for 3 weeks, and then rats of diabetic groups were rendered diabetic by intramuscular injection of streptozotocin(STZ, 45mg/kg BW). After induction of diabetes Metformin(350mg/kg BW) was given once a day using a feeding tube for 5 days. Blood glucose level in diabetic rats fed sea tangle was significantly lower than that of diabetic rats fed cellulose. Metformin feeding resulted in further lowering blood glucose. Plasma and liver microsomal levels of lipid peroxides were increased significantly in diabetic rats as compared to normal rats, and the plasma level tended to be decreased by sea tangle feeding. Plasma level of retinol was reduced by STZ treatment, but it was increased by Metformin feeding in diabetic rats fed sea tangle. The liver contents of retinyl plamitate were reduced in diabetic rats but recovered by sea tangle feeding to some extent. Liver contents of total vitamin A were increased significantly by sea tangle in diabetic rats. Although difference in either plasma or liver level of $\alpha$-tocopherol by diet and STZ treatment was not significant, $\alpha$-tocopherol levels were the highest in the group with simultaneous feeding of sea tangle and metformin. Liver contents of zinc and copper were not influenced by either STZ treatment or sea tangle feeding. The present study indicates that the lowering blood glucose level could be attained by simultaneous trial of sea tangle diet and hypoglycemic agent and the increased oxidative stress caused by STZz treatment could be relieved by sea tangle feeding.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2006

This study was aimed at investigating hepatic toxicity and immunomodulating effects of defatted methanol extracts of two kinds of medicinal plants, Rubus coreanus Miq. and Atractylodes japonica Koidz. in mice. Defatted methanol extracts of fruits of Rubus coreanus Miq. and rhizome of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. were added at the level of 0.5% or 5%(w/w) to cholesterol-supplemented AIN-76 diet. Each diet was fed to 8 ICR male mice for 30 days. Weight gain and food efficiency ratio of the mice fed 5.0% extract of Rubus coreanus Miq. were significantly lower than those of the mice fed 0.5% extract Relative liver weight and activity of plasma alanine aminotransfernse were significantly increased only in the mice fed 5% extract of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. compared with the others. Splenocyte proliferation was not significantly different between the groups fed 0.5% or 5.0% extract of Rubus coreanus Miq. However, splenocyte proliferation was significantly decreased in the mice fed 5.0% extract of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. compared with that in the mice fed 0.5% Production of interleukin-2 by splenocytes from the mice fed 0.5% extract of Atractylodes japonica Miq. was significantly higher than the control value and it became lower with 5.0% dietary level. Secretion of $interferon-\gamma$ was not significantly different among groups. In conclusion, the defatted methanol extract of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. was likely to exert immunomodulating effect at the level of 0.5% but it may exert adverse effects on immune and liver functions at the level of 5.0%.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of plums produced in Gimcheon area on the glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic control, Diabetes-low plum (containing 10% plum powder), and Diabetes-high plum (containing 20% plum powder). The animals were fed isocaloric experimental diets based on an AIN-76 diet for 6 weeks. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) of the diabetic groups were significantly lower than that of the control. On the other hand, among the diabetic groups, the FER of the high plum intake group was higher than that of the diabetic control. The liver weight per 100 g body weight of each group was similar but the liver weights tended to decrease as the amount of plum intake was increased. Kidney weight per 100 g body weight of the plum intake groups were significantly different compared to that of the diabetic control. The supplementation of plums lowered the fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic groups and improved the glucose tolerance, thereby lowering the glycosylated hemoglobin index. In addition, the supplementation of plum was lowered the blood total cholesterol concentration and increased the HDL-C/TC (%) significantly, thereby lowering the atherosclerotic index (AI) and hepatic peroxide level. A steady diet of plums produced in Gimcheon may be effective in controlling the blood glucose level and preventing chronic diabetes mellitus.