• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 1996년도 제17차 정기총회 및 학술발표회 진행표 및 발표논문 초록
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• pp.18-18
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• 1996

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2016

Breast cancer, the second cause of cancer-related death after lung cancer and the most common cancer in women after skin cancer, is curable if detected in early stages of clinical presentation. Knowledge as to any age cut-off points which might have significance for prognostic groups is important in screening and treatment planning. Therefore, determining a change-point could improve resource allocation. This study aimed to determine if a change point for survival might exist in the age of breast cancer diagnosis. This study included 568 cases of breast cancer that were registered in Breast Cancer Research Center, Tehran, Iran, during the period 1986-2006 and were followed up to 2012. In the presence of curable cases of breast cancer, a change point in the age of breast cancer diagnosis was estimated using a mixture survival cure model. The data were analyzed using SPSS (versions 20) and R (version 2.15.0) software. The results revealed that a change point in the age of breast cancer diagnosis was at 50 years age. Based on our estimation, 35% of the patients diagnosed with breast cancer at age less than or equal to 50 years of age were cured while the figure was 57% for those diagnosed after 50 years of age. Those in the older age group had better survival compared to their younger counterparts during 12 years of follow up. Our results suggest that it is better to estimate change points in age for cancers which are curable in early stages using survival cure models, and that the cure rate would increase with timely screening for breast cancer.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

Purpose: This study assessed the accuracy of age estimates produced by a regression equation derived from lower third molar development in a Thai population. Materials and Methods: The first part of this study relied on measurements taken from panoramic radiographs of 614 Thai patients aged from 9 to 20. The stage of lower left and right third molar development was observed in each radiograph and a modified Gat score was assigned. Linear regression on this data produced the following equation: Y=9.309+1.673 mG+0.303S (Y=age; mG=modified Gat score; S=sex). In the second part of this study, the predictive accuracy of this equation was evaluated using data from a second set of panoramic radiographs (539 Thai subjects, 9 to 24 years old). Each subject's age was estimated using the above equation and compared against age calculated from a provided date of birth. Estimated and known age data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and descriptive statistics. Results: Ages estimated from lower left and lower right third molar development stage were significantly correlated with the known ages (r=0.818, 0.808, respectively, $P{\leq}0.01$). 50% of age estimates in the second part of the study fell within a range of error of ${\pm}1year$, while 75% fell within a range of error of ${\pm}2years$. The study found that the equation tends to estimate age accurately when individuals are 9 to 20 years of age. Conclusion: The equation can be used for age estimation for Thai populations when the individuals are 9 to 20 years of age.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify differences of BMI, pain, depression, self-esteem and self-efficacy between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Method: The study subjects were 135 persons having chronic arthritis at rheumatology clinic and the department of orthopedic surgery of the C university hospital in D city. The data were collected from February 19th to April 7th, 2003. The data analysis consisted of $X^{2}-test$, t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSSWIN 10.0 program. Result: 1. There were significant differences in age(p=0.000), occupation(p=0.015), marriage(p=0.028), duration of illness(p=0.000), BMI(p=0.006) and Self-efficacy(p=0.017) between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. 2. In rheumatoid arthritis, the BMI and self-esteem(r=-0.239, p=0.05) were significantly correlated and also pain and self-esteem(r=-0.402, p=0.01), pain and self-efficacy(r=-0.455, p=0.01) were significantly negatively correlated. The self-esteem and depression(r=-0.622, p=0.01), self-efficacy and depression(r=-0.729, p=0.01) were significantly negatively correlated and also pain and depression(r=0.432, p=0.01), self-esteem and self-efficacy(r=-0.476, p=0.01) were significantly positively correlated. In osteoarthritis, the pain and self-esteem(r=-0.225, p=0.01) were significantly negatively correlated and also pain and self-efficacy(r=-0.493, p=0.01), self-esteem and depression(r=-0.692, p=0.01), self-efficacy and depression(r=-0.566, p=0.01) were significantly negatively correlated. The pain and depression(r=0.290, p=0.05), self-esteem and self-efficacy(r=0.383, p=0.01) were significantly positively correlated. 3. The factors influenced by the self-efficacy, the depression and age in rheumatoid arthritis explained 56.2%, the depression and pain in osteoarthritis explained 43.9%. The factors influenced by the BMI, the self-esteem in rheumatoid arthritis explained 5.7%, but there was no significantly variable in osteoarthritis. Conclusion: The results support the importance of different nursing intervention focused on BMI and self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. There is a need for further studies to identify relation of variables in different diseases related to arthritis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2002

Objectives: Recently, recombinant FSH (rFSH) has been manufactured using a Chinese hamster ovary cell line transfected with the gene encoding human FSH. Both rFSH and urinary gonadotropin (uFSH) could be used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). However, uFSH implies a number of disadvantages, such as batch-to-batch inconsistency, no absolute source control, dependence on large amounts of urine, low specific activity, and low purity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rFSH in human IVF-ET program. Materials and Methods: A total of 508 infertile women was enrolled in this study. They are classified into rFSH group (n=177) or uFSH group (n=331), and all of them were matched by age and cause of infertility in same period. The $Puregon^{(R)}$ (Organon, Holland) was used as rFSH, and the Metrodin-$HP^{(R)}$ (Serono, Switzeland) and $Humegon^{(R)}$ (Organon, Holland) was used as uFSH. We subdivided the patients into three age groups. The outcomes of IVF-ET program were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results: There was no significant differences in the level of estradiol on hCG injection day, the numbers of retrieved oocytes, matured oocytes, fertilized oocytes, transferred embryos, frozen embryos between the two groups. The total dose (IU) of gonadotropin for COH was significantly lower in the rFSH group compared to uFSH group ($1339{\pm}5491.1$ vs $2527.8{\pm}1075.2$ IU, p<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer in the rFSH group showed increasing tendency, compared to the uFSH group, but there was no statistical significance (35.2% vs 29.3%). Our results demonstrated that the relative efficiency of rFSH compared with uFSH is higher in older patients. Conclusions: The ovarian stimulatory effect and clinical outcome of recombinant FSH was similar to that of the urinary gonadotropin. The IVF-ET cycles with significantly lower dose of gonadotropin in rFSH group showed comparable results. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant FSH is more potent and effective than urinary gonadotropin.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To date, sodium intake has been evaluated based on spot urine instead of 24-hour (hr) urine collection. Nevertheless, the optimal method for assessing daily sodium intake remains unclear. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fifteen male (age 32.7 ± 6.5 years) participants were offered 3 meals with a total of 9-10 g salt over 24 hours, and 24-hr urine was collected from the second-void urine of the first day to the first-void urine of the second day. Twenty-four-hr urinary sodium (24UNa) was estimated using Tanaka's equation and the Korean formula, and spot urine Na, potassium (K), chloride (Cl), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (Cr), specific gravity (SG) and osmolality (Osm) were measured. The ratios of urinary Na to other parameters were calculated, and correlations with total measured 24UNa were identified. RESULTS: Average 24-hr urine volume was 1,403 ± 475 mL, and measured 24UNa was 143.9 ± 42.1 mEq (range, 87.1-239.4 mEq). Measured 24UNa was significantly correlated with urinary Na/UN (r = 0.560, P < 0.01), urinary Na/Osm (r = 0.510, P < 0.01), urinary Na/Cr (r = 0.392, P < 0.01), urinary Na/K (r = 0.290, P < 0.01), 24UNa estimated using Tanaka's equation (r = 0.452, P < 0.01) and the Korean formula (r = 0.414, P < 0.01), age (r = 0.548, P < 0.01), weight (r = 0.497, P < 0.01), and height (r = 0.393, P < 0.01) in all spot urine samples. Estimated 24UNa based on the second-void spot urine of the first day tended to be more closely correlated with measured 24UNa than were estimates from the other spot urine samples. The significant parameters correlated with the second-void urine of the first day were urinary Na/K (r = 0.647, P < 0.01), urinary Na/Cr (r = 0.558, P < 0.05), and estimated 24UNa using Tanaka's equation (r = 0.616, P < 0.05) and the Korean formula (r = 0.588, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Second-void urine is more reliable than first-void urine for estimating 24UNa. Urinary Na/K in the second-void urine on the first day is significantly correlated with 24UNa. Further studies are needed to establish the most reliable index and the optimal time of urine sampling for predicting 24UNa.

• 천문학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-36
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• 1988

The temperature calibration of stars by photometric parameters and spectral type is discussed, using the catalogue data of Cayrel de Strobel et al. (1985) and Morel et al. (1976). The H-R diagrams and the mass-luminosity relation of stars in this catalogue are presented in the [log(L/M)-log $T_e$]-and [$M_{bol}$-log(L/M)]-planes, respectively, discussing the age of main sequence (MS) stars and giant stars. The age-metallicity relation of the nearby stars suggests the initial rapid enrichment of metal abundance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.519-525
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• 1992

The haematological profiles of camel calves of either sex were monitored at monthly intervals between 1-12 months of age. RBC, Hb and PCV increased with age for several months, with corresponding increases in MCH and MCHC, and a relative reduction in MCV. WBC and lymphocyte counts were highest at the age of 1 month, fell progressively during the following 6 months, and stabilized thereafter. Neutrophils were also highest at the age of one month and decreased slowly with advancing age. Eosinophils, monocytes and basophils fluctuated only from month to month. Age effect was significant for WBC, lymphocytes and neutrophils, and all the erythrocytic parameters, except MCV. Sex effect was significant for Hb and eosinophils.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.94-97
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• 2006

Timber stand age information of timber in industrialized plantation forest is generally collected by field surveying which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and very costly. It is also inconsistent in analyses perspective. As an alternative, The objective of this research is to present a practical solution for estimating timber age of loblolly pine plantation using Landsat thematic mapper (TM) images, shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM), and national elevation dataset (NED). A multivariate regression model was developed based upon satellite image-based information (i.e.normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), tasseled cap (TC) transformation, and derived tree heights). A residual studentized technique was applied to remove potential outliers. After that, a refined age estimation model with a correlation coefficient R-square of 84.6% was obtained. Finally, the feasibility test of estimated model was performed by comparing estimated and measured stand ages of timber plantations using test datasets of plantation stands (2,032 stands). The result shows that the proposed method of this study can estimate loblolly pine stand age within an error of $2{\sim}3$ years in an effective and consistent way in terms of time and cost.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.466-478
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• 2003

This study was to evaluate the body composition and bone mineral density according to aging in adult and investigated the relationship between various parameters such as body mass index(BMI), bone mineral density(BMD), bone mineral content(BMC), lean body mass(LBM), fat mass(FM) and the value obtained from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). The subjects were composed of healthy adult male and female who were $20^{\sim}73$ years old and they were divided three group according to age (A group : 20-39 yrs., B group : 40-59 yrs., C group : more than 60 yrs.). The conclusion derived from statistical analysis was as follows : 1. Bone mineral content and density were significantly affected by lean body mass(relatively, R=0.85 - 0.63). 2. There was significant difference among age groups in total bone mineral density. 3. There was significant difference among age groups in bone mineral content of male and female. 4. Lean body mass is diminished according to age, but there was not significant difference among age groups. 5. Fat mass of A group in male had the highest mass and followed by C group and B group. In female groups, fat mass of A group had the highest mass and followed by B group and C group. Abdominal fat mass is increased according to age. This result suggest that aging was closely relation with loss of muscle mass, bone mineral density and bone mineral content.