• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1101-1106
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• 2012

Market fresh makgeolli was stored at different temperatures of $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ to assess the change of the microbial diversity according to the storage temperature and period. Yeast counts increased until day 3 of storage and decreased thereafter. General and lactic acid bacterial counts continuously increased during storage. The data indicated that the control of growth of microorganisms, particularly general bacteria and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), is essential. Total acid levels started to decrease in the makgeolli stored at $4^{\circ}C$, and increased from day 6 of storage in the makgeolli stored at $25^{\circ}C$. The increase of total acid in the non-refrigerated condition greatly affected the quality of makgeolli. In both the fresh makgeolli samples stored at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and molds (Aspergillus tubingensis, Candida glaebosa, and Aspergillus niger) were noted. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) band patterns were almost constant regardless of the storage period. As for bacteria, Lactobacillus crustorum, L. brevis, and Microlaena stipoides were found in the makgeolli stored at $4^{\circ}C$, and L. crustorum, Lactobacillus sp., L. plantarum, L. brevis, L. rhamnosus, and L. similis were found in the makgeolli stored at $25^{\circ}C$. In particular, in the makgeolli stored at $25^{\circ}C$, L. crustorum and L. plantarum presented dark bands and were identified as the primary microorganisms that affected spoilage of fresh makgeolli.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2005

Objectives: This study was designed to assess traditional Korean medical therapy for urticaria and establish a clinical assessment guideline. Methods: Duration of symptoms, personal and family history of allergic diseases, serum IgE level, suspected causes and Provocation factors were investigated in 56 patients. Frequency of wheals, duration of wheals, number of wheals, itch severity and antihistamine counts on a 6-point (0-5) scale were assessed in 34 patients. The change of total scores and each criterion between baseline and follow up were analyzed using paired t-test (p<0.05). Results: 1. Acute urticaria within 6 weeks was $26.8\%$ and chronic urticaria over 6 weeks was $73.2\%$. The mean duration of symptoms was $19.2\pm38.8$ months. 2. $57.1\%$ of patients had a personal history of allergic diseases and $50\%$had a family history. $29.1\%$ had over 200 IU/mL serum IgE level. 3. The suspected causes were none $(39.3\%)$, foods $(32.1\%)$, drugs $(12.5\%)$, contact $(5.4\%)$ and maternity$(5.4\%)$. 4. The suspected provocation factors were foods $(41.1\%)$, none $(26.8\%)$, fatigue $(12.5\%)$, heat and sweating $(12.5\%)$, pressure $(10,7\%)$ and stress $(7.1\%)$. 5. The total scores between baseline and follow up of 34 patients were lowered from $15.38^{\circ}\;{\ae}3.75\;to\;8.82^{\circ}\;{\ae}5.21$, which was significant statistically (p=0.000). 6. Itch severity, frequency of wheals and number of wheals were the most significantly lowered of all criteria. Conclusions: Traditional Korean medical therapy was proven to be effective for urticaria, while itch severity, frequency of wheals and number of wheals should be assessed clinically with greater priority.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1992

Objective of this research is to evaluate fracture behaviors of fresh-butt welded metal by the acoustic emission technique. The specimens used are medium carbon steel(SM45C), mild steel (SS41) and stainless steel(SUS304), which have different weldability. The similar welding and dissimilar welding processes are considered, in the former SM45C, SS41 and SUS304 are used, in the later the following metals are used SM45C and SS41, SM45C and SUS304 and SS41 and SUS304. The characteristics of fracture in weld metal are eshmated by the tension test with nominal speciemns, the fracture toughness test with compact tension specimens and fractography analysis. The results of tension test show for base metals and similar welding materials that the yield strength and ultimate strength of similar welding materials are increased, the elongation of those are decreased. The weldability of SUS304 is better than that of SM45C and SS41 In similar welding materials. Mechanical properties of dissimilar welding mateiiths we lower than those of similar welding materials. In dissimilar welding materials, the weldability of SM45C and SUS304 is better than that of SM45C and SS41, and also weidability of SS41 and SUS304 is better than SS41 and SM45C. Comparing mechanical properties with AE counts, it is found that AE conuts appeared on a small before the limit load of elasticity(P$_{e}$), and apper greatly near yield strength region in tension test. These results could contribute to the safety analyses and the evaluation of strength for welding structure.e.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2008

소구경 배관 소켓 용접부의 고주기 피로특성윽 평가하고 피로 균열의 발생을 음향방출법을 이용하여 실시간 모니터링 하였다. 스테인리스 316L강 시험편은 가스텅스텐아크용접 공정으로 루트부에 결함이 없는 시험편과 용입불량 결함이 있는 시험편으로 준비하였다. 피로파단은 고응력 일때는 토우부, 상대적으로 저응력일 때는 루트부에서 일어났다. 피로시험동안 음향방출 카운트가 급격히 증가하는 시점을 균열의 발생 싸이클 ($N_i$)로 정의하였고 방사선투과법과 전자현미경을 이용하여 피로균열 생성 싸이클 전과 후에서 균열을 확인하였다. 소켓용접배관의 굽힘피로 손상 진단 및 감시를 위해 균열의 존재와 파괴모드 그리고 균열의 발생 싸이클에 관한 연구를 수행하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2012

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has been used as a major treatment strategy for hematological malignancies. The number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product is a very important factor for achieving successful transplantation. We studied the factors that can predict the number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients after mobilizing them with chemotherapy plus G-CSF. A total of 73 patients (AML 19 patients, MM 28 patients, NHL 26 patients) with hematological malignancies had been mobilized with chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating growth factor from April, 2000 to February, 2012. Group's characteristics, checkup opinion of pre-peripheral blood on the day of harvest & outcome of PBSC were analyzed and evaluated using SPSS statistics program after grouping patients as below; group 1: CD34 cell counts < $2{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=16); group 2: $2{\times}10^6/kg{\leq}CD34$ cell counts < $6{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=32); group 3: CD34 cell counts ${\geq}6{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=25). We analyzed the clinical characteristics, the peripheral blood (PB) parameters and the number of CD34 positive cells in the PB and their correlation with the yield of CD34 positive cells collected from the mobilized patients. The total number of leukapheresis sessions was 263 (mean: 3.55 session per patient), and the mean number of harvested CD34 positive cells per patient was $7.37{\times}10^6/kg$. The number of CD34 positive cells in product was significantly correlated with the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood (P<0.05). The number of PB CD34 positive cells was the best significant factor for the quantity of harvested CD34 positive cells on the linear regression analysis (P<0.05). Many factors could influence the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells. Platelet count and PB CD34 positive cells count were the two variables which remained to be significant in multivariate analysis. Therefore, the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood on the day of harvest can be used as an accurate predictor for successful peripheral blood stem cell collection.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.218-221
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• 2008

본 연구는 최근 웰빙식품으로 소비가 증가하고 있는 산양유의 체세포수 등급제정을 위해 (주)엠젠에 납유하고 있는 12개 목장에서 2006년 12월부터 2007년 11월까지 납유한 산양유의 체세포수를 분석하였다. 프랑스와 노르웨이의 체세포 등급체계 및 우리나라 원유의 체세포 등급체계를 고려할 때, 산양유의 체세포수 등급체계는 1급이 mL당 100만 미만, 2급이 100-150만 미만, 3급이 150-200만 미만, 4급이 200-250만 미만, 5급이 250만 초과로 규정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 체계를 가정할 때 우리나라 산양유의 1등급 비율이 26.2%로 다소 낮고, 5등급 비율이 11.8%로 다소 높으나 이를 통해 산양유의 체세포수가 개선될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.78-82
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• 2001

Impact behaviors of Aluminum Honeycombs Sandwich Panel(AHSP) by drop weight test were investigated. Two types of specimens with 1/2" and 1/4" cell size were tested by two impactors which are weight of $5.25\textrm{kg}_{\textrm{f}}$ and $11.9\textrm{kg}_{\textrm{f}}$. Parametric studies were achieved including the impactor weight and impact sites which consist face, long-edge, short-edge, and point of the specimen. Face one of impact sites was the strongest and short-edge one of impact sites was the weakest. The damaged area of AHSP was enlarged with the increase of impactor weight that is equal to impact energy. After 3 point bending test, fracture modes of AHSP were analyzed with AE counts. Lower facesheet was fractured in the long-edge direction and then separated between facesheet and core. In the short-edge direction after core wrinkled, lower facesheet tear occurred. Impact behavior by FE analysis were increased localized damage in fast velocity because the faster velocity of the impact was, the smaller the stress of core was. Consequently, impactor weight had an effect on widely damaged area, while the impact velocity was caused on the localized damaged area.aged area.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.206-216
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the pore size distributions (PSDs) of polyester woven fabrics by using liquid extraction method. Three types of PSDs-percent PSD, PSD per unit area of sample and PSD per unit weight of sample-were evaluated. Plain, twill and satin polyester fabrics with various fabric counts were used as specimens. Results showed that the interyarn PSDs reflected the fabric characteristics such as the fabric count and the weave type and the intrayarn PSDs reflected the thread characteristics such as the number of fibers, the fiber diameter, the thread diameter and the thread twist. Of three types of PSDs, the PSD per unit area of sample best reflect fabric and thread characteritics. As the fabric count decreased, rc increased and interyarn pore volume increased. The PSDs were skewed to the small pore sizes and the pore volumes decreased in the order of plain> twill> satin. As the number of fibers, the fiber diameter and the thread twist decreased, the intrayarn pore volumes were increased.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.205-208
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• 2006

Similar friction welding were produced using 15 mm diameter solid bar in Ni-base superalloy(alloy718) to investigate their mechanical properties. The main friction welding parameters were selected to endure good quality welds on the basis of visual examination, tensile tests, AE total counts and ultrasonic attenuation coefficient. The specimens were tested as welded, not heat-treated. The tensile strength of the friction welded joints was increased up to 90% of the alloy718 base metal under the condition of all heating time. Optimal welding conditions were n=2,000 (rpm), $P_1=200$ (MFa), $P_2=200$ (MFa), $t_1=8$ (s), $t_2=5$ (s) when the total upset length is 4.4(mm). The weld interface of similar friction welded steel bars was mixed strongly.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Neovastat, having significant antitumor and antimetastatic properties, is classified as a naturally occurring multifunctional antiangiogenic agent. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of Neovastat on airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with ovalbumin (OVA) on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 and challenged with inhaled OVA on days 26, 29, and 31. Neovastat was administrated by gavage (5 mg/kg body weight) three times with 12 h intervals, beginning 30 min before OVA inhalation. On day 32, mice were challenged with inhaled methacholine, and enhanced pause (Penh) was measured as an index of airway hyperresponsiveness. The severity of airway inflammation was determined by differential cell count of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The MMP-9 concentration in BAL fluid samples was measured by ELISA, and MMP-9 activity was measured by zymography. The untreated asthma group showed an increased inflammatory cell count in BAL fluid and Penh value compared with the normal control group. Mice treated with Neovastat had significantly reduced Penh values and inflammatory cell counts in BAL fluid compared with untreated asthmatic mice. Furthermore, mice treated with Neovastat showed significantly reduced MMP-9 concentrations and activity in BAL fluid. These results demonstrate that Neovastat might have new therapeutic potential for airway asthmatic inflammation.