• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.535-545
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• 2017

Maritime accidents around the Korean Peninsula are increasing, and the ship detection research using remote sensing data is consequently becoming increasingly important. This study presented a new ship detection algorithm using hyperspectral images that provide the spectral information of several hundred channels in the ship detection field, which depends on high resolution optical imagery. We applied a spectral matching algorithm between the reflection spectrum of the ship deck obtained from two field observations and the ship and seawater spectrum of the hyperspectral sensor of an airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer. A total of five detection algorithms were used, namely spectral distance similarity (SDS), spectral correlation similarity (SCS), spectral similarity value (SSV), spectral angle mapper (SAM), and spectral information divergence (SID). SDS showed an error in the detection of seawater inside the ship, and SAM showed a clear classification result with a difference between ship and seawater of approximately 1.8 times. Additionally, the present study classified the vessels included in hyperspectral images by presenting the adaptive thresholds of each technique. As a result, SAM and SID showed superior ship detection abilities compared to those of other detection algorithms.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2005

Objects : With the advancement of tissue engineering techniques, the effort to develop bioartificial mucosa have been actively delivered. The problem we met with this technique is the lack of mechanical strength between kerationocyte layer and dermal layer, where in the normal skin and mucosa, they are tightly bound with rete ridge structure. The purpose of this study is to understand the 2D and 3D structure of rete ridge of mucosa and skin paddle for rendering more biomimetic structure to the artificial mucosa. Materials and Methods : Oral mucosa and skin from the patients who received the oral surgery and maxillofacial reconstruction were harvested. The epidermis was separated from the dermis after treating with dispase for 12-16 hours. H&E staining was performed for 2D(dimensional) structure study and confocal LASER and SEM study were performed for 3D structure. Mean height(Sc) and arithmetic mean deviation(Sa) of all surface height were calculated. Results : The average height of rete ridge of skin flap was between $67.14{\mu}m$ and $194.55{\mu}m$. That of oral mucosa was between $146.26{\mu}m$ and $167.51{\mu}m$. Pressure bearing area and attached gingiva of oral mucosa showed deeper rete ridges. Conclusion : To obtain the adequate strength of artificially cultured keratinocyte skin and mucosa flap, it is necessary to imitate the original skin and mucosa structure, especially rete ridge. Through this study, 2D and 3D rete ridge structure of normal mucosa and skin was obtained. These results can be used as basis for substrate morphology for keratinocytes culture.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.284-288
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• 2009

The innate immune system is important for the first line of host defence against infectious agents, which have penetrated the mechanical barriers. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL or mannan-binding protein, MBP) is a serum protein that is synthesized in the liver as a part of the acute phase response. MBL binds to carbohydrate structures presented by a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. MBL is synthesized as a monomer that has a carboxy-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain, a neck region and a collagen region. Low MBL level was reported to be the most frequent immuno-deficiency syndrome. Although extensive studies have yielded detailed information on the structure of MBL, functions of the MBL complex are not fully understood yet. We, here, present cloning process of MBL cDNA from the rat liver and production of truncated recombinant MBL protein using a bacterial expression system in order to produce anti-MBL polyclonal antibody. Anti-MBL polyclonal antibody was raised in a New Zealand rabbit and its affinity was tested against recombinant protein using western blot technique. MBL cDNA, recombinant protein and anti-MBL antibody could be used as great arsenals to dissect cellular biochemistry of MBL.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.80-95
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to research the work condition and the degree of job satisfaction of the physical therapist in Jeonnam East area. This study consisted of 120 physical therapists who were working in hospital located in Jeonnam East area from May, 19 to June 16, 2004. The data for analysis were collected by questionnaire survey. The major statistical methods used for the analysis were factor analysis, $x^2-test$, multiple regression analysis. The summarized result are as follows; 1. As for the general characteristics of the surveyed physical therapists was male 61($50.83\%$) and female 59($49.16\%$), majority was 26-30 in age. Most of the respondent worked in local clinics($62.5\%$). Also most of the respondent educated college graduation($68\%$). While the service period less than 12 months accounted for $41.7\%$. 2. The average marks by their job satisfaction factors indicated $56.7\%$ for duty importance, the relation with the patient accounted for $53.3\%$, the mending education for $18.3\%$, the equipment & institution for $20.9\%$. The average job satisfaction score was 3.04. 3. The comparative analysis of job satisfaction and general characteristics among different characteristics of the respondents revealed that there was significant difference between male and female, between 31-40years and 41years or more in ability knowledge & technique satisfaction. 4. The comparative analysis of job satisfaction and work conditions among different characteristics of the respondents revealed that there was significant difference between local clinics and hospital, between yosu&goheung and beolgyo in the mending education satisfaction. 5. Contributing factors for the job satisfaction in Physical therapist were welfare system, the relation with the patient, the service time per patient, mending education, the number of the patient.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.5
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• pp.371-382
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• 2010

One of the advantages of the mobile internet is that it is accessible everywhere. However, producing the mobile internet contents is hard because the standards of the contents are different depending on the telecommunications companies and the mobile phone terminals. Because of this, mobile contents production has not been activated and profit models are rarely found. In order to vitalize the mobile contents, we developed the Mobile UCC (User Created Contents) Phone Page Service with which general users can produce and provide the mobile phone pages easily. In addition, we began to provide advertisement on the UCC phone pages as a profit model. However, as mentioned already, the contents that meet each of the standards should be prepared in advance to be compatible with the different standards. For this reason, only one advertisement could be provided on one UCC phone page. Previous studies were focused on the standardization of different standards by integrating them. Though the standardization may be applicable to the mobile phones that will be newly released, it is hardly applied to the conventional mobile phones. To solve the abovementioned problems and improve the drawbacks of the conventional studies, we proposed in this article the technology to synthesize the phone page contents and independent advertisement at the moment when the UCC phone page prepared by the users is provided in real time. This technology allows to provide various advertisement on one UCC phone page and administrate the start, end and frequency of specific advertisements. This method was applied in this study to vitalize the mobile contents and improve the profit model.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.264-273
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• 2011

This study subject is to provide appropriately basic information about annually increased implant treatment by their lost teeth base on increasing old people and also analyze factors influencing implant treatment decisions for patient. For about 3 month from July on the 2010, This survey was carried out at 13 dental clinic as target of 217 patients on categorized into implant treatment-group and non-treatment-group in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Implant treatment-group showed highest portion at 50(30.3%), non- Implant treatment-group showed highest portion at 20's(35.7%), And The patients of implant treatment-group are good oral condition, and they showed a positive attitude. Result of analysis by multiple logistic analysis(regression), Factors of influencing implant treatment decision are age, gender, period of education, monthly income, condition of periodontal tissue, regular checkup, counseling attitude, trust in hospital. Therefore, proactive management about the necessity of regular dental check-up is needed the education and promotion. And medical team should have efforts to Improving technique of medical consultations and Improving the trust of the hospital's for implant treatment decision. Also, The patient's subjective determine rather than it is important to preparing to facilitate decision of specific clinical basis. And The government's financial support and policy alternatives are certainly required in order to be implant treatment without cost burden.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.207-212
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• 2006

Background: The epidural injection technique is a commonly used intervention in the management of chronic spinal pain, which has the advantage of delivering various drugs, such as local anesthetics or steroids, in higher concentrations to the inflamed nerve root. A guidewire-reinforced epidural catheter was introduced through a Tuohy needle during the caudal epidural procedure, with a catheter threaded into the affected nerve roots and the spread-pattern of contrast agents observed under fluoroscopy. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with low back pain, who showed evidence of a herniated nucleus pulposus on magnetic resonance imaging, were included. All patients received fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injections, with the guidewire-reinforced epidural catheter introduced through a Tuohy needle and threaded either to the right or left side toward the target nerve roots. After confirming the catheter tip position at the affected nerve root, 2 ml increments of contrast agents (up to 6 ml) were injected, and their corresponding AP fluoroscopic views were obtained. Three radiologists reviewed all the radiographic findings and measured the proportion of the area of contrast spread at the side of target nerve roots. Results: Greater proportion of the area of contrast spread was observed at the side of the target nerve roots (P < 0.0001). At each level of contrast injection (2-⁣, 4- ⁣ and 6 ml), more than 70% of the spread of contrast dye was observed at the side of the target nerve roots in 85%, 70%, and 55% of cases, respectively. Conclusions: The combination of a caudal epidural injection and use of a guidewire-reinforced epidural catheter significantly enhances the target specificity, as revealed by the selective spread of contrast dye at the side of target nerves.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.284-291
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• 2009

This study was conducted to characterize the enhanced antioxidant and anticancer activities of Berberis koreana bark following a low temperature and high pressure extraction process. The results indicate that the B. koreana bark extracted as described showed a 93% increase in DPPH radical scavenging activity. Inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase was highest by this extraction process. In addition the growth of human lung cancer cells (A549), human stomach cancer cells (AGS), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human liver cancer cells (Hep3B) were inhibited by 70.8%, 86.2%, 84.3% and 62.5% respectively. These data indicate that this low temperature and high pressure extraction technique results in the efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from rigid plant materials. This process could also be combined with other techniques to improve extraction yields and identify new biologically active substances from relatively hard plants.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1507-1514
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• 2012

Oxidative stress leads to damage in all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA due to imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and cellular detoxification. Phytochemicals are well-known to contain antioxidants, and their physiological role has been intensively studied. The fruit of Cornus officianalis has been used in oriental medicine and has been reported to have many functions. In this study, four different extraction techniques were applied to extract functional components from the fruit of Cornus officianalis, and the content of loganin, which is an antioxidant having DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and reducing power, was analyzed in each extract. Extraction techniques employed in this study were heat extraction by water, 70% ethanol extraction, enzyme treatment, and combination of enzyme treatment and heat extraction by water. All extracts contained 11.8-18.0 mg/g loganin and showed antioxidation function assayed by measuring DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and reducing power. Among them, heat extraction was the most effective technique, showing a maximum amount of loganin (18.0 mg/g) and antioxidative activity at 100 mg/ml concentration. Each extract showed very low cytotoxicity up to at 500 mg/ml but 10-20% cytotoxicity at 1,000 mg/ml by in vitro MTT assay.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.699-712
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• 2000

Juam lake is a major water resource for the industrial and agricultural activities as well as the resident life of Kwangju and Chonnam regions. However, the water quality of the lake is getting worse due to a large quantity of pollutant inflowing to the lake. Thus, the strategy for achieving the water quality goal of the lake should be developed as soon as possible. When there are various alternatives that can be used as the strategy, several criteria based on the achievement degree of water quality goal, the applicability of technique and social environment, and the reasonableness of the cost required are made to evaluate and rank the alternatives. However, it is difficult to make a decision when there are multiple criteria and conflicting objectives and specifically the estimated values of criteria contain elements of uncertainty. The uncertainty stems from the lack of available information, the randomness of future situation, and the incomplete knowledge of expert. As the degree of uncertainty is higher, the decision becomes more difficult. In this study, a fuzzy decision-making method is presented to assist decision makers in evaluating various alternatives under uncertainty. The method allows decision makers to characterize the associated uncertainty by applying fuzzy theory and incorporate the uncertainty directly into the decision making process for selecting the "best" alternative so decisions can be made that are more appropriate and realistic than those made without taking uncertainty in account.