• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2021

Background Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have become an essential material for implant-based breast reconstruction. No previous studies have evaluated the effects of sterility of ADM under conditions of radiation. This study compared sterile (irradiated) and aseptic (non-irradiated) ADMs to determine which would better endure radiotherapy. Methods Eighteen male Balb/C mice were assigned to the control group with no irradiation (group 1) or one of two other groups with a radiation intensity of 10 Gy (group 2) or 20 Gy (group 3). Both sterile and aseptic ADMs were inserted into the back of each mouse. The residual volume of the ADM (measured using three-dimensional photography), cell incorporation, α-smooth muscle actin expression, and connective tissue growth factor expression were evaluated. The thickness and CD3 expression of the skin were measured 4 and 8 weeks after radiation. Results In groups 2 and 3, irradiated ADMs had a significantly larger residual volume than the non-irradiated ADMs after 8 weeks (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in cell incorporation and the amount of fibrosis between irradiated and non-irradiated ADMs. The skin was significantly thicker in the non-irradiated ADMs than in the irradiated ADMs in group 3 (P<0.05). CD3 staining showed significantly fewer inflammatory cells in the skin of irradiated ADMs than in non-irradiated ADMs in all three groups after 4 and 8 weeks (P<0.05). Conclusions Under radiation exposure, irradiated ADMs were more durable, with less volume decrease and less deposition of collagen fibers and inflammatory reactions in the skin than in non-irradiated ADMs.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.753-759
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• 2016

Power automation system to operate power distribution systems can be distinguished by distribution SCADA with remote monitoring and control; and distribution automation system with basic functions such as service restoration to the distribution SCADA; and distribution management system which is operated by various applications in order to enhance distribution system operation performance based on the distribution automation system. In the technological change, a technical boundary of information technology (IT) and operation technology (OT) is being blurred by that new concepts such as interoperability. In addtion, IT/OT convergence has been proposed by the improvement of ICT and power system technology. At the viewpoint, advanced distribution management system (ADMS) to have the new concepts and to increase distribution system operation efficiency through global information and functions from the other systems has been proposed. In order to implement the ADMS, IT and OT have to be employed together on the ADMS; and the concept-based IT/OT convergence concept has been presented. Therefore, this paper introduces ADMS and IT/OT convergence and proposes a design of IT/OT convergence based ADMS system design with configurations and functions.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2016

Dental treatment is often performed under general anesthesia or sedation when an intellectually disabled patient has a heightened fear of treatment or has difficulty cooperating. When it is impossible to control the patient due to the severity of intellectual disability, conscious sedation is not a viable option, and only deep sedation should be performed. Deep sedation is usually achieved by propofol infusion using the target controlled infusion (TCI) system, with deep sedation being achieved at a slightly lower concentration of propofol in disabled patients. In such cases, anesthesia depth monitoring using EEG, as with a Bispectral Index (BIS) monitor, can enable dental treatment under appropriate sedation depth. In the present case, we performed deep sedation for dental treatment on a 27-year-old female patient with mental retardation and severe dental phobia. During sedation, we used BIS and a newly developed Anesthetic Depth Monitor for Sedation (ADMS$^{TM}$), in addition to electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, blood pressure monitoring, and capnometry for patient safety. Oxygen was administered via nasal prong to prevent hypoxemia during sedation. The BIS and ADMS$^{TM}$ values were maintained at approximately 70, and dental treatment was successfully performed in approximately 30 min.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.172-175
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose new algorithm to minimize the total cost of overall system in WDM ring networks. The cost of system includes the number of SONET ADMs as well as the number of wavelength. As optical technologies and WDM components are developed, the dominant cost of system is the number of SONET ADMs which is electronic equipment. To reduce the number of SONET ADMs in nonuniform traffic, we propose two algorithms one is the algorithm to construct full circles as many as possible to minimize gaps by cutting and combining the connections. The other is the algorithm to groom circles Into a wavelength to share the maximum number of nodes. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to conventional algorithm in nonuniform traffic

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.265-274
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• 2014

A recent air defense missile system(ADMS) is required to have a capability to intercept super-high speed targets such as tactical ballistic missiles(TBMs) by performing engagement control efficiently. The air defense missile system should be ready to engage the TBMs as soon as the ADMS detects TBMs because falling velocity of TBM is very high and remaining time interval to engage TBM is very short. As a result, the ADMS has to predict the trajectories of TBMs accurately with estimated states of dynamics to generate predicted intercept point(PIP). In addition, it is needed to engage TBMs accurately via transmitting the obtained PIP data to the corresponding intercept missiles. In this paper, an analysis about the relationship between ballistic coefficient and PIP accuracy which is depending on geodetic height of the first detection of TBM is included and an issue about effective engagement control for the TBM is considered.

• Transportation Technology and Policy
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.179-189
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• 2006

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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• v.2007 no.10
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• pp.255-260
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• 2007

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.204-213
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• 2019

Background In implant-based breast reconstruction, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is essential for supporting the inferolateral pole. Recent studies have compared non-sterilized freeze-dried ADM and sterilized pre-hydrated ADM, but have not assessed whether differences were attributable to factors related to sterile processing or packaging. This study was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes of breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs. Methods Through a retrospective chart review, we analyzed 77 consecutive patients (85 breasts) who underwent tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction with either freeze-dried ADM (35 breasts) or pre-hydrated ADM (50 breasts) from March 2016 to February 2018. Demographic variables, postoperative outcomes, and operative parameters were compared between freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADM. Biopsy specimens were obtained for histologic analysis. Results We obtained results after adjusting for variables found to be significant in univariate analyses. The total complication rate for freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADMs was 25.7% and 22.0%, respectively. Skin necrosis was significantly more frequent in the freeze-dried group than in the pre-hydrated group (8.6% vs. 4.0%, P=0.038). All other complications and operative parameters showed no significant differences. In the histologic analysis, collagen density, inflammation, and vascularity were higher in the pre-hydrated ADM group (P=0.042, P=0.006, P=0.005, respectively). Conclusions There are limited data comparing the outcomes of tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs. In this study, we found that using pre-hydrated ADM resulted in less skin necrosis and better integration into host tissue. Pre-hydrated ADM may therefore be preferable to freeze-dried ADM in terms of convenience and safety.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.449-456
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• 2007

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.213-223
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• 2004

We consider the traffic grooming problem for the design of SONET/WDM(Synchronous Optical NETwork/Wavelength Division Multiplexing) ring networks. Given a physical network with ring topology and a set of traffic demands between pairs of nodes, we are to obtain a stack of rings with the objective of minimizing the number of ADMs installed at the nodes. This problem arises when a single ring capacity is not large enough to accommodate all the demands. As a solution method, an efficient algorithm based on the branch-and-price approach has been reported in the literature for the problem in which only unidirecional path switched ring (UPSR) was considered. In this study, we suggest integer programming models and the algorithms based on the same approach as the above one, considering two-fiber bidirectional line switched ring(BLSR/2), and BLSR/4 additionally. Using the results, we compare the number of required ADMs for all types of the ring architecture.