• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.443-454
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• 2014

This study designed to know subjective structure about clinical experience of adaptation of new nursing staffs in a general hospital and using Q-methodology. Using Q-methodology, 40 new nursing staffs sorted working a general hospital through personal interview. The statement positions on the sorting continuum were scored from +4(representing the highest level of agreement) through 0(at the neutral position on the continuum) through to -4(representing the highest level of disagreement). Factor analysis of the data was undertaken using PC QUANL program to determine if any patterns were discernible. The five types extracted all had eigenvalues greater than 1.0 and explained 62.38% of the variation in responses.: (1) New workload type, (2) Interest and responsibility type, (3) Improve the situation type, (4) Lack of knowledge and technology type, and (5) Excessive workload type. The significant differences found in the subjective structure of clinical experience of adaptation of new nursing staffs in ad general hospital. The findings of this study could contribute to the development of an effective programmes of education and personnel clinical practice strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1171-1176
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• 2016

VANET are a special kind of MANET adapted to the communications between vehicles. In this work, we propose the models used for representing the communication among vehicles, vehicles mobility features, and VANET simulator using realistic vehicular mobility models. VANET requires that a traffic and network simulator should be used together to perform this test. But, simulator tool has been preferred over traffic simulation because it simple, easy and cheap. Goal of this paper is to create a simulation of Vehicular Ad-Hoc network for urban scenario which can be used for testing purposes. Such environment can be used while designing better MAC protocols in VANETs. We are evaluating the performance of two routing protocols namely AODV and DSDV. The comparison was based on the throughout, packet loss and end-to-end delay. We found that DSDV has less throughput performance and high routing overhead than AODV. On average end-to-end delay and packet loss, AODV performs better than DSDV.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.437-460
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• 2003

It is recorded that the orignal Nam-Suk Bridge is constructed at the first year of Oh-Bong(B.C. 57). But I believe that it can be back to the 19 year of Jin-Hung King(AD. 558) by discovered bibliographies. The Nam-Suk Bridge is improved and remodelled from past to the late of Zosun dynasty by the development of walled city of Chongju. By the late of Gojong Empire, the Nam-Suk Bridge has stone post and monument of Nam-Suk Bridge. Because the alternations of Mu-Sim River channel, heavy floods, extension of built, up area and Japanese unconcern, the stone post and monument of Nam-Suk Bridge is lost approximately by 1910s and Nam-Suk Bridge is completely buried by the early 1930s. The Mu-Sim Hiver has negative aspects from past to the Japanese rule but has increasingly the positive aspects after the liberation of Korea. We must reconstruct these buried cultural resources to highlight the cultural identity of Chongju City.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2005

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effect of exercise training on defense mechanism of chronic degenerative disease, aging, and memory impairments of senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM)P8 under the hypothesis that "Senile dementia may be prevented by regular exercises". Methods: To evaluate the effects of exercise training on the defense mechanism of aging and memory impairment, SAMP8 were divided into two groups, the control group and exercise training groups. the exercise training group were performed with low $(\dot{V}O_2max\;25{\sim}33%)$, middle ($\dot{V}O_2max$ 50%) and high $(\dot{V}O_2max\;66{\sim}75%)$ intensity exercise. All SAMP8 mice were fed experimental diet ad libitum until 4, 8 months, and dead period. Results: Median lifespan in middle exercise group resulted in a significantly increased (23.5% and 18.7%, respectively), whereas these lifespan in high exercise group resulted in an unexpectedly decreased (13.5% and 12.1%, respectively) compared with control group. Body fat levels in 4 and 8 months of age were significantly decreased 43% to 51% in middle exercise group, whereas were remarkably deceased to 57% in high exercise group compared with control group. It is believed that extended median and maximum lifespan may be effected by calory restriction through the exercise training. Acetylcholine (ACh) levels were significantly increased 6.7% and 8.5% in middle and high exercise groups, and also choline acetyltransfease (ChAT) activities were significantly increased 10.3% and 11.9% in middle and high exercise groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that proper and regular exercises such as middle group ($\dot{V}O_2max$ 50%) may play an effective role in attenuating an oxygen radicals and may play an important role in improving a learning and memory impairments of senile dementia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.120-122
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm of the unnecessary copied message inhibition using dynamic density what is called DDIM(Dynamic Density-based Inhibited Message diffusion) in DTNs(Delay Tolerant Networks). Existing DTN routing algorithms as Epidemic and Spray and Wait have some problems that occur large overhead in dense network due to the thoughtless message diffusion. Our proposed method, the DDIM, determines adjusted number of copied message through dynamic node density that is calculated using node's radio coverage and neighbor nodes in period time to solve message diffusion problem. It decrease overhead without losing message delivery ratio and increased latency through reducing message diffusion. In this paper, we compare delivery ratio, average latency and overhead of proposed algorithm, DDIM, and existing DTN routing algorithm and prove enhanced performance through simulation results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 1986

The purposes of this study were to clarify whether the health belief model could explain the women's adoption of sterilization and to find the factors which influence the adoption of sterilization. To achieve these purpose, 35 women, who visited the family planning hospital to undergo an surgical operation for sterilization, were selected and named the group of adoption. Also, 36 women, who have the same demographic characteristics as the group of adoption, and have no sterilization among the married women, were selected and named the group of non-adoption. The measuring instruments used in this study were made by the researchers on the basis of the results of the review of the related literatures. The validity of these instruments was examined by one professor majoring in nursing and two family plmanning practioners. The reliability was proven by calculation of Cronbach's α with data of the group of adoption. The data was analyzed by t-test, X²-test, and ANOVA using Computer SAS system. The results were following: 1. Health belief model could be said to explain whether women accept the sterilization or not, because the degrees of susceptibility and severity for future pregnancy and the degree of benefit or adoption of sterilization in the group of ad-option are higher than those of the group of non-adoption. 2. Influence of demographic variables on health belief variables was as follows. With advancing ages, degree of susceptibility increased in the group of adoption, and the higher the number of artificial abortion increased, the higher degree of barrier increased in the group of non-adoption. Suggestions for further studies and application to the nursing practice are as follows 1. If one wants to educate the non-adoption women, one would be better to give such information as to increase the perception of susceptibility, severity and benefit. 2. New instrument to measure the perceived barrier which includes such items as fear on well-ness of the existing children, objection of husband and postoperative complication, is needed. 3. A study to find the change of perception on health belief variables is needed, after education to increase the level of perceived susceptibility and severity on the future pregnancy, and benefit on sterilization is given.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.606-615
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• 2015

This study aims to provide suggestions for the development of educational contents on historical events that can solve the existing curriculum's problems, such as the disproportionate weight given to Western historical events. The study focuses on content ranging from the start of the Agricultural Revolution (7000 BC.) to the start of the Industrial Revolution (AD. 1760). The results are as follows. We used the Delphi technique for deriving global historical events. Among them, 56 historical events were selected as the data for Social Network Analysis (SNA). The results of SNA showed that topics related to Civilization has a high priority. In addition, the results of a coagulation analysis showed the events can be divided into seven groups. The classification criteria is different from the criteria used for the current period. We expect that the suggested framework developed for historical contents will constitute a new approach to historical interpretation through network visualization and linkage analysis.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 1999

The present study was aimed at investigating whether there are sex-related differences in serum levels of lipids, retinol , $\alpha$-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in Korean adults. Serum levels of antioxidant vitamins and lipids were determined algon with anthropometric measurements in 53 healthy male subjects with mean age 42.7$\pm$12.2 years and 44 female subjects with mean age 46.7$\pm$10.3 years. from Taegu in Korea. BMI and W/H ration of the men were 22.66$\pm$2.47, 0.88$\pm$0.04 and those fo thewomen were 23.36$\pm$3.44, 0.84$\pm$0.05 respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 121.67$\pm$14.8, 79.3$\pm$12.4 in the men and 123.1 $\pm$17.5 , 78.8$\pm$10.9 in the women respectively. Average serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were 165.8$\pm$36.4, 102.6$\pm$31.2, 41.1$\pm$10.5 and 110.2$\pm$57.8mg/dl in the and 169.1$\pm$39.1, 113.7$\pm$36.2, 38.1 $\pm$8.6, and 85.2$\pm$37.7mg/dl in the women respectively. Thirteen percent of menans thirtyeight percent of women had LDL-cholesterol over 130mg/dl. Serum levels of retinol, $\alpha$tocopherol, ad ascorbic acid were 43.25 $\pm$15.51, 17.93$\pm$7.07, 115.24$\pm$63.25ug/dl in the men and 31.80$\pm$15.39, 17.41$\pm$6.12, an d144.99$\pm$89.87ug/dl in the women respectively. Serum vitamin E showed positive correlations with total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1081-1094
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out how to provide the correct information about toothbrushing and to promote oral health. Methods:A survey was conducted from December 2016 with 354 subjects who are over 20 years old in South Korea to find out the influence of the using toothbrush. The results are as follows. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using the SPSS WIN 21.0 statistical program. Results: After reviewing the result that the using toothbrush of oral health according to the general nature, the average score of the female $3.94{\pm}0.87$ was higher than the male, the highest average score of 50-59 age was $4.10{\pm}0.83$. As for the highest average score regarding martial status, the married group's score was $3.91{\pm}0.88$. After reviewing the factors affecting the toothbrushing, the age group of 50-59 has the highest using toothbrush and the more using toothbrush in oral health, the more using toothbrush. Conclusions: Systematic dental health education program is needed to increase the correct knowledge of time to replace the toothbrush among the public. Also it is needed to increase people's toothbrushing constantly by acquiring the information through SNS, AD, and mass media.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.52-96
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• 1998

To find causal factors and improvement plans of organizational commitment of public servants in urban health centers, a hypothetical causal model, which included 2 endogenous variables(organizational commitment & organizational satisfaction) and 15 exogenous variables, was constructed. Exogenous variables consisted of individual factors (sex, age, education, job-grade, and annual salary), psychological variables(pride for organization, extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation and support of supervisor) ad structural variables(formalization, centralization, communication, job-conflict, job-decision, and workload). In the hypothetical causal model, organizational commitment was supposed to be effect variable, and organizational satisfaction was presumed to be intervening variable to mediate between organizational commitment and exogenous variables. For data collection, cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted to 1,295 public servants from 32 urban health centers nationwide. The survey responses were from 934, 72.1% of subjects. But 756 responses(58.4%) were analyzed because of excluding ones with missing values. The hypothetical causal model was fitted by covariance structural analysis with maximum likelihood method. Main results were as follows: (1) The fitted causal model accounted for 33 and 55 percent of total variance of organizational commitment and organizational satisfaction of public servants, respectively. (2) In order of effect size, pride for organization, supervisor support, communication, extrinsic motivation and centralization had an indirect effect effect on organizational commitment through organizational satisfaction. However, the effect of centralization was negative. (3) Pride for organiztion, intrinsic motivation, organizational satisfaction, job-conflict, supervisor support, communication, age, centralization, annual salar and extrinsic motivation had indirect or direct effects on organizational commitment in order of effect size. Among them, effects of job-conflict and centraldization were negative. In conclusion, these results suggested that organizational commitment of public servants in urban health centers could be enhanced by pride for organization, intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, prevention of job-conflict and excess centralization, supervisor support and active communication. Especially, pride for organization and intrinsic motivation were expected to play the most important role.