• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1476-1480
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• 2009

Antioxidant activities of mulberry leaf extracted with different concentrations of EtOH were investigated. Total phenolic content and electron donating abilities of extract from 70% EtOH were the highest. Extracts obtained from EtOH-water mixture were shown to be significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities than other treatment (p<0.05). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition was the greatest at 50% EtOH concentration (p<0.05). The extracts from 30-70% EtOH exhibited higher ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) value than rest of the concentration (p<0.05). In case of nitrite scavenging activity, much higher scavenging activities were observed when the extraction was performed with EtOH or EtOH-water mixture (p<0.05). The results indicate that concentration of EtOH as extraction solvents can affect the antioxidant activity of mulberry leaf, which may provide useful information on the optimal solvent conditions for the extraction.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2001

In order to prove physiological function of biopolymer from Bacillus coagulans CE-74, in vitro experiments simulating the passive membrane transport of gastrointestinal tract were carried out using dialysis membrane. And inhibition effect of isolated biopolymer on tyrosinase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were observed. The glucose retardation index after 30 min dialysis was 43.5% in the presence of 2% biopolymer. As the dialysis period became longer, the retarding effect toward glucose absorption decreased and the effect was close to zero after 5 hr dialysis. The bile acid retardation index after 30 min dialysis was 34% and 44.2% in the presence of 1% and 2% biopolymer, respectively. The effect decreased as the dialysis time elapsed. It was measured by arosinase inhibition activity of biopolymer that inhibition effect was 48.5% in $20\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$. In a ACE inhibition activity, biopolymer showed inhibition activity as 97% in $10\;{\mu}g/{\mu}l$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.183-184
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• 2001

Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in renin-angiotensin system is a cause of essential hypertension, which covers most hypertension, one of the major adult diseases. Thus, the inhibition of ACE would be indispensable for the prevention and cure of hypertension. Therefore, a lot of studies on the ACE inhibitor have been conducted. Peptides from the protein hydrolysate have been reported as an remarkable inhibitor. Especially, various ACE inhibitory peptides were isolated and identified from marine products for their utilization as value added products. (omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1315-1320
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• 2015

To enhance the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, the optimized fermentation of soybean with added sea tangle extract was evaluated at 30℃ and pH 5.0. The medium was first inoculated with Aspergillus oryzae strain FMB S46471 and fermented for 3 days, followed by the subsequent inoculation with Lactobacillus brevis GABA 100. After fermentation for 7 days, the fermented soybean showed approximately 1.9 g/kg GABA and exhibited higher ACE inhibitory activity than the traditional soybean product. Furthermore, several peptides in the fraction containing the highest ACE inhibitory activity were identified. The novel fermented soybean enriched with GABA and ACE inhibitory components has great pharmaceutical and functional food values.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.82-85
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• 2006

Eucommia ulmoides bark extracts by cold water, boiling water, 100% EtOH, 70% EtOH, 100% MeOH, 70% MeOH and $CHCl_3$ were assayed for their medicinal effects. The antioxidant activity of the extracts ranged from $IC_{50}$ 125.2 to $IC_{50}\;872.7{\mu}g/ml$ in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) free radical-scavenging assay, and cold water extracts had the highest antioxidant activity. $CHCl_3$ extracts had the highest inhibitory effect on angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) giving inhibition of up to 56.4% at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Extracts in 100% EtOH had the greatest inhibitory effect on $\acute{a}-amylase$ activity ($IC_{50}=174.6{\mu}g/ml$), and 70% MeOH extracts had the greatest inhibitory effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity ($IC_{50}=14.0{\mu}g/ml$). Taken together, these results provided the in vitro evidence on the ACE, amylase and glucosidase inhibitory actions of E. ulmoides bark that form the pharmacological basis for its antihypertensive and antidiabetic action.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.511-516
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• 2006

The objectives of this study was to compare the probiotic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for their ability to assimilate cholesterol, production of bacteriocin, inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), and viability under artificial gastrointestinal fluids. Among tested lactic acid bacteria, L167 strain exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity (58.75%). The production of ACE inhibitory peptide derived from fermented milk by L167 strain started at the beginning of stationary phase with maximum activity occurring late of the stationary phase. The highest ACE inhibitory activity was observed at 20 h in 10% skim milk medium. L155 strain exhibited cholesterol assimilation activity compared with probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121. With addition of bacteriocin culture, viable cells of Staphylococcus aureus in fermented sausage were slightly decreased during storage. Among selected strains of LAB, 3 strains weve identified as L. plantarum (L155, L165, L167), and two strains were identified as Pediococcus damnosus (L12) and L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (P113) by use of API carbohydrate fermentation pattern and physiological tests.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.849-855
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• 2008

DPPH radical scavenging activities were 66.80% by hot water extract and 41.86% by 80% methanol extract. Inhibitions of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) were 91.09% by hot water extract and 75.20% by 80% methanol extract. In this study, Sulgidduk samples were prepared with 1, 3, 5, and 7% concentrated sweet pumpkin powder (CSPP), and a control were examined for quality characteristics such as moisture content, water activity, color, textural characteristics, and sensory qualities, in order to determine the optimal ratio of CSPP in the formulation. The samples containing CSPP exhibited significantly higher moisture content than the control group. Water activity was not significantly different among the Sulgidduk samples. For the color, the control group presented significantly higher lightness as compared to the samples containing CSPP. The samples containing 1 and 3% CSPP had significantly higher greenness than the samples containing 5 and 7% CSPP. Yellowness increased as the level of CSPP content increased. In terms of textural characteristics, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were highest at the 1% substitution level, while lowest at the 3% level. The CSPP samples presented significantly higher adhesiveness, springiness, and cohesiveness than the control group. In the consumer acceptance and characteristic intensity rating test, the control group showed significantly higher color and flavor as compared to the CSPP samples. Pumpkin flavor, delicious taste, and off-flavor increased with increasing amounts of CSPP. Softness, overall acceptability, and gumminess were not significantly different among the various samples tested. Sweetness was highest at the 5% substitution level, while lowest at the 1% level. In conclusion, the results indicate that substituting $3{\sim}5%$ CSPP to Sulgidduk is optimal, providing good DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of ACE as well as reasonably high overall acceptability.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2006

The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of water and 80% ethanol extracts from one hundred eight mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) to influence the inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase (XOase). The total phenol contents were that water extracts of ten species (Kakjayongsan (Morus alba L.), Daejungsun (Morus alba L.) etc.) and 80% ethanol extracts of twenty three species (Waryoung (Morus alba L.), Hasusang (Morus alba L.) etc.) showed more than 15 mg/g. The inhibitory activity on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were that ten species (YamanakkadakKaskke (Morus alba L.), Mijiro (Morus alba L.) etc.) showed 100% inhibition rate both of water extracts and 80% ethanol extracts. The rest, water extracts of thirty four species (Cheongilppong (Morus alba L.) etc.) and 80% ethanol extracts of thirty four species (Wonjukojo (Morus alba L.) etc.) showed inhibitory activity (above 90%) on ACE. Also, to search of xanthine oxidase (XOase) inhibition were that water extracts of five species (Cheongsipjosaeng (Morus alba L.), Suwon 3 (Morus alba L.) etc.) and 80% ethanol extracts of Jeokmok (Morus alba L.) showed inhibitory activity (above 50%) on XOase. This result revealed, strong biological activity in spite of has a little total phenol contents. These water and 80% ethanol extracts from mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) are expected good candidate for development into anti-hypertentive and anti-gout sources.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1290-1300
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• 2018

The glucosinolate content, antioxidant activity, and antihypertensive and antidiabetic activities were measured in a crude extract of Dolsan leaf mustard kimchi (DLMK). The glucosinolate content was low at 6.41 and 7.92 mg/g in leaves and stems of DLMK after 21 days of fermentation. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were more than 2 times higher in the leaves (211.7 mg GAE/g, 158.8 mg QE/g) than in the stem (53.7 mg GAE/g, 85.2 mg QE/g) during the fermentation period. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and electron donating ability (EDA) were similar to those of the control group after 14 days of fermentation, while the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was higher in the leaves after 14 days of fermentation when compared to the control group. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity showed similar or higher inhibitory activity in the leaves when compared to the control group (0.01% captopril), and the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was higher in the leaves and stems when compared to the control group (0.05% acarbose). The glucosinolate content and the ABTS, ACE, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were correlated, as determined by the observed straight line plot with a positive grade. During the fermentation period, the detected glucosinolates were sinigrin, glucobrasicin, glucotropeolin, and progoitrin. The DLMK extract is therefore expected to be valuable as a functional food because of its effective antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2010

Specialty barley extracts were prepared and investigated for its antioxidant activity and biological activity. Hunter $L^*$ values of the Iksan 86 extracts had higher than that of the Iksan 87 and Zasoojeongchal extracts. The extraction yields of Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal was 8.08, 6.62, and 7.30%, respectively. The contents of total phenolic compounds of the Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal extracts were 16.24, 15.51, and 13.95 GAE mg/g of sample, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal extracts were 50.00, 33.27, and 7.56% at a 500 ppm, respectively. The samples showed an inhibition of xanthin oxidase. ACE inhibition effect of specialty barley extracts, Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal, was 39.81, 41.06, and 27.78%, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibition rates (%) of Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal extracts were 26.21, 24.57, and 20.00%, respectively. Results indicated that specialty barley extracts possesses various biological activities including antioxidative capacity, xanthin oxidase inhibition activity, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity, and tyrosinase inhibition activity.