• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.8-12
• /
• 1987

경기도 농촌진흥원에서 분양받은 녹두종자와 녹두 시험포의 뿌리 및 재배토양에서 Fusarium oxysporum, F. monitiforme, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. semitectum 및 F. sporotrichioides가 검출되었다. 종자를 대형 Petridish에서 발아시킨 유묘검정에서는 $7\%$, 자엽 및 배에서도 $2\%$의 감염율을 나타냈다. 녹두 종자에서 분리한 F. moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. equiseti 및 F. sporotrichioides를 Water-agar에서 병원성을 검정한 결과 모든 균주에서 병원성이 인정되었다. 이병근에서 F. oxysporum과 F. solani가 분리되었고, 이들의 병원성을 검정한 결과 Water-agar에서는 병원성이 인정되었으나 병원균접종토양에서는 약하게 나타났다. 재배토양에서는 F. oxysporum, F. solani 및 F. equiseti가 분리되었는데 이들도 Water-agar에서 병원성이 인정되었다. 병원균접종토양에서는 F. oxysporum과 F. equiseti는 병원성이 인정되었으나 F. solani는 병원성이 약하게 나타났다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 1994

Incidence of radish disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani ranged from 1 to 30% in fields located at Hwaseong, Naju and Yeoncheon in Korea during the growing seasons in 1989, 1990 ad 1993. A total of 133 isolates of R. solani was obtained from the diseased seedlings, leaves and roots of radish collected. The fungus was most commonly isolated from the roots. Among 133 isolates of R. solani, 56 isolates were classified as anastomosis group AG-1 by anastomosis test, 37 isolates as AG-2-1, and 40 isolates as AG-4. Among the isolates of AG-1, 26 isolates were grouped as cultural type IA, and the others as cultural type IB. Cultural types IA and IB of AG-1, were isolated from the leaves, AG-2-1 from the roots, and AG-4 from the seedlings, leaves and roots. Pathogenicity tests revealed that the AG-1(IA) isolates were highly virulent on leaves of radish, but avirulent on the seedlings, petioles and roots. The AG-1(IB) isolates were highly virulent on the leaves, but mildly virulent on the seedlings and avirulent or mildly virulent on the petioles and roots. The AG-2-1, isolates were mildly virulent on the leaves and seedlings and mildly or highly virulent on the petioles and roots. The AG-4 isolates were highly virulent on the seedlings and mildly or highly virulent on the leaves, petioles and roots.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2011

Early blight of potato, caused by Alternaria solani, is a ubiquitous disease in many countries around the world. Our previous screening of several Iranian potato cultivars found that significant variation in resistance phenotypes exists between two cultivars: resistant 'Diamond' and susceptible 'Granula'. Our previous analysis of five different pathogen isolates also identified varying degrees of aggressiveness regardless of the host cultivar. Here, a bioassay was used to study the role of liquid culture exudates produced in vitro on pathogenicity and elicitation of disease symptomology in seedlings as well as detached leaves. Responses of host genotypes to the exudates of the two A. solani isolates were significantly different. Detached leaves of the resistant cultivar 'Diamond' elicited fewer symptoms to each isolate when compared to the susceptible cultivar 'Granula'. Interestingly, the phytotoxicity effect of the culture filtrate from the more aggressive isolate A was higher than from isolate N suggesting an increased concentration or strength of the toxins produced. Our results are significant because they indicate a correlation between symptoms elicited by A. solani phytotoxins and their aggressiveness on the host.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 1990

근채류식물의 근부원인이 되는 토양유래의 식물병원 성진균에 대한 생물학적 방제를 위하여 저병해인삼경작 지토양으로부터 식물근부균 Fusarium solani의 생육을 강력히 길항하는 억제세균 YPL-1을 분리, 선발하였으며 이들 동정한 결과 Pseudomonas stutzeri이거나 그 근연종으로 확인하였다. 선발된 P.stutzeri YPL-1에 의해 생산된 근부균생육억제물질은 열에 민감하고 고분자의 단백질물질로서 chitinase 및 laminarinase 등 F.solani의 외막가수분해효소인 것으로 추정된다. 더욱이 chitinase 생산능과 근부균생육억제능은 정관계로 비례한다는 것도 알았다. 이는 NTG를 이용하여 얻은 chitinase 및 laminarinase 생산불능변이주 P.stutzeri YPL-M122(chi-, lam-), P.stutzeri YPL-M153(chi-)에 의해서도 확인되었다. 그러나 본 P.stutzeri YPL-1은 siderophore를 전혀 생산하지는 못하였다. 이 결과로 미루어 보아 선발된 억제균 P.stutzeri YPL-1 균주에 의한 식물근부균 F.solani의 생육억제기작은 저분자물질인 항생물질이나 siderophore가 아닌 chitinase를 주로 하는 외막가수분해효소에 의한 근부균 F.solani의 세포벽분해에 기인된 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2005

In vitro and in vivo effectiveness of fungicides were evaluated for the control of damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani on Panax ginseng. Fludioxonil(67 mg a. i./L), flutolanil(75 mg a. i./L), thifluzamide(35 mg a. i./L), and mepronil (750 mg a. i./L) were selected from 9 fungicides, which were based on inhibition of mycelial growth of R. solani (isolate Rh 9801) and duration of fungicidal effectiveness against the pathogen in vitro. Field trials were made twice in the year of 2003 and 2004. Experimental plots $(54m{\times}0.9m)$ of 4-year-old ginseng fields were artificially infested with 5kg and 14 kg in fresh weight of inoculum in 2003 and 2004, respectively. The fungicides were drenched at a volume of 8l in $3.6m{\times}0.9m$ with 3 replications. Fludioxonil, flutolanil, thifluzamide and mepronil reduced the incidence of damping off by $73\%,\;69\%,\;69\%\;and\;43\%$, respectively. In the 2004 trial, fludioxonil, flutolanil, and thifluzamide showed similar result as reducing the incidence by $85\%,\;84\%,\;and\;82\%$, respectively, in the plot where the inoculum was applied 2.8 times more than the 2003. The disease incidences in untreated control were $12\%$ in 2003 and $47\%$ in 2004.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 1992

Rhizoctonia oryzae, R. oryzae-sativae 및 R. solani의 균사융합군의 각 균주에 대한 배양특성과 creeping bentgrass 및 들잔디에 대한 병원성과 살균제의 효과에 대하여 조사하였던 바 다음과 같다. 1. 균사생육에 미치는 온도의 영향을 보면 네가지 형으로 나눌 수 있는데, R. oryzae와 R. oryzae-sativae는 생육적온이 $30~35^{\circ}C$인 호고온형이었고, R. solani의 균사융합군의 각 균주도 세가지 형으로 나뉘었는데, 즉 생육적온이 $25~30^{\circ}C$인 고온형, 20~25$^{\circ}C$인 중간형 및 $20^{\circ}C$인 저온형이었다. 2. 접종실험에서 creeping bentgrass에 대해서는 R. oryzae와 R. solani의 AG-1( I A), AG-1( I B), bentgrass분리균 및 벼 분리균이 강한 병원성을 나타냈고, 그 다음으로 AG-2-1, AG-4, AG-5 및 AG-2-2가 중 또는 약한 병원성을 나타냈다. 들잔디에 대해서는 R. oryzae와 R. solani의 들잔디 분리균이 강한 병원성을 나타냈고 AG-1( I B)와 AG-5가 중정도의 병원성을 나타냈다. 3. 살균제의 효과는 creeping bentgrass의 brown patch병과 들잔디의 large patch병에 대해서 capro와 mytan등이 가장 좋았고 brown patch병에 대해서는 thiopan과 pencycuron이, large patch병에 대해서는 tolos와 thiopan이 각각 그 다음으로 좋았다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.202-206
• /
• 2013

Helicosporium spp.의 식물병원균 Rhizoctonia solani와 Fusarium oxysporium, Phytophthora drechsleri에 대한 항균 활성을 실내와 야외에서 검정하였다. Helicosporium 0635BP 균주는 Rhizoctonia solani와 Fusarium oxysporium에 대해 PDA배지상에서 강한 균사억제 효과를 보였다. 살균한 배양여액 50 ml/L 처리 시 잔디 갈색퍼짐병균(Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2)에 대한 높은 생장억제효과를 보였다. 배양여액 20%에 4시간 동안 침지하거나 50% 배양여액에 1시간 침지 시 Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2 IV는 100% 사멸하였다. 골프장 들잔디에서 Helicosporium 0635BP 균주의 배약여액 처리 시 10배액까지 잔디 갈색퍼짐병의 병 진전을 대조약제와 동일하게 100% 억제하였다. 따라서 Helicosporium 0635BP 배양액은 잔디 갈색퍼짐병의 생물적 방제인자로 활용가능 할 것으로 생각되며 실용화를 위하여 대량배양과 항균 물질의 정제와 동정이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.348-350
• /
• 1999

Gray leaf spot of tomato was observed on tomato plants growing in a middle of a pepper field where pepper plants were badly infected with gray leaf spot. Both Stemphylium solani and S. lycopersici were isolated from the lesion. Both species were highly pathogenic on tomato and pepper. This is the first report in Korea of occurrence of gray leaf spot of tomato caused by Stemphylium solani Weber.

• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 1994

Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar III strains S-2 antagonistic to Rhizoctonia solani was subjected to Tn5 mutagenesis by the transposon vector pGS9. Ampicillin and kanamycin resistant (Ampr, Kmr) transconjugants were recovered at a frequency of 1.3$\times$10-7 per initial recipient cell, when recipient cells were washed twice in TE buffer before conjugation. Of the ca. 3000 transconjugants, a frequency of noninhibitory (Inh-), nonfluorescent (Flu-) and auxotorphic (Pro-) mutants were 0.27%, 0.47% and 0.40%, respectively. In these mutants, all Inh- mutants showed the same colony morphology as wild type, whereas all Flu- and Pro- mutants inhibited the growth of R. solani. These mutants were also susceptible to chloramphenicol, indicating only the Tn5 element, except for parts of pGS9, was integrated into the recipient genome. In a Southern blot analysis, the Tn5 element inserted into one site on the chromosome for each of the chosen mutants. However, Tn5 insertion sites of Inh-, and Pro- mutants were differed in each other. These indicate that the genes essential for R. solani inhibition, fluorescent production and auxotrophic are chromosomally located, but not linked to each other.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.76-78
• /
• 2021

Cnidium officinale is a perennial herb belonging to the family Umbelliferae. Its origin is China and is also distributed in Korea and Japan. In 2017, a phenomenon of browning and wilting of leaves was discovered in the cultivation field of the National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Korea. The pathogens isolated from plants were consistent with Fusarium solani as a result of morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analysis. This is the first record of F. solani on C. officinale in Korea.