• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2012

Purpose: In rare cases, infectious disease can become the cause of palatal fistula as it usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. We are reporting this case because we have successfully reconstructed palatal fistula occurring due to infectious disease in a healthy adult. Methods: A 62-year-old female patient had visited our hospital with a palatal hole that had occurred after suffering from a severe febrile disease. An oro-nasal fistula measuring $1.5{\times}1.3cm$ has been observed in the junction of the soft palate and hard palate, and is presumed to be caused by an infectious disease according to the patient's history. It was reconstructed using a hinge flap and a mucoperiosteal flap. Results: For 6 months, no recurrence or complications had been observed. The post operative patient was satisfied with the improvement in nasal speech and fluid regurgitation. Conclusion: We reported this case since we had obtained a functionally satisfactory result by reconstructing the palatal fistula due to infectious disease in a healthy adult.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to estimate the population pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin in healthy adult Korean and to investigate the factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin. The population pharmacokinetic parameters of clarithromycin were calculated with the data from healthy adult Koreans. A total of 798 plasma concentrations obtained from 78 subjects after administration of a single oral dose of 250 mg or 500 mg were used for the modeling. The concentration-time data were fitted to a one-compartment open model assuming a first-order absorption and elimination with no lag time. The correlations between various factors [such as sex, age, height, weight, sect creatinine (Scr) and dose and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated with stepwise linear recession analyses. The selected covariates were incorporated in the population model of NONMEM, and the importance of each covariate was investigated by means of backwards elimination. The apparent clearance (CL/F) was significantly correlated to Scr and sex, and the apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) was significantly correlated to Scr and height in a nonlinear relationship. The population values of Ka was 1.8 h $r_{-1}$, CL/F was 37.71 L/hr, Vd/F was 200 L and t/ sub 1/2 / was 3.68 hrs for a male Korean with 170 m height and 1.0 mg/dL Scr.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 2022

This study was conducted to identify the major dietary patterns of Korean adult men and to examine the relationship between subjective stress perception and these dietary patterns using data from the 2014~2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Of the 23,080 total subjects, adult men between the ages of 19 and 64 who did not take the questionnaire or answer the questions relating to depression, and cases where the daily energy intake was less than 500 kcal or more than 5,000 kcal in the Food Frequency Questionnaire were excluded. This left a total of 3,464 subjects who were included in the final analysis. We performed a factor analysis based on the yearly mean intake frequency of 41 food groups to identify the major dietary patterns. Three major dietary patterns were identified (factor loading >0.3), including the 'Healthy pattern', 'Processed meat pattern', and the 'Alcohol pattern'. The 'Healthy pattern' was characterized by higher intake of beans, tofu, vegetable, fish, and fruits. The 'Processed meat pattern' was characterized by high consumption of processed meats and instant foods. The 'Alcohol pattern' was characterized by a higher intake of alcohol. As a response to the subject's subjective perception of stress, the most answered 'a little' according to age, marital status, occupation, income, residential area, smoking status, drinking status, and exercise status. People whose diets followed the 'Processed meat' and 'Alcohol' patterns had significantly higher scores on subjective stress perception compared to people following the 'Healthy pattern'. To manage subjective stress, it is more effective to maintain health by relieving stress through a healthy method that combines healthy eating and exercise rather than following an unhealthy diet as characterized by the 'processed meat' and 'alcohol' dietary patterns.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to compare muscle strength and gait ability of hemodialysis patients with those of healthy adults. Methods: Data were collected through a questionnaire, by testing of muscle strength and gait ability of 40 hemodialysis patients and 40 healthy adults. $X^2$-test, t-test, and ANCOVA were used in performance of data analysis. Results: First, variables including of occupation ( $X^2$=22.40,p<.001), body weight (t=-3.72, p<.001), and BMI ( $X^2$=14.65, p<.001) differed significantly between patients in the hemodialysis group and subjects in the healthy adult group. Second, using ANCOVA analysis with correction for related variables, such as occupation, body weight, and BMI as covariates, numbers for lift/reach (F=8.15, p<.001) and sit-to-stand (F=5.47, p=.001), and both maximum safe speed (F=9.17, p<.001) and normal comfortable speed (F=8.89, p<.001) were significantly lower for patients in the hemodialysis, compared with subjects in the healthy adult group. Conclusion: According to the results, muscle strength and gait ability of patients in the hemodialysis group were lower than those of subjects inthe healthy adult group. These findings suggest the importance and necessity for an interventional exercise and rehabilitation program for hemodialysis patients.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review primary research exploring the correlations between the levels of serum testosterone and the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in healthy men without prostate diseases. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using the Whittemore & Knafle (2005) framework. The keywords, 'testosterone & prostate-specific antigen', 'testosterone & PSA' and 'healthy men' were used to search peer-reviewed publications in six databases. Among 1,959 searched articles, eleven articles were selected after excluding articles that do not meet inclusion criteria. Literature quality was moderate (Level 3). Results: As a result of this study, it was confirmed through the nine articles that healthy adult men showed no significant correlation between the serum testosterone and the PSA. Conversely, two articles presented that the serum PSA correlate positively with the testosterone. In particular, it is inferred that the effect of the serum testosterone and the PSA secreted into a 24-hour circadian rhythm with different amplitudes and slopes would have had great influence. However, it does not consider the factors affecting the testosterone and the PSA, such as race, liver disease, and BMI, so there is insufficient empirical data to clearly explain the relationship between the testosterone and the PSA. Conclusion: The correlation between the serum testosterone and the PSA in healthy adult men is insignificant in relation to the circadian rhythm of the testosterone and the PSA secretion. It is that a large-scale study including various influencing factors using new biochemical indicators such as pro PSA be conducted in the future.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.87-105
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors associated with instrumental support (i.e., economic and practical support) from parents to their adult children. We examined both parents' attitudes toward instrumental support for adult children and parents' actual provision of instrumental support. From the data of the 2010 second National Survey of Korean Families, we selected 532 mothers and 524 fathers who were married and had at least one adult child aged over 25. Multiple regression analyses by the parents' gender showed that fathers were more likely to agree with instrumental support for adult children in general when they had unmarried children, had a lower household income level, had a lower evaluation of their socio-economic class, were satisfied with their own household economic situation, had positive attitudes toward caregiving for elderly parents, and were satisfied with their couple relationships. For mothers, they were more likely to agree with instrumental support for adult children in general when they had positive attitudes toward caregiving for elderly parents, were satisfied with their couple relationships, and perceived their child as someone to rely on in times of difficulties. Our analyses of the actual provision of support indicated that fathers tended to provide more support when they perceived that they were healthy, had unmarried children, were less satisfied with their household economic situation, had negative attitudes toward child-rearing, and reported a higher quality of parent-child relationship. For mothers, they were more likely to provide actual support when they were healthy, had unmarried children, had a higher level of household income, were financially preparing for later life, and less satisfied with their couple relationships. The findings of this study imply that it is imperative to distinguish the attitudes toward support from the actual provision of support and to also consider parents' gender in the literature on instrumental support for adult children.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.668-678
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data of a comprehensive counter-plan to promote health for people by comparing various factors related to cancer outbreak factors including general characteristics, health-related lifestyles, health promoting behaviors, perceived healthy status, life event stress and health care seeking behaviors with cancer patients and health people. Method: The study was designed to be a retrospective-comparison-survey-study and its data was collected through 5 types of questionnaires from September 2003 to December 2003. Results: Cancer patients had lower education and household income, and many of them had no occupation. Cancer patients had a higher rate of smoking and drinking periods. Exercise level was higher in healthy people. However, Cancer patients were better in sleep and rest. In comparison with health promoting behaviors, it was higher in healthy people than in cancer patients but the two groups had no significant differences statistically. The perceived health status was higher in healthy people than in cancer patients. The health care seeking behaviors were higher in healthy people than in cancer patients. Cancer patients and healthy people's life event stress had no significant differences statistically. Conclusion: As a result of comparative analysis of cancer patients and healthy people's health risk factors, smoking, drinking period, regular exercise and health care seeking behaviors were suggested as direct or indirect risk factors for cancer patients. These finding can be applied to health promoting behavior programs to keep and promote optimal health status as well as to prevent cancer disease.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.105-117
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to (1) establish a Korean adult normative database for phonatory aerodynamic measures obtained with the KayPENTAX Phonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS) Model 6600, (2) investigate the intra-subject reliability of these measures across three testing sessions, and (3) examine the effect of gender on those measures. 170 healthy normal speakers (70 men and 100 women) between the ages 18 and 49 years participated in the study. The PAS protocol of maximum phonation and voicing efficiency were conducted and 25 measures were obtained. All aerodynamic measures taken in this study demonstrated high intra-subject reliability in clinical aspect. There were no significant effect of gender in the measures related to sound pressure and subglottal pressure. However, significant differences for gender were found for phonation time, airflow rate, expiratory volume, aerodynamic power, SPL range, pitch range, mean pitch, aerodynamic resistance, and aerodynamic efficiency. Clinicians should be aware of significant gender effects in some aerodynamic parameters when interpreting the data obtained from PAS.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.63-71
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• 1998

Trunk holding test (Sorensen test) appear to have more value than strength test in prediction the occurrence of low back pain. Electromyographic activity of trunk extensor muscles during these test may provide clues to the etiology of neuromuscular-based low back pain. This study investigated the difference in back muscle endurance between healthy adult men and women using surface electromyographic (EMG) power spectral analysis. Thirty hea1thy subjects (15 men and 15 women) performed an unsupported trunk holding test for 60 seconds. Recording surface electrodes were placed over the erector spinae medially and laterally at vertebral levels of $L_1$ and $L_5$. Slope of total frequency was evaluated using the MP100WSW Fast Fourier Transform spectrum analysis program. The slopes of all indices of back muscle fatigue, except right $L_5$, were significantly steeper in men than in women (p<0.05). Our results indicated that the trunk holding test using EMG power spectral analysis of erector spinae muscles is useful for the evaluation of fatigue rate of these muscles. Our results also showed a higher muscle endurance in healthy adult women than in men.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.247-261
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• 2001

This study was conducted to compare activities of daily living, fatigue and depression between rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy persons. The subjects consisted of 53 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 53 healthy persons at a university hospital in Daegu City. Data were collected by means of structured interviews with questionnaires from July 20, 1999 to August 25, 1999. The instrument used in this study were the activities of daily living scale developed by Katz et al. (1970) and Barthel(1973), Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue by Belza et al.(1995) and CES-D(Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) scale. Analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, MANCOVA and Duncan with the SPSS program. The major findings are summarized as follows : 1. The first hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patients will have a lower degree of activities of daily living than the healthy persons was supported (F=4.584, p=.035). 2. The second hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patient will have a higher degree of fatigue than the healthy persons was supported (F=7.799, p=.006). 3. The third hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patients will have a higher degree of depression than the healthy persons was supported (F=4.768, p=.031). With the above results, it can be concluded that rheumatoid arthritis patients had a lower degree of activities of daily living and a higher degree of fatigue and depression than the healthy persons. Therefore, by providing appropriate nursing intervention, activities of daily living would be much better and fatigue and depression would be alleviated.