• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.581-588
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• 2015

This study was conducted by utilizing simulation (FDS6) the fire characteristics of the flammable substances such as cable compartment of a small space in the EPS room type. In the partitioned space of a room EPS supply of oxygen does not facilitate the combustion of the upward-sloping curve, as in a standard fire curve is not observed. Simulation results in a situation where ventilation is limited to the heat release rate and smoke emission characteristics of the fire showed a complex and unstable form a repeating rise and fall. Fire time was longer than the fire load. Change in the smoke emission than the heat release rate is slow, but changes of the overall surface was found to exhibit affinity.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.155-160
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• 2001

When caught in a fire inside a building or a tunnel the generated smoke is the main cause of the bad visibility, which makes difficult for a person to find escape route. Therefore it is required to visualize the simulated results of smoke realistically from a viewpoint of a person caught in a fire. In the present study, demonstrated is a CFD post-processor which can visualize the objects through smoke from the results of CFD fire simulation.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.424-430
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• 2021

Fire localization is a key mission that must be preceded for an autonomous fire suppression system. Although studies using a variety of sensors for the localization are actively being conducted, the fire localization is still unfinished due to the high cost and low performance. This paper presents the modeling and simulation of the fire localization estimation using Bayesian estimation to determine the probabilistic location of the fire. To minimize the risk of fire accidents as well as the time and cost of preparing and executing live fire tests, a 40m × 40m-virtual space is created, where two ultraviolet sensors are simulated to rotate horizontally to collect ultraviolet signals. In addition, Bayesian estimation is executed to compute the probability of the fire location by considering both sensor errors and uncertainty under fire environments. For the validation of the proposed method, sixteen fires were simulated in different locations and evaluated by calculating the difference in distance between simulated and estimated fire locations. As a result, the proposed method demonstrates reliable outputs, showing that the error distribution tendency widens as the radial distance between the sensor and the fire increases.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

In the present study, the influences of the fire curtain and natural vent in a theater fire were investigated through the numerical simulation of a reduced-scale model of a theater fire using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). Based on a previous experimental study using the reduced-scale model, the 1/14 reduced-scale model and its conditions were constructed according to the law of similarity with a real-scale theater. Through a series of numerical simulations, the smoke movements were visualized, and the temperatures in the stage and auditorium, mass flow rate of the outflow through natural vent, and time at which smoke started moving toward the auditorium were measured and analyzed. The general trends on the effects of the fire curtain and natural vent during the theater fire predicted by the present numerical simulation were similar to the previous experimental results. For quantitative comparison of the present numerical simulation and previous experimental results, the mean percentage errors of temperatures in the stage and auditorium, and the mass flow rate of outflow through the natural vent were calculated. The present numerical simulation results showed good agreement with previous experimental results with reasonable accuracy.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find a solution to the massive data construction that occurs when fire simulation data is linked to augmented reality and the resulting data overload problem. Method: An experiment was conducted to set the interval between appropriate input data to improve the reliability and computational complexity of Linear Interpolation, a data estimation technology. In addition, a validity verification was conducted to confirm whether Linear Interpolation well reflected the dynamic changes of fire. Result: As a result of application to the underground common area, which is the study target building, it showed high satisfaction in improving the reliability of Interpolation and the operation processing speed of simulation when data was input at intervals of 10 m. In addition, it was verified through evaluation using MAE and R-Squared that the estimation method of fire simulation data using the Interpolation technique had high explanatory power and reliability. Conclusion: This study solved the data overload problem caused by applying digital twin technology to fire simulation through Interpolation techniques, and confirmed that fire information prediction and visualization were of great help in real-time fire prevention.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.2101-2108
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• 2008

Most of train fires which occur in usual cases do not grow up significantly on a large scale enough to bring about casualties and harmful damages. However, the consequence of some train fire accidents can be devastating disaster so that it would be even recorded in history in unusual cases. Accordingly, such a probability of fire disaster cannot be ignored in aspect of the railway safety assesment. A scale of injury and damage is very difficult to predict and analyze. Because it is depend on various factors, i.e. fire load, burning period, facilities, environment condition, and so on. Thus, a prediction of fire load could be understood as a one methodology to estimate railway safety assesment. The summation method which is one of them is used to evaluate the overall fire load by assuming that sum of heat release rate per unit area or mass of each composite material equals the total. However, since the train fire is classified into a compartment fire in under-ventilation condition. The summation method do not estimate a fire load completely. In this journal, Various methods to predict fire load are introduced and evaluated. Especially the fire simulation tool FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)which is based on the CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) is introduced, too. Through the FDS simulation, numerical analyses for the fire load and flame spread are performed. Then, these results of the simulation are validated through the comparison study with the experimental data. Then, limitations and approximations including in simulation process are discussed. The future direction of research is proposed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.67-72
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• 2015

Korea urbanized rapidly, and overpopulation with high growth of the economy has resulted in decrepit facilities scattered all cities. If there is a strong wind during a fire, the fire is rapidly spread by various factors. Korea cannot build a prediction model for urban fire combustion phenomena because there are no studies that physically explain the suitable flame phenomena for its buildings. This study built a model for the generation of fire brand and includes to scattering, fall, and ignition An experiment was done using the wind tunnel facilities of the Japanese Building Research Institute (BRI). The results were used to explain the behavior of fire brand, and reflected in the fire simulation model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.191-198
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• 2020

In this study, in order to propose an improvement plan for fire simulation training to improve fire response capability, fire simulation training is conducted for three business facilities, and changes according to whether training materials are used and whether the response time for each response stage is reflected in the training evaluation. The response posture and response ability of the training participants were observed and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was analyzed that most of the training participants improved their participation in training, response posture, and response ability when the use of training textbooks and response time for each response stage were reflected in the training evaluation. In the event of a fire simulation training, a number of training materials that can similarly implement the fire situation are used to improve and maintain the fire response capabilities (fire notification and fire report, initial extinguishing, and evacuation) of the training participants, and the target time for each response step. The result was that it can be used as a useful index for improving fire response capability and improving fire simulation training in the future and feedback only when quantitative training evaluation is conducted based on this setting.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 1994

The review of field model for fire simulation is presented. The approach to predict ire growth by solving the conservation equations over time and 2- or 3-dimentional space with appropriate boundary conditions is called field model. The finite difference method is adopted to solve the governing equations. The results is give qualititively and quantitatively good results but complicate and difficult to handle. But it is useful tool to understand detail phenomenons and to make decision for fire safety.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.13-28
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• 1999

The main purpose of this paper is to design and implement forest fire information system (FOFIS) for effective prevention of forest fire using GIS, database, 3-D graphics, and simulation techniques. In contrast to conventional fire information systems that are mostly based on the 2-D graphics and analytic modeling approaches, we have proposed the cell-based modeling approaches, i.e., spatial, data, and simulation modeling approaches. The cell-based spatial modeling is proposed by eliminating the cliff effect of the typical elevation model so that it can provide realistic 3-D graphics of the forest fire. The cell-based data modeling of geography, meteorology, and forestry information is also proposed. The cell-based dynamic modeling for forecasting of the fire diffusion is developed using the variable structure modeling techniques. Several simulation tests of FOFIS performed on a sample forest area of Chungdo, Kyungsangbukdo will demonstrate our approaches.