• 한국결정학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2004

Two new nickel vanadium borophosphate cluster compounds, $(NH_4)_{10}[Ni(H_2O)_5]_4[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$ (1) and $(NH_4)_{3.5}(C_3H_{12}N_2)_{3.5}[Ni(H_2O)_6]_{1.25}{[Ni(H_2O)_5]_2[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$ (2) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Inter-diffusion methods were employed to prepare the compounds. The cluster anion $[(NH_4)\;{\supset}\;V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6$ is used as a building unit in the synthesis of new compounds containing $Ni(H_2O){^{2+}_5}$ in the presence of pyrazine and 1,3-diaminopropane. Compounds contain isolated cluster anions with general composition ${[Ni(H_2O)_5]_n[(NH_4)\;{\supset}\;V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6}^{-(17-2n)}$ (n = 2, 4). Crystal data: $(NH_4)_{10}[Ni(H_2O)_5]_4[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$, monoclinic, space group C2/m (no. 12), a = 27.538(2) ${\AA}$, b = 20.366(2) ${\AA}$, c = 11.9614(9) ${\AA}$, ${\beta}$ = 112.131(1)$^{\circ}$, Z = 8; $(NH_4)_{3.5}(C_3H_{12}N_2)_b[Ni(H_2O)_6]_{3.5}{[Ni(H_2O)_5]_2[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$, triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 17.7668(9) ${\AA}$, b = 17.881(1) ${\AA}$, c = 20.668(1) ${\AA}$, ${\alpha}$ = 86.729(1)$^{\circ}$, ${\beta}$ \ 65.77(1)$^{\circ}$, ${\gamma}$ = 80.388(1)$^{\circ}$, Z = 2.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of influenza A (H1N1) knowledge, attitude and practice for nurses. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires from a total of 325 nurses working in an Influenza A (H1N1) base-zone hospital in C city during September, 2009. The collected data were analyzed using of SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: The knowledge of influenza A (H1N1) was not statistically different for gender, age, education, work unit, clinical experience, position, or previous education of Influenza A (H1N1). The attitude to influenza A (H1N1) was statistically significant according to age or clinical experience. Practice related to influenza A (H1N1) was statistically different for education, clinical experience or previous education of influenza A (H1N1). Knowledge of influenza A (H1N1) was lowest for etiology and definition compared to other subcategories. Attitude and practice were significantly different for all items. The biggest difference in items was for 'use of physical barriers (protective goggles, face masks and gowns) during procedures that may involve contact with aerosol'. There was a positive association between attitude and practice. Conclusion: An educational program focusing on strategy to change nurses's knowledge, attitude and practice can be effective for infection control in an influenza A (H1N1) base-zone hospital.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2007

Swine influenza is an acute, infectious respiratory disease caused by type A influenza viruses in pigs. In the previous studies, serological surveys have indicated the presence of H3N2 swine influenza virus (SIV) since 1995 in Korea. And the percentage of the antibody-positive rate was 39.12% in the survey determining the prevalence of H1N1 SIV antibodies in 2002. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the sero-prevalence of SIV regard to the age of the pig and the season between June 2004 and May 2005. In this study, a total of 932 sera were used. These sera were randomly selected from blood samples, which were submitted to Department of Veterinary Pathology, Kangwon National University and Department of Veterinary Virology, Seoul National University from June 2004 to May 2005. These sera have been tested by ELISA test kit (IDEXX Lab, USA) for the SIV H3N2, H1N1 respectively. SAS version 9.1 was used for the statistical analysis based on the age of the pig and the season. The overall sero-prevalence of the antibody against H3N2 SIV was 20.82% (194/932). The overall sero-prevalence of the antibody against H1N1 SIV was 37.23% (347/932). The overall dual sero-prevalence of the antibody against H3N2 and H1N1 SIV was 10.62% (99/932). H3N2 has significant difference in statistically regarding the age of the pig and the season (p<0.0001). H1N1 has significant difference in statistically regarding the age of the pig (p<0.0001) but has not significant difference in statistically regarding the season (p=0.5882).

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2011

Swine influenza is an acute respiratory disease prevalent in pig-growing areas all around the world and plays the roles of an intermediate host to be transmitted to mammals including human beings through a genetic recombination with the avian influenza virus. Recognizing that people could be contracted with swine influenza, this study set out to investigate the seroprevalence of individual and multiple infections with two subtypes (H1N1 and H3N2) of the swine influenza virus in pig farms in the Gyeongnam region according to age, area, and season, as well as to provide basic data for the prevention and control of swine influenza. Used in the study were total 904 swine sera that were not vaccinated against the influenza gathered from the pig farms in the Gyeongnam region from November, 2009 to October, 2010. HerdChek SIV (H1N1, H3N2) ELISA kit (IDEXX Laboratories, USA) was used for antibody testing against swine influenza. The test results show that 370 sera (40.9%) were infected with either H1N1 or H3N2 with 37.3% (337 sera) being contracted with H1N1, 13.1% (118 sera) with H3N2, and 9.4% (85) with both H1N1 and H3N2.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.1003-1016
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• 2016

In this paper, we introduce a new kind of slant helix for null curves called null $W_n$-slant helix and we give a definition of new harmonic curvature functions of a null curve in terms of $W_n$ in (n + 2)-dimensional Lorentzian space $M^{n+2}_1$ (for n > 3). Also, we obtain a characterization such as: "The curve ${\alpha}$ s a null $W_n$-slant helix ${\Leftrightarrow}H^{\prime}_n-k_1H_{n-1}-k_2H_{n-3}=0$" where $H_n,H_{n-1}$ and $H_{n-3}$ are harmonic curvature functions and $k_1,k_2$ are the Cartan curvature functions of the null curve ${\alpha}$.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2011

Purpose: To identify factors associated with children's discriminatory attitudes towards fully recovered children who contracted the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1), in order to provide fundamental information to improve health education for children. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from the entire 6th grade classes (N=2,323) of 11 elementary schools randomly selected from 11 school districts in the Seoul Metropolitan Area of South Korea. Questionnaires were used to assess participants' knowledge of and attitudes towards the Influenza A (H1N1) virus. Results: Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the factors associated with children's discriminatory attitudes toward fully recovered children who had contracted the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1). Multiple regression analysis revealed that perceived risk of contracting and knowledge of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) were significant factors in predicting a child's attitude toward fully recovered Influenza A (H1N1) patients, after controlling for socioeconomic variables. Conclusion: The findings suggests that perceived risk and knowledge play important roles in formulating children's appropriate attitudes towards Novel influenza A (H1N1) patients who are fully recovered from the disease. To promote and maximize children's attitudes in this area, health education needs to be directed at children to reduce excessive concern about contracting the virus and to improve their overall health knowledge.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 1991

p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde 4-(p-ethoxyphenyl) thiosemicarbazone, C18H22N4OS의, 단위포상수는 단사정계 a=11.802(2), b=31.962(2), c=9.829(2)A, β=100.12(1)˚, V=3694.8A3이며 F(000)=1472, Mr=342.47, 공간군은 P2₁/c, Z=8, Dx=1.246 Mg m-3, Dm=1.17Mg m-3, μ=0.15mm-1이다. T=294 K에서 Mo Ka(λ=0.71073 A)을 사용하여 최종 R값은 0.0856이다. 비대칭단위내의 두개 분자간의 구조상의 큰차이는 C(9)-N(1)-C(6)-C(7)의 비틀림각이 각각 58.8(8)˚와 1(1)˚인것으로, 각 분자는 길이가 각각 2.613(7)과 2.566(7) A인 N(1)-H(10)'N(3) 분자내 수고결합을 하고 있으며 각 분자는 N(2)원자를 정점으로 하여 V-모양을 하고 있다. 독립적인 두 분자는 두개의 분자간 수소 결합 N(2)-H(11)'S'=3.367(5) A과 N(2')-H(11')'S=3.421(4)A으로 연결되어 이중체(dimer)를 형성하고 있으며 그 이중체들은 van der Waals력으로 결합되어 있다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권2호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2011

Recently, a novel influenza A (H1N1) has been recognized as the cause of a worldwide respiratory infection outbreak. Although the symptoms of a novel influenza A (H1N1) are usually mild, the disease can cause severe illness and death. A complication of novel influenza A (H1N1) is pneumomediastinum, a rarely reported condition. We report a case of influenza A (H1N1) complicating pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema, which had initially presented with blood tinged sputum and chest pain. In addition, we demonstrate bronchoalveolar lavage in influenza A (H1N1).

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.468-473
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 박막트랜지스터의 특성 향상을 위하여 강유전성 박막을 게이트 절연층으로 사용하기 위하여 강유전성 박막과 a-Si:H의 계면특성을 조사하였다. 먼저 강유전성 박막 중에 대표적인 SrTiO$_3$를 I-BEAM 증착기로 박막을 형성시켰다. 형성된 박막은 N2 분위기에서 $150^{\circ}C∼600^{\circ}C$로 1시간 ANNEALING하여 전자현미경으로 표면을 측정하였다. SrTiO$_3$의 유전상수는 50∼100 정도였으며 항복전계는 1∼l.5 MV/cm로 매우 우수한 유전특성을 갖고 있었다. 강유전체 박막 위에 a-SiN:H,a-Si:H(n-type a-Si:H) 등을 PECVD로 증착하여 MFNS구조를 형성하였다. 계면특성을 C-V PLOTTER로 측정한 결과 SrTiO$_3$ 박막은 SiN과의 접합이 매우 안정되어 있었고 C-V특성은 SiN/a-Si:H과 유사하였다. 그러나 FERROELECTRIC/a-S:H의 경우가 훨씬 CAPACITANCE 값이 컸으며, 이는 강유전체 박막의 높은 유전상수에 기인 된 것이라 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권2호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2016

In late March of 2009, an outbreak of influenza in Mexico, was eventually identified as H1N1 influenza A. In June 2009, the World Health Organization raised a pandemic alert to the highest level. More than 214 countries have reported confirmed cases of pandemic H1N1 influenza A. In Korea, the first case of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 infection was reported on May 2, 2009. Between May 2009 and August 2010, 750,000 cases of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 were confirmed by laboratory test. The H1N1-related death toll was estimated to reach 252 individuals. Almost one billion cases of influenza occurs globally every year, resulting in 300,000 to 500,000 deaths. Influenza vaccination induces virus-neutralizing antibodies, mainly against hemagglutinin, which provide protection from invading virus. New quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine generates similar immune responses against the three influenza strains contained in two types of trivalent vaccines and superior responses against the additional B strain.