• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.931-937
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• 2018

Sutures are used not only for wound closure but also for oriental medicine field, beauty and even for plastic surgery. Especially, it is popular in the field of cosmetic surgery. In this paper, we produced sutures using PCL and PLLA with better strength than PDO sutures, which was widely used in the past. To learn about the mechanical characteristics of the PCL and PLLA sutures, the contraction change, tensile strength, and elongation were measured. And SEM was also analyzed for diameter and surface. The contraction change Ratio of sutures are stabilized after a certain period of time regardless of temperature. Also, it can be seen that the higher the temperature, the higher the contraction increase rate. And the rate change of mechanical properties is different according to the temperature before and after the glass temperature. Also the higher the temperature, the faster the molecular motion and the lower the tensile strength. The diameter of the PLLA and PCL sutures is opposite to the contraction change ratio. And it is considered that the sterilization temperature of PLLA sutures is best to set at $45^{\circ}C$ and the sterilization temperature of PCL sutures is best to set at $35^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.836-846
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate nursing educational objectives achievement, critical thinking disposition, and clinical competence and their relationships in nurses within five years after graduation. Subjects were 82 nurses who graduated one nursing college within five years and 68 managers in nursing unit of hospital. Questions were given to nurses. They reported their achievement of educational objectives of the nursing college, critical thinking disposition and clinical competence. Nursing unit managers received the same questions to evaluate nurses working at their unit. Data were collected from January to march 2014 and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Mean scores for achievement of educational objectives, critical thinking disposition, and clinical competence were $3.60{\pm}0.60$, $3.46{\pm}0.28$, and $4.17{\pm}0.56$, respectively. Educational objectives achievement showed significant correlations with critical thinking disposition (r = 0.52, p <. 001) and clinical competence (r = 0.52, p < .001). Regression analysis showed that critical thinking disposition (${\beta}=.30$, p = .018) and clinical competence (${\beta}=.26$, p = .029) were significant factors for predicting educational objectives achievement. Manager's evaluation score for educational objectives achievement and clinical competence was higher than graduated nurses' report (p < .001). This could be used as a feed- back to reset educational objectives and upgrade the curriculum. These study results could be used to, establish strategies to improve educational objectives achievement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.15-25
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• 2018

This study was conducted to obtain proper amount of solid poultry manure in the beginning phase of Deutzia crenata growth. Seedling growth increment, dry weight, inorganic matter uptake and chemical changes of soil according to the concentration of solid poultry manure fertilization. 1. When treated with solid poultry manure, seed germination rate was highest on the control. However, germination rates tended to decrease when treated with at high concentrations. 2. The growth of seedlings treated with poultry manure was always higher than that in control. At the 1.0% of poultry manure treatment, the growth rate and dry weight of the seedlings was highest. 3. The amount of inorganic nutrients absorbed by the seedling was generally high with the 1.0% treatment, declined sharply with the 2.0% treatment. 4. For the planting soil of Deutzia crenata, the higher the concentration of poultry manure, the lower the soil pH. However, nitrogen, available P, K, Na and Mg contents in the soil have increased with higher concentrations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.313-320
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• 2018

The purposes of this study were to verify the status of Barrier Free Design Certification in the center for the elderly. To achieve these purposes, the architectural characteristics of the center for elderly and the status of Barrier Free Design Certification was analyzed. The results of this study were as follows. (1) The functional composition of centers for the elderly are similar regardless of the location, but the area and shape of the plot are very different according to the location. (2) According to an analysis on the status of Barrier Free Design Certification in centers for elderly, the sanitation and intermediate facilities are necessarily considerable adjustment. (3) For the accessability and conveniences of Barrier Free Design Certification in a small building, such as centers for the elderly, they are necessary to simplify the self-assessment documents, minimize the period for judging, and reducing the fees for certification.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.170-177
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of circulation exercise on health related fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors obese in middle age women. Twenty, obese middle age women($BMI<25kg/m^2$) composed of circulation exercise group(EX, n=10), the control group(CON, n=10). The variables of health related fitness, metabolic syndrome risk factors were measured in all the subjects before the start and after the end of 12 week circulation exercise program(60~80 %HRR, 3 times per week, 30~40 mins). The test data were analyzed by paired t-test and repeated ANOVA, and the alpha level of p<.05 was set for all tests of significance. Health related fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors were measured pre and 12 weeks of post exercise training. %body fat(p <.01) was significantly decreased in EX group compared to CON group. LBM(p <.05), muscular endurance(p <.05), flexibility(p <.05) and cardiorespiratory endurance(p <.001) were significantly increased in EX group compared to CON group. WC(p <.05), SBP(p <.01), DBP(p <.05), Glucose(p <.05) and TG(p <.05) were significantly decreased in EX group compared to CON group. HDL-C(p <.01) was significantly increased in EX group compared to CON group. These results suggest that 12 weeks of circulation exercise training improves health related fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors. Thus, this newly proposed circulation exercise modality can be a useful therapy to improve both health related fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese middle age women.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.398-409
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• 2018

In the present study, biogenic amine-forming Bacillus spp. and bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Doenjang were generally identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of cheonggukjang prepared using the isolated strains were investigated. Biogenic amine-producing bacteria from the samples were identified as Bacillus licheniformis DB102, B. subtilis DB203, B. stearothermophilus DB206, B. pumilus DB209, B. subtilis DB310, B. coagulans DB311, B. cereus DB313, B. amyloliquefaciens DB714, B. amylolique-faciens DB915, B. licheniformis DB917, B. cereus DB1019, B. subtilis DB1020, B. megaterium DB1022. The bacteriocin-producing LAB showed antibacterial effect against biogenic amine-producing Bacillus spp. were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum DLA205, L. brevis DLA501, L. fermentum DLA509, L. acidophilus DLA703, and Enterococcus faecalis DLA804. The bacteriocin produced by the LAB significantly decreased the viable numbers and the amine production ability of the biogenic amine-forming Bacillus spp. in a concentration dependent manner. Therefore, the pH, ammonia nitrogen and biogenic amine content of cheonggukjang prepared by mixed culture of the LAB and Bacillus spp. were significantly decreased compared to the control group.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.41-51
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• 2018

Recently, in the field of video surveillance, deep learning based learning method is applied to intelligent video surveillance system, and various events such as crime, fire, and abnormal phenomenon can be robustly detected. However, since occlusion occurs due to the loss of 3d information generated by projecting the 3d real-world in 2d image, it is need to consider the occlusion problem in order to accurately detect the object and to estimate the pose. Therefore, in this paper, we detect moving objects by solving the occlusion problem of object detection process by adding depth information to existing RGB information. Then, using the convolution neural network in the detected region, the positions of the 14 keypoints of the human joint region can be predicted. Finally, in order to solve the self-occlusion problem occurring in the pose estimation process, the method for 3d human pose estimation is described by extending the range of estimation to the 3d space using the predicted result of 2d keypoint and the deep neural network. In the future, the result of 2d and 3d pose estimation of this research can be used as easy data for future human behavior recognition and contribute to the development of industrial technology.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.205-210
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• 2018

This study was performed to investigate the effect of types of oil (OVOIL vs. OIL) on B6D2F1 mice oogenesis. In this study, B6D2F1 F1 mice were used in order to maximize oogenesis. The expansion rate of cumulus cells ($82.0%{\pm}0.2$ vs. $78.0%{\pm}0.1$), in vitro fertilization rate ($92.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $88.0%{\pm}0.1$), developmental rate ($91.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $87.0%{\pm}0.2$), blastocysts formation rate ($56.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $57.0%{\pm}0.1$), and zona hatched rate($41.4%{\pm}0.2$ vs. $24.0%{\pm}0.1$) were not different between groups (NS; P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in maturation rate; the OVOIL group showed higher maturation rate compared to that of the OIL group ($96.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $87.0%{\pm}0.1$; P<0.05). In the blastocysts cell numbers, the total cell numbers ($83.9{\pm}26.1$ vs. $56.9{\pm}23.9$), ICM cell numbers ($15.7{\pm}8.8$ vs. $6.3{\pm}3.5$), TE cell numbers ($68.3{\pm}25.7$ vs. $50.7{\pm}24.1$), % ICM ($21.6%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $12.7%{\pm}0.1$), and the ratio of ICM:TE ($1:6.2{\pm}6.5$ vs. $1:10.3{\pm}7.0$) were significantly higher in the OVOIL group than the OIL group (P<0.05). These results suggested that it is expected to achieve the more developmental ability of B6D2F1 mice depending on the type of oil (OVOIL vs. OIL). In addition, the results can provide essential information for culture condition on B6D2F1 mice. Henceforth, thus, it is expected that these results herein might be used for in vitro culture of human embryos.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.320-333
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• 2019

Objective: The Shanghai Holstein cattle breed is susceptible to severe mastitis and other diseases due to the hot weather and long-term humidity in Shanghai, which is the main distribution centre for providing Holstein semen to various farms throughout China. Our objective was to determine the genetic mechanisms influencing economically important traits, especially diseases that have huge impact on the yield and quality of milk as well as reproduction. Methods: In our study, we detected the structural variations of 1,092 Shanghai Holstein cows by using next-generation sequencing. We used the DELLY software to identify deletions and insertions, cn.MOPS to identify copy-number variants (CNVs). Furthermore, we annotated these structural variations using different bioinformatics tools, such as gene ontology, cattle quantitative trait locus (QTL) database and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). Results: The average number of high-quality reads was 3,046,279. After filtering, a total of 16,831 deletions, 12,735 insertions and 490 CNVs were identified. The annotation results showed that these mapped genes were significantly enriched for specific biological functions, such as disease and reproduction. In addition, the enrichment results based on the cattle QTL database showed that the number of variants related to milk and reproduction was higher than the number of variants related to other traits. IPA core analysis found that the structural variations were related to reproduction, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. According to the functional analysis, structural variations were important factors affecting the variation of different traits in Shanghai Holstein cattle. Our results provide meaningful information about structural variations, which may be useful in future assessments of the associations between variations and important phenotypes in Shanghai Holstein cattle. Conclusion: Structural variations identified in this study were extremely different from those of previous studies. Many structural variations were found to be associated with mastitis and reproductive system diseases; these results are in accordance with the characteristics of the environment that Shanghai Holstein cattle experience.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.53-58
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• 2018

Since the scaling-down of IC devices has been reached to their physical limitations, several innovative packaging technologies such as 3D packaging, embedded packaging, and fan-out wafer level packaging (FOWLP) are actively studied. In this study the fabrication of organic-inorganic dielectric material was evaluated for the use of multi-structured redistribution layers (RDL) in FOWLP. Compared to current organic dielectrics such as PI or PBO an organic-inorganic hybrid dielectric called polysilsesquioxane (PSSQ) can improve mechanical, thermal, and electrical stabilities. polysilsesquioxane has also an excellent advantage of simultaneous curing and patterning through UV exposure. The polysilsesquioxane samples were fabricated by spin-coating on 6-inch Si wafer followed by pre-baking and UV exposure. With the 10 minutes of UV exposure polysilsesquioxane was fully cured and showed $2{\mu}m$ line-pattern formation. And the dielectric constant of cured polysilsesquioxane dielectrics was ranged from 2.0 to 2.4. It has been demonstrated that polysilsesquioxane dielectric can be patterned and cured by UV exposure alone without a high temperature curing process.