• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2003

For probing the importance of planarity of imidazolidinone motif of 4-phenyl-1-(benzenesulfonyl)imidazolidinones 1 for their cytotoxicity, 4-phenyl-2-(benzoyl)[1,2,5]thiadiazolidine-1,1-dioxide (2a), 4-phenyl-2-(p-toluoyl)[1,2,5]thiadiazolidine-1,1-dioxide (2b), 4-phenyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)[1,2,5]thiadiazolidine-1,1-dioxide (3a), and 4-phenyl-2-(p-tolylcarbamoyl)[1,2,5]thiadiazolidine-1,1-dioxide (3b) were prepared along with their regioisomers (5a, 5b, 9a, 9b) and their cytotoxicity were measured against human lung carcinoma (A549), human colon carcinoma (COLO205), human ovarian cancer (SK-OV-3), human leukemic cancer (K562), and murine colon adenocarcinoma (Colon26) cell lines in vitro. All compounds prepared do not show any activity against all five cancer cell lines unlike 1. Compounds 1 possess planarity of imidazolidinone, especially in sulfonylurea moiety ($-SO_2$NHCONH-). However compounds 2 and 3 have nonplanar 5-membered ring, [1,2,5]thiadiazolidine-1,1-dioxides. Such structural differentiation might result in the loss of activity. Therefore the inactivity of 2 and 3 could also be an indication for the necessity of planarity of imidazolidinone ring of 1 for their cytotoxic activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1847-1850
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• 2007

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2018

Purpose: To clarify the clinical features of appendicitis in preschool children and to explore clinical appendicitis scoring systems in this age group. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 142 children, aged 10 years or younger, with confirmed diagnosis of appendicitis based on surgical and pathologic findings. Enrolled subjects were divided into two groups: Group 1 (preschool children aged ${\leq}5$ years, n=41) and Group 2 (school children aged >5 to ${\leq}10$ years, n=101). Data analyzed included clinical presentation, laboratory findings, the pediatric appendicitis score (PAS), and the modified Alvarado score (MAS). Results: The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain in both groups (92.7% vs. 97.0%). Other presenting symptoms were as follows: fever (65.9%), vomiting (68.3%), right lower quadrant (RLQ) localization (24.4%), anorexia (14.6%), and diarrhea (7.3%) in Group 1, and RLQ localization (74.3%), vomiting (71.3%), anorexia (52.5%), fever (47.5%), and diarrhea (11.9%) in Group 2. Perforation and abscess occurred more frequently in Group 1 than in Group 2 (43.9% vs. 12.9%, p<0.001; 34.1% vs. 5.0%, p<0.001; respectively). PAS and MAS were lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 ($4.09{\pm}1.97$ vs. $6.91{\pm}1.61$, p=0.048; $4.65{\pm}1.79$ vs. $6.51{\pm}1.39$, p=0.012; respectively). Conclusion: In preschool children, appendicitis often presents with atypical features, more rapid progression, and higher incidence of complications. This age group is more likely to have lower PAS and MAS than those of school children.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5117-5122
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• 2013

Purpose: To explore the association between PIK3CA and AKT single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) and osteosarcoma susceptibility. Methods: TaqMan polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to detect the genotypes of SNPs (rs7646409, rs6973569 and rs9866361) in peripheral blood samples from 59 patients with osteosarcoma and from 63 healthy controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between SNPs and osteosarcoma risk. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between osteosarcoma patients and healthy controls in the genotype of AKT rs6973569 (P=0.7). However, after stratified analysis, the genotype AA of AKT rs6973569 carried a higher risk of osteosarcoma metastasis (OR:2.94, 95%CL:1.00-8.59); the difference of rs7646409 genotype distributions between the case and control groups was statistically significant (P=0.032). Taking genotype TT as a reference, the risk of osteosarcoma increased three fold in patients with genotype CC (OR:3.47, 95%CL:1.26-9.56). A statistically significant difference was found between the alleles C and T (P=0.005). Further analysis showed that the risk factor was more pronounced in male patients with Enneking's stage IIB and osteoblastic osteosarcoma. PIK3CA rs9866361 did not fit Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05). Conclusions: Genotype CC in locus PIK3CA rs7646409 may increase the risk of osteosarcoma in the Chinese population.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to produce calves by transfer of embryos derived from slaughter house(SHD) and ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up (OPU). At 60 hrs after injection of 400 mg FSH dissolved in 25% polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) by single dose, ultrasound-guided follicular oocyte aspiration was ferformed. Day-7 and day-8 blastocysts produced by in vitro maturation (IVM), fertilization (IVF) and culture(IVC) of the oocytes derived from SHD and OPU were nonsurgically transferred into recipients. The results obtained were as follows. The cleavage rate and the development rate to blastocysts were not significantly (P<0.05) different between the oocytes obtained by SHD (72.9% vs. 34.1%) and OPU (75.9% vs. 38.4%). The oocyte recovery rate from the number of follicles by ultrasound-guided aspiration were not significantly (P<0.05) different between Holstein (61.7%) and Hanwoo (60.1%), but the rate of oocytes useful for IVF was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Hanwoo (69.3%) than Holstein (59.6%). The cleavage rate and the development rate to blastocysts was not significantly (P<0.05) different between Holstein (74.9% vs. 39.2%) and recipients on day 8 of estrus cycle resulted in 13 pregnancies (34.2%). One of them was sacrificed during gestation period due to mastitis and another was aborted spontaneous. The resulting 14 calves were morphologically normal at birth. Seventy eight fresh OPU-IVF embryos were transferred into 21 recipients on day 8 of estrus cycles, resulting in pregnancy of 12 recipients (41.4%). Two of them were sacrificed during gestation period due to mastitis and the other two were aborted. Nevertheless, the 11 OPU-calves have been born normally.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.289-294
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• 2018

A test study was conducted to identify the effects of diathermy through therapist's hand on patients with chronic lumbar pain. The study assessed the effectiveness of Winback High Frequency TECAR Therapy on 21 patients suffering from chronic lumbar pain and the testing was held at H Hospital and began in April 2016 and concluded in September 2016. Assessment of pain relief was through a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ). The results showed a VAS score decrease from $6.67{\pm}1.76$ to $5.52{\pm}2.03$ (p<0.05) and the ODQ results also showed an decrease from $41.19{\pm}2.56$ to $35.14{\pm}5.11$ (p<0.05). Both of these results are indicative of the positive effects that diathermy through therapist's hand has in the treatment of chronic pain, and the necessity for further studies in this field.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 2021

This study examined yearly trend of sugar-sweetened beverage(SSB) intake and compared nutritional status by SSB intake level in middle school students aged 12~14 years(n=2,543) using the data from 2007~2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. SSB included carbonated drinks, sports drinks, and caffeinated drinks contained added sugar. Subjects were classified into three groups by SSB intake level obtained from 24-hour recall method: SSB 1(SSB intake 0 g/d), SSB 2(0 g/d < SSB intake < 50th percentile) and SSB 3(SSB intake ≥ 50th percentile). Result of daily intake of SSB was 76.1±6.2 g/d for boys and 59.5±4.7 g/d for girls and it was increased significantly for boys(p-trend 0.0004) and girls(p-trend 0.0038) by year. The most intakes were carbonated drinks followed by fruit juices and sports drinks for boys and girls. Percentage of daily intake compared to the dietary reference was increased for energy and iron while was decreased for calcium and vitamin C toward SSB 3 group. Ratio of excess intake of energy/fat was increased significantly for boys(p=0.0091) and girls(p<0.0001) toward SSB 3 group. Ratio of calcium deficiency was 86.8~94.9% for boys and girls and it was very high. Therefore, it should be emphasized to reduce SSB intake and drink plain water without added sugar, etc. and milk as a source of calcium for improving nutritional status of middle school students through dietary education and social support.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.164-172
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence, clinicopathological characteristics, treatment outcomes, prognostic factors, and survival of gastric cancer patients with bone metastases. Materials and Methods: Of 4,617 gastric cancer patients who were treated between 2001 and 2013, 176 patients with bone metastases were analyzed. Results: The incidence of bone metastasis was 3.8%. The most common histopathological subtype was adenocarcinoma (79%) with poor differentiation (60.8%). The median interval from the diagnosis to bone metastasis was 11 months. The median survival time after bone metastasis was 5.4 months. Factors that were associated with longer median survival times included the following: isolated bone metastasis (P=0.004), well-differentiated tumors (P=0.002), palliative chemotherapy (P=0.003), zoledronic acid treatment (P<0.001), no smoking history (P=0.007), and no metastatic gastric cancer at the time of diagnosis (P=0.01). On the other hand, high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.86; P=0.015), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (HR: 2.04; P=0.002), and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 (HR: 2.94; P<0.001) were associated with shorter survival times. In multivariate analysis, receiving zoledronic acid (P<0.001) and performance status (P=0.013) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Smoking history, poor performance status, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and high levels of LDH, CEA, and CA 19-9 were shown to be poor prognostic factors, while receiving chemotherapy and zoledronic acid were associated with prolonged survival in gastric cancer patients with bone metastases.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2006

An experiment was carried out to investigate changing of water quality during the seed production of dark-banded rockfish Sebastes inermis in large scale tanks. Ten broodstock of dark-banded rockfish were held in three circular tanks (diameter 6.5 m; depth 2 m; water volume 50 ton) each (stocking density $0.061kg/m^3$). During the experiment the temperature ranged from 14.2 to $16.1^{\circ}C$. The fingerlings were 134 with rotifers only during 1 to 9 days after parturition, rotifers with Artemia nauplii during 10 to 20 days after parturition, Artemia nauplii only during 21 to 35 days after parturition, Artemia nauplii with commercial diet during 36 to 80 days after parturition and commercial diet only during 81 to 85 days after parturition. Water quality (dissolved oxygen, pH, $NH_4^+-N,\;NO_2^--N,\;NO_3^--N\;and\;PO_4^{3-}-P$) in rearing tanks measured every 5 days in long term monitoring investigation or every 2 hours in diurnal monitoring investigation. In 85 days after parturition, the body weight of fish grew up to 0.88 f and specific growth rate was 8.0%/day in body weight. In long term monitoring investigation, with the increase of the amount of supplied commercial diet, the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH decreased, but the concentration of $NH_4^+-N\;(4.5\;to\;76.3{\mu}M),\;NO_2^--N\;(0.02\;to\;0.06{\mu}M),\;NO_3^--N\;(3.0\;to\;5.9{\mu}M)$, and $PO_4^{3-}-P\;(0.41\;to\;0.59{\mu}M)$ increased. In the diurnal monitoring investigation, the concentration of $NH_4^+-N$ showed great fluctuation and ranged from 3.0 to $9.1{\mu}M$ when fed rotifers, 16.3 to $45.8{\mu}M$ when fed Artemia nauplii and 36.5 to $120.1{\mu}M$ when fed commercial diet. After daily feeding with each of feed, the amount of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (P) wastage were 7.0 g and 0.7 g when fed rotifers, 24.7 g and 0.7 g when fed Artemia nauplii and 140.9 g and 2.2 g when 134 commercial diet. The amount of DIN and phosphorous wastage during 134 commercial diet was significantly higher than that of fed rotifer and Artemia nauplii (P<0.05). Results will provide valuable information far water quality management and culture of dark-banded rockfish in commercial seed production systems.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.475-481
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• 2007

A total of 40 Korean native pigs (gilt 21, boar 19) were used to investigate the meat quality, nutritional and sensory properties by gender. Gilts had significantly lower moisture and ash contents (%) than boars, but protein contents were not significantly different between the gender (p<0.05). Gilts contained high intramuscular fat contents were significantly lower in Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) and Water holding capacity (WHC) when compared to those of boars. There was no significant difference in meat color L (lightness) and a (redness) values between the gender (p>0.05), but gilt had higher b (yellowiness) values than boar. Regarding amino acid compositions, there were glutamic acid (3.25%), aspartic acid (1.94%) lysine (1.83%), leucine (1.77%), alanine (1.17%) and arginine (1.15%) for gilts and boars. There were no significant differences in the contents of the minerals such as calcium, potassium, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper (p>0.05). The results of fatty acid composition showed that gilts had significantly higher C16:1n7, C18:1n9, in intramuscular fat., whereas they had significantly higher contents of C14:0, C16:0, C20:1n9, C20:5n3 in subcutaneous fat than boars (p<0.05). Boars had significantly higher contents of C18:0, C18:1n7, C18:2n6, C20:1n9, C20:4n6, C22:4n6 in intramuscular fat and they had significantly higher contents of C18:2n6, C22:4n6 than gilts in subcutaneous fat (p<0.05). In sensory evaluation, gilts had significantly higher scores in juiciness, tenderness and flavor when compared to boars (p<0.05).